A methodology for the systematic identification of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM)
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2023 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10773/37774 |
Resumo: | Naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) are present worldwide and under certain circumstances (e.g., human activities) may give radiation exposure to workers, local public or occasional visitors and non-human biota (NHB) of the surrounding ecosystems. This may occur during planned or existing exposure situations which, under current radiation protection standards, require identification, management, and regulatory control as for other practices associated with man-made radionuclides that may result in the exposure of people and NHB. However, knowledge gaps exist with respect to the extent of global and European NORM exposure situations and their exposure scenario characteristics, including information on the presence of other physical hazards, such as chemical and biological ones. One of the main reasons for this is the wide variety of industries, practices and situations that may utilise NORM. Additionally, the lack of a comprehensive methodology for identification of NORM exposure situations and the absence of tools to support a systematic characterisation and data collection at identified sites may also lead to a gap in knowledge. Within the EURATOM Horizon 2020 RadoNorm project, a methodology for systematic NORM exposure identification has been developed. The methodology, containing consecutive tiers, comprehensively covers situations where NORM may occur (i.e., minerals and raw materials deposits, industrial activities, industrial products and residues and their applications, waste, legacies), and thus, allows detailed investigation and complete identification of situations where NORM may present a radiation protection concern in a country. Details of the tiered methodology, with practical examples on harmonised data collection using a variety of existing sources of information to establish NORM inventories, are presented in this paper. This methodology is flexible and thus applicable to a diversity of situations. It is intended to be used to make NORM inventory starting from the scratch, however it can be used also to systematise and complete existing data. |
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A methodology for the systematic identification of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM)Naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM)NORM inventoryUraniumThoriumHarmonisationRadiation protectionNaturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) are present worldwide and under certain circumstances (e.g., human activities) may give radiation exposure to workers, local public or occasional visitors and non-human biota (NHB) of the surrounding ecosystems. This may occur during planned or existing exposure situations which, under current radiation protection standards, require identification, management, and regulatory control as for other practices associated with man-made radionuclides that may result in the exposure of people and NHB. However, knowledge gaps exist with respect to the extent of global and European NORM exposure situations and their exposure scenario characteristics, including information on the presence of other physical hazards, such as chemical and biological ones. One of the main reasons for this is the wide variety of industries, practices and situations that may utilise NORM. Additionally, the lack of a comprehensive methodology for identification of NORM exposure situations and the absence of tools to support a systematic characterisation and data collection at identified sites may also lead to a gap in knowledge. Within the EURATOM Horizon 2020 RadoNorm project, a methodology for systematic NORM exposure identification has been developed. The methodology, containing consecutive tiers, comprehensively covers situations where NORM may occur (i.e., minerals and raw materials deposits, industrial activities, industrial products and residues and their applications, waste, legacies), and thus, allows detailed investigation and complete identification of situations where NORM may present a radiation protection concern in a country. Details of the tiered methodology, with practical examples on harmonised data collection using a variety of existing sources of information to establish NORM inventories, are presented in this paper. This methodology is flexible and thus applicable to a diversity of situations. It is intended to be used to make NORM inventory starting from the scratch, however it can be used also to systematise and complete existing data.Elsevier2025-07-10T00:00:00Z2023-07-10T00:00:00Z2023-07-10info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10773/37774eng0048-969710.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163324Michalik, BoguslawDvorzhak, AllaPereira, RuthLourenço, JoanaHaanes, HallvardDi Carlo, ChristianNuccetelli, CristinaVenoso, GennaroLeonardi, FedericaTrevisi, RosabiancaTrotti, FlavioUgolini, RaffaellaPannecoucke, LeaBlanchart, PascalePerez-Sanchez, DanylReal, AlmudenaEscribano, AliciaFevrier, LaurelineKallio, AnttiSkipperud, LindisJerome, Simon MarkPopic, Jelena Mrdakovicinfo:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2024-02-22T12:13:50Zoai:ria.ua.pt:10773/37774Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-20T03:08:22.917636Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
