Factors controlling the depth habitat of planktonic foraminifera in the subtropical eastern North Atlantic

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Rebotim, Andreia
Data de Publicação: 2017
Outros Autores: Voelker, Antje, Jonkers, Lukas, Waniek, Joanna J., Meggers, Helge, Schiebel, Ralf, Fraile, Igaratza, Schulz, Michael, Kucera, Michal
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/11326
Resumo: Planktonic foraminifera preserved in marine sediments archive the physical and chemical conditions under which they built their shells. To interpret the paleoceano-graphic information contained in fossil foraminifera, the recorded proxy signals have to be attributed to the habitat and life cycle characteristics of individual species. Much of our knowledge on habitat depth is based on indirect methods, which reconstruct the depth at which the largest portion of the shell has been calcified. However, habitat depth can be best studied by direct observations in stratified plankton nets. Here we present a synthesis of living planktonic foraminifera abundance data in vertically resolved plankton net hauls taken in the eastern North Atlantic during 12 oceanographic campaigns between 1995 and 2012. Live (cytoplasm-bearing) specimens were counted for each depth interval and the vertical habitat at each station was expressed as average living depth (ALD). This allows us to differentiate species showing an ALD consistently in the upper 100m (e.g., Globigerinoides ruber white and pink), indicating a shallow habitat; species occurring from the surface to the subsurface (e.g., Globigerina bulloides, Globorotalia inflata, Globorotalia truncatulinoides); and species inhabiting the subsurface (e.g., Globorotalia scitula and Globorotalia hirsuta). For 17 species with variable ALD, we assessed whether their depth habitat at a given station could be predicted by mixed layer (ML) depth, temperature in the ML and chlorophyll a concentration in the ML. The influence of seasonal and lunar cycle on the depth habitat was also tested using periodic regression. In 11 out of the 17 tested species, ALD variation appears to have a predictable component. All of the tested parameters were significant in at least one case, with both seasonal and lunar cyclicity as well as the environmental parameters explaining up to >50% of the variance. Thus, G. truncatulinoides, G. hirsuta and G. scitula appear to descend in the water column towards the summer, whereas populations of Trilobatus sacculifer appear to descend in the water column towards the new moon. In all other species, properties of the mixed layer explained more of the observed variance than the periodic models. Chlorophyll a concentration seems least important for ALD, whilst shoaling of the habitat with deepening of the ML is observed most frequently. We observe both shoaling and deepening of species habitat with increasing temperature. Further, we observe that temperature and seawater density at the depth of the ALD were not equally variable among the studied species, and their variability showed no consistent relationship with depth habitat. According to our results, depth habitat of individual species changes in response to different environmental and ontogenetic factors and consequently planktonic foraminifera exhibit not only species-specific mean habitat depths but also species-specific changes in habitat depth.
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spelling Factors controlling the depth habitat of planktonic foraminifera in the subtropical eastern North AtlanticCanary-Islands regionGlobigerinoides-sacculifer bradySurface-water propertiesIsotopic compositionAzores currentVertical-distributionInterannual variabilityPopulation-dynamicsOrbulina-UniversaIberian MarginPlanktonic foraminifera preserved in marine sediments archive the physical and chemical conditions under which they built their shells. To interpret the paleoceano-graphic information contained in fossil foraminifera, the recorded proxy signals have to be attributed to the habitat and life cycle characteristics of individual species. Much of our knowledge on habitat depth is based on indirect methods, which reconstruct the depth at which the largest portion of the shell has been calcified. However, habitat depth can be best studied by direct observations in stratified plankton nets. Here we present a synthesis of living planktonic foraminifera abundance data in vertically resolved plankton net hauls taken in the eastern North Atlantic during 12 oceanographic campaigns between 1995 and 2012. Live (cytoplasm-bearing) specimens were counted for each depth interval and the vertical habitat at each station was expressed as average living depth (ALD). This allows us to differentiate species showing an ALD consistently in the upper 100m (e.g., Globigerinoides ruber white and pink), indicating a shallow habitat; species occurring from the surface to the subsurface (e.g., Globigerina bulloides, Globorotalia inflata, Globorotalia truncatulinoides); and species inhabiting the subsurface (e.g., Globorotalia scitula and Globorotalia hirsuta). For 17 species with variable ALD, we assessed whether their depth habitat at a given station could be predicted by mixed layer (ML) depth, temperature in the ML and chlorophyll a concentration in the ML. The influence of seasonal and lunar cycle on the depth habitat was also tested using periodic regression. In 11 out of the 17 tested species, ALD variation appears to have a predictable component. All of the tested parameters were significant in at least one case, with both seasonal and lunar cyclicity as well as the environmental parameters explaining up to >50% of the variance. Thus, G. truncatulinoides, G. hirsuta and G. scitula appear to descend in the water column towards the summer, whereas populations of Trilobatus sacculifer appear to descend in the water column towards the new moon. In all other species, properties of the mixed layer explained more of the observed variance than the periodic models. Chlorophyll a concentration seems least important for ALD, whilst shoaling of the habitat with deepening of the ML is observed most frequently. We observe both shoaling and deepening of species habitat with increasing temperature. Further, we observe that temperature and seawater density at the depth of the ALD were not equally variable among the studied species, and their variability showed no consistent relationship with depth habitat. According to our results, depth habitat of individual species changes in response to different environmental and ontogenetic factors and consequently planktonic foraminifera exhibit not only species-specific mean habitat depths but also species-specific changes in habitat depth.Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) [SFRH/BD/78016/2011]; MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; European Union [228344-EUROFLEETS]; DFG (German Research Foundation) [WA2175/2-1, WA2175/4-1]; German Climate Modeling consortium PalMod - German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF); CANIGO project (EU) [MAS-CT96-0060]; DFGCopernicus Gesellschaft MbhSapientiaRebotim, AndreiaVoelker, AntjeJonkers, LukasWaniek, Joanna J.Meggers, HelgeSchiebel, RalfFraile, IgaratzaSchulz, MichaelKucera, Michal2018-12-07T14:53:03Z2017-022017-02-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/11326eng1726-417010.5194/bg-14-827-2017info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-07-24T10:23:06Zoai:sapientia.ualg.pt:10400.1/11326Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T20:02:50.930388Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Factors controlling the depth habitat of planktonic foraminifera in the subtropical eastern North Atlantic
