Intra- and inter-individual variability in the underwater pull-out technique in 200 m breaststroke turns
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2023 |
Outros Autores: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10400.15/4396 |
Resumo: | The purpose of the present study was to investigate the intra- and inter-individual variability in arm-leg coordination during the underwater phase of the turn segment in 200 m breaststroke. Thirteen male swimmers were recruited and performed a 200 m breaststroke in a pre-calibrated 25 m pool. Sub-phases during the underwater segment were obtained using a notational analysis, and the mean velocity, displacement and duration during each sub-phase were obtained. A hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was performed using the analyzed variables in all phases to identify inter-individual variability and random intra-individual variability. In addition, a linear mixed model (LMM: lap as a fixed effect and the participant as a random effect) was conducted to investigate systematic intra-individual variability. HCA identified three coordination patterns that were distinguished by the timing of the dolphin kick relative to the arm pull-out and the duration of the glide with arms at the side. All swimmers except one performed the arm pull-out after the dolphin kick. Nine swimmers maintained one coordination pattern, but other swimmers switched their coordination during the trial, particularly by shortening the duration of the glide with arms at the side. LMM showed a linear decrease (from the first to the last turn) in the time gap between the end of the dolphin kick and the start of the arm pull-out (a glide with the streamlined body position; F = 9.64, p = 0.034) and the glide duration with the arms at the side (F = 11.66, p = 0.015). In conclusion, both inter- and intra-individual variabilities during the underwater phase were evident in 200 m breaststroke turns, which were categorized into three patterns based on the timing of the dolphin kick and the duration of glides. |
id |
RCAP_727ce36b9fc45d55579a86e5cf83fb38 |
---|---|
oai_identifier_str |
oai:repositorio.ipsantarem.pt:10400.15/4396 |
network_acronym_str |
RCAP |
network_name_str |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
repository_id_str |
7160 |
spelling |
Intra- and inter-individual variability in the underwater pull-out technique in 200 m breaststroke turnsThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the intra- and inter-individual variability in arm-leg coordination during the underwater phase of the turn segment in 200 m breaststroke. Thirteen male swimmers were recruited and performed a 200 m breaststroke in a pre-calibrated 25 m pool. Sub-phases during the underwater segment were obtained using a notational analysis, and the mean velocity, displacement and duration during each sub-phase were obtained. A hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was performed using the analyzed variables in all phases to identify inter-individual variability and random intra-individual variability. In addition, a linear mixed model (LMM: lap as a fixed effect and the participant as a random effect) was conducted to investigate systematic intra-individual variability. HCA identified three coordination patterns that were distinguished by the timing of the dolphin kick relative to the arm pull-out and the duration of the glide with arms at the side. All swimmers except one performed the arm pull-out after the dolphin kick. Nine swimmers maintained one coordination pattern, but other swimmers switched their coordination during the trial, particularly by shortening the duration of the glide with arms at the side. LMM showed a linear decrease (from the first to the last turn) in the time gap between the end of the dolphin kick and the start of the arm pull-out (a glide with the streamlined body position; F = 9.64, p = 0.034) and the glide duration with the arms at the side (F = 11.66, p = 0.015). In conclusion, both inter- and intra-individual variabilities during the underwater phase were evident in 200 m breaststroke turns, which were categorized into three patterns based on the timing of the dolphin kick and the duration of glides.PLoS ONERepositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico de SantarémGonjo, TomohiroOlstad, BjørnStastny, JanConceição, AnaSeifert, Ludovic2023-04-12T16:28:06Z20232023-01-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.15/4396engGonjo T, Olstad BH, Sˇˇtastny´ J., Conceição A. & Seifert L. (2023) Intra- and inter-individual variability in the underwater pull-out technique in 200 m breaststroke turns. PLoS ONE 18(3): e0283234. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0283234https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0283234info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2024-01-21T07:37:44Zoai:repositorio.ipsantarem.pt:10400.15/4396Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-20T01:56:00.503346Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Intra- and inter-individual variability in the underwater pull-out technique in 200 m breaststroke turns |
title |
Intra- and inter-individual variability in the underwater pull-out technique in 200 m breaststroke turns |
spellingShingle |
Intra- and inter-individual variability in the underwater pull-out technique in 200 m breaststroke turns Gonjo, Tomohiro |
title_short |
Intra- and inter-individual variability in the underwater pull-out technique in 200 m breaststroke turns |
title_full |
Intra- and inter-individual variability in the underwater pull-out technique in 200 m breaststroke turns |
title_fullStr |
Intra- and inter-individual variability in the underwater pull-out technique in 200 m breaststroke turns |
title_full_unstemmed |
Intra- and inter-individual variability in the underwater pull-out technique in 200 m breaststroke turns |
title_sort |
Intra- and inter-individual variability in the underwater pull-out technique in 200 m breaststroke turns |
author |
Gonjo, Tomohiro |
author_facet |
Gonjo, Tomohiro Olstad, Bjørn Stastny, Jan Conceição, Ana Seifert, Ludovic |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Olstad, Bjørn Stastny, Jan Conceição, Ana Seifert, Ludovic |
author2_role |
author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico de Santarém |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Gonjo, Tomohiro Olstad, Bjørn Stastny, Jan Conceição, Ana Seifert, Ludovic |
description |
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the intra- and inter-individual variability in arm-leg coordination during the underwater phase of the turn segment in 200 m breaststroke. Thirteen male swimmers were recruited and performed a 200 m breaststroke in a pre-calibrated 25 m pool. Sub-phases during the underwater segment were obtained using a notational analysis, and the mean velocity, displacement and duration during each sub-phase were obtained. A hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was performed using the analyzed variables in all phases to identify inter-individual variability and random intra-individual variability. In addition, a linear mixed model (LMM: lap as a fixed effect and the participant as a random effect) was conducted to investigate systematic intra-individual variability. HCA identified three coordination patterns that were distinguished by the timing of the dolphin kick relative to the arm pull-out and the duration of the glide with arms at the side. All swimmers except one performed the arm pull-out after the dolphin kick. Nine swimmers maintained one coordination pattern, but other swimmers switched their coordination during the trial, particularly by shortening the duration of the glide with arms at the side. LMM showed a linear decrease (from the first to the last turn) in the time gap between the end of the dolphin kick and the start of the arm pull-out (a glide with the streamlined body position; F = 9.64, p = 0.034) and the glide duration with the arms at the side (F = 11.66, p = 0.015). In conclusion, both inter- and intra-individual variabilities during the underwater phase were evident in 200 m breaststroke turns, which were categorized into three patterns based on the timing of the dolphin kick and the duration of glides. |
publishDate |
2023 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-04-12T16:28:06Z 2023 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.15/4396 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.15/4396 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Gonjo T, Olstad BH, Sˇˇtastny´ J., Conceição A. & Seifert L. (2023) Intra- and inter-individual variability in the underwater pull-out technique in 200 m breaststroke turns. PLoS ONE 18(3): e0283234. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0283234 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0283234 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
PLoS ONE |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
PLoS ONE |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
instname_str |
Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
instacron_str |
RCAAP |
institution |
RCAAP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
collection |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
_version_ |
1799137048809963520 |