A methodology for the systematic identification of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) |
title |
A methodology for the systematic identification of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) |
spellingShingle |
A methodology for the systematic identification of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) Michalik, Boguslaw Naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) NORM inventory Uranium Thorium Harmonisation Radiation protection |
title_short |
A methodology for the systematic identification of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) |
title_full |
A methodology for the systematic identification of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) |
title_fullStr |
A methodology for the systematic identification of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) |
title_full_unstemmed |
A methodology for the systematic identification of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) |
title_sort |
A methodology for the systematic identification of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) |
author |
Michalik, Boguslaw |
author_facet |
Michalik, Boguslaw Dvorzhak, Alla Pereira, Ruth Lourenço, Joana Haanes, Hallvard Di Carlo, Christian Nuccetelli, Cristina Venoso, Gennaro Leonardi, Federica Trevisi, Rosabianca Trotti, Flavio Ugolini, Raffaella Pannecoucke, Lea Blanchart, Pascale Perez-Sanchez, Danyl Real, Almudena Escribano, Alicia Fevrier, Laureline Kallio, Antti Skipperud, Lindis Jerome, Simon Mark Popic, Jelena Mrdakovic |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Dvorzhak, Alla Pereira, Ruth Lourenço, Joana Haanes, Hallvard Di Carlo, Christian Nuccetelli, Cristina Venoso, Gennaro Leonardi, Federica Trevisi, Rosabianca Trotti, Flavio Ugolini, Raffaella Pannecoucke, Lea Blanchart, Pascale Perez-Sanchez, Danyl Real, Almudena Escribano, Alicia Fevrier, Laureline Kallio, Antti Skipperud, Lindis Jerome, Simon Mark Popic, Jelena Mrdakovic |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Michalik, Boguslaw Dvorzhak, Alla Pereira, Ruth Lourenço, Joana Haanes, Hallvard Di Carlo, Christian Nuccetelli, Cristina Venoso, Gennaro Leonardi, Federica Trevisi, Rosabianca Trotti, Flavio Ugolini, Raffaella Pannecoucke, Lea Blanchart, Pascale Perez-Sanchez, Danyl Real, Almudena Escribano, Alicia Fevrier, Laureline Kallio, Antti Skipperud, Lindis Jerome, Simon Mark Popic, Jelena Mrdakovic |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) NORM inventory Uranium Thorium Harmonisation Radiation protection |
topic |
Naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) NORM inventory Uranium Thorium Harmonisation Radiation protection |
description |
Naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) are present worldwide and under certain circumstances (e.g., human activities) may give radiation exposure to workers, local public or occasional visitors and non-human biota (NHB) of the surrounding ecosystems. This may occur during planned or existing exposure situations which, under current radiation protection standards, require identification, management, and regulatory control as for other practices associated with man-made radionuclides that may result in the exposure of people and NHB. However, knowledge gaps exist with respect to the extent of global and European NORM exposure situations and their exposure scenario characteristics, including information on the presence of other physical hazards, such as chemical and biological ones. One of the main reasons for this is the wide variety of industries, practices and situations that may utilise NORM. Additionally, the lack of a comprehensive methodology for identification of NORM exposure situations and the absence of tools to support a systematic characterisation and data collection at identified sites may also lead to a gap in knowledge. Within the EURATOM Horizon 2020 RadoNorm project, a methodology for systematic NORM exposure identification has been developed. The methodology, containing consecutive tiers, comprehensively covers situations where NORM may occur (i.e., minerals and raw materials deposits, industrial activities, industrial products and residues and their applications, waste, legacies), and thus, allows detailed investigation and complete identification of situations where NORM may present a radiation protection concern in a country. Details of the tiered methodology, with practical examples on harmonised data collection using a variety of existing sources of information to establish NORM inventories, are presented in this paper. This methodology is flexible and thus applicable to a diversity of situations. It is intended to be used to make NORM inventory starting from the scratch, however it can be used also to systematise and complete existing data. |
publishDate |
2023 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-07-10T00:00:00Z 2023-07-10 2025-07-10T00:00:00Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10773/37774 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10773/37774 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
0048-9697 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163324 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess |
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embargoedAccess |
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application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Elsevier |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Elsevier |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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