title Factors controlling the depth habitat of planktonic foraminifera in the subtropical eastern North Atlantic
spellingShingle Factors controlling the depth habitat of planktonic foraminifera in the subtropical eastern North Atlantic
Rebotim, Andreia
Canary-Islands region
Globigerinoides-sacculifer brady
Surface-water properties
Isotopic composition
Azores current
Vertical-distribution
Interannual variability
Population-dynamics
Orbulina-Universa
Iberian Margin
title_short Factors controlling the depth habitat of planktonic foraminifera in the subtropical eastern North Atlantic
title_full Factors controlling the depth habitat of planktonic foraminifera in the subtropical eastern North Atlantic
title_fullStr Factors controlling the depth habitat of planktonic foraminifera in the subtropical eastern North Atlantic
title_full_unstemmed Factors controlling the depth habitat of planktonic foraminifera in the subtropical eastern North Atlantic
title_sort Factors controlling the depth habitat of planktonic foraminifera in the subtropical eastern North Atlantic
author Rebotim, Andreia
author_facet Rebotim, Andreia
Voelker, Antje
Jonkers, Lukas
Waniek, Joanna J.
Meggers, Helge
Schiebel, Ralf
Fraile, Igaratza
Schulz, Michael
Kucera, Michal
author_role author
author2 Voelker, Antje
Jonkers, Lukas
Waniek, Joanna J.
Meggers, Helge
Schiebel, Ralf
Fraile, Igaratza
Schulz, Michael
Kucera, Michal
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Sapientia
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Rebotim, Andreia
Voelker, Antje
Jonkers, Lukas
Waniek, Joanna J.
Meggers, Helge
Schiebel, Ralf
Fraile, Igaratza
Schulz, Michael
Kucera, Michal
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Canary-Islands region
Globigerinoides-sacculifer brady
Surface-water properties
Isotopic composition
Azores current
Vertical-distribution
Interannual variability
Population-dynamics
Orbulina-Universa
Iberian Margin
topic Canary-Islands region
Globigerinoides-sacculifer brady
Surface-water properties
Isotopic composition
Azores current
Vertical-distribution
Interannual variability
Population-dynamics
Orbulina-Universa
Iberian Margin
description Planktonic foraminifera preserved in marine sediments archive the physical and chemical conditions under which they built their shells. To interpret the paleoceano-graphic information contained in fossil foraminifera, the recorded proxy signals have to be attributed to the habitat and life cycle characteristics of individual species. Much of our knowledge on habitat depth is based on indirect methods, which reconstruct the depth at which the largest portion of the shell has been calcified. However, habitat depth can be best studied by direct observations in stratified plankton nets. Here we present a synthesis of living planktonic foraminifera abundance data in vertically resolved plankton net hauls taken in the eastern North Atlantic during 12 oceanographic campaigns between 1995 and 2012. Live (cytoplasm-bearing) specimens were counted for each depth interval and the vertical habitat at each station was expressed as average living depth (ALD). This allows us to differentiate species showing an ALD consistently in the upper 100m (e.g., Globigerinoides ruber white and pink), indicating a shallow habitat; species occurring from the surface to the subsurface (e.g., Globigerina bulloides, Globorotalia inflata, Globorotalia truncatulinoides); and species inhabiting the subsurface (e.g., Globorotalia scitula and Globorotalia hirsuta). For 17 species with variable ALD, we assessed whether their depth habitat at a given station could be predicted by mixed layer (ML) depth, temperature in the ML and chlorophyll a concentration in the ML. The influence of seasonal and lunar cycle on the depth habitat was also tested using periodic regression. In 11 out of the 17 tested species, ALD variation appears to have a predictable component. All of the tested parameters were significant in at least one case, with both seasonal and lunar cyclicity as well as the environmental parameters explaining up to >50% of the variance. Thus, G. truncatulinoides, G. hirsuta and G. scitula appear to descend in the water column towards the summer, whereas populations of Trilobatus sacculifer appear to descend in the water column towards the new moon. In all other species, properties of the mixed layer explained more of the observed variance than the periodic models. Chlorophyll a concentration seems least important for ALD, whilst shoaling of the habitat with deepening of the ML is observed most frequently. We observe both shoaling and deepening of species habitat with increasing temperature. Further, we observe that temperature and seawater density at the depth of the ALD were not equally variable among the studied species, and their variability showed no consistent relationship with depth habitat. According to our results, depth habitat of individual species changes in response to different environmental and ontogenetic factors and consequently planktonic foraminifera exhibit not only species-specific mean habitat depths but also species-specific changes in habitat depth.
publishDate 2017
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2017-02
2017-02-01T00:00:00Z
2018-12-07T14:53:03Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/11326
url http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/11326
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv 1726-4170
10.5194/bg-14-827-2017
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Copernicus Gesellschaft Mbh
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Copernicus Gesellschaft Mbh
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
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