Predicting population-level risk effects of predation from the responses of individuals
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2014 |
Outros Autores: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10773/22808 |
Resumo: | Fear of predation produces large effects on prey population dynamics through indirect risk effects that can cause even greater impacts than direct predation mortality. As yet, there is no general theoretical framework for predicting when and how these population risk effects will arise in specific prey populations, meaning that there is often little consideration given to the key role predator risk effects can play in understanding conservation and wildlife management challenges. Here, we propose that population predator risk effects can be predicted through an extension of individual risk trade-off theory and show for the first time that this is the case in a wild vertebrate system. Specifically, we demonstrate that the timing (in specific months of the year), occurrence (at low food availability), cause (reduction in individual energy reserves), and type (starvation mortality) of a population-level predator risk effect can be successfully predicted from individual responses using a widely applicable theoretical framework (individual-based risk trade-off theory). Our results suggest that individual-based risk trade-off frameworks could allow a wide range of population-level predator risk effects to be predicted from existing ecological theory, which would enable risk effects to be more routinely integrated into consideration of population processes and in applied situations such as conservation. |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Predicting population-level risk effects of predation from the responses of individualsbottlenose dolphinTursiops truncatesharbor porpoisePhocoena phocoenaindirect effectsindividual-based theorylethal porpoise–dolphin interactionsmass-dependent predation risknonconsumptive effectsnonlethal predator effectssandeelAmmodytes marinusScotlandstarvation– predation risk trade-offFear of predation produces large effects on prey population dynamics through indirect risk effects that can cause even greater impacts than direct predation mortality. As yet, there is no general theoretical framework for predicting when and how these population risk effects will arise in specific prey populations, meaning that there is often little consideration given to the key role predator risk effects can play in understanding conservation and wildlife management challenges. Here, we propose that population predator risk effects can be predicted through an extension of individual risk trade-off theory and show for the first time that this is the case in a wild vertebrate system. Specifically, we demonstrate that the timing (in specific months of the year), occurrence (at low food availability), cause (reduction in individual energy reserves), and type (starvation mortality) of a population-level predator risk effect can be successfully predicted from individual responses using a widely applicable theoretical framework (individual-based risk trade-off theory). Our results suggest that individual-based risk trade-off frameworks could allow a wide range of population-level predator risk effects to be predicted from existing ecological theory, which would enable risk effects to be more routinely integrated into consideration of population processes and in applied situations such as conservation.Ecological Society of America2018-04-05T15:12:23Z2014-01-01T00:00:00Z2014info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10773/22808eng0012-965810.1890/13-1795.1MacLeod, Colin D.MacLeod, RossLearmonth, Jennifer A.Cresswell, WillPierce, Graham J.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2024-02-22T11:35:52Zoai:ria.ua.pt:10773/22808Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-20T02:53:30.679542Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Predicting population-level risk effects of predation from the responses of individuals |
title |
Predicting population-level risk effects of predation from the responses of individuals |
spellingShingle |
Predicting population-level risk effects of predation from the responses of individuals MacLeod, Colin D. bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncates harbor porpoise Phocoena phocoena indirect effects individual-based theory lethal porpoise–dolphin interactions mass-dependent predation risk nonconsumptive effects nonlethal predator effects sandeel Ammodytes marinus Scotland starvation– predation risk trade-off |
title_short |
Predicting population-level risk effects of predation from the responses of individuals |
title_full |
Predicting population-level risk effects of predation from the responses of individuals |
title_fullStr |
Predicting population-level risk effects of predation from the responses of individuals |
title_full_unstemmed |
Predicting population-level risk effects of predation from the responses of individuals |
title_sort |
Predicting population-level risk effects of predation from the responses of individuals |
author |
MacLeod, Colin D. |
author_facet |
MacLeod, Colin D. MacLeod, Ross Learmonth, Jennifer A. Cresswell, Will Pierce, Graham J. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
MacLeod, Ross Learmonth, Jennifer A. Cresswell, Will Pierce, Graham J. |
author2_role |
author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
MacLeod, Colin D. MacLeod, Ross Learmonth, Jennifer A. Cresswell, Will Pierce, Graham J. |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncates harbor porpoise Phocoena phocoena indirect effects individual-based theory lethal porpoise–dolphin interactions mass-dependent predation risk nonconsumptive effects nonlethal predator effects sandeel Ammodytes marinus Scotland starvation– predation risk trade-off |
topic |
bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncates harbor porpoise Phocoena phocoena indirect effects individual-based theory lethal porpoise–dolphin interactions mass-dependent predation risk nonconsumptive effects nonlethal predator effects sandeel Ammodytes marinus Scotland starvation– predation risk trade-off |
description |
Fear of predation produces large effects on prey population dynamics through indirect risk effects that can cause even greater impacts than direct predation mortality. As yet, there is no general theoretical framework for predicting when and how these population risk effects will arise in specific prey populations, meaning that there is often little consideration given to the key role predator risk effects can play in understanding conservation and wildlife management challenges. Here, we propose that population predator risk effects can be predicted through an extension of individual risk trade-off theory and show for the first time that this is the case in a wild vertebrate system. Specifically, we demonstrate that the timing (in specific months of the year), occurrence (at low food availability), cause (reduction in individual energy reserves), and type (starvation mortality) of a population-level predator risk effect can be successfully predicted from individual responses using a widely applicable theoretical framework (individual-based risk trade-off theory). Our results suggest that individual-based risk trade-off frameworks could allow a wide range of population-level predator risk effects to be predicted from existing ecological theory, which would enable risk effects to be more routinely integrated into consideration of population processes and in applied situations such as conservation. |
publishDate |
2014 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2014-01-01T00:00:00Z 2014 2018-04-05T15:12:23Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10773/22808 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10773/22808 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
0012-9658 10.1890/13-1795.1 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Ecological Society of America |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Ecological Society of America |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
instacron_str |
RCAAP |
institution |
RCAAP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
collection |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
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1799137586386567168 |