Toxicological effects induced by the biocide triclosan on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2021 |
Outros Autores: | |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/1822/71283 |
Resumo: | Triclosan, a widely used biocide broadly found in aquatic environments, is cause of concern due to its unknown effects on non-targets organisms. In this study, a multi biomarker approach was used in order to evaluate the 72?h-effect of triclosan on the freshwater alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. Triclosan, at environmental relevant concentrations (27 and 37?µg L-1), caused a decrease of proliferative capacity, which was accompanied by an increase of cell size and a profound alteration of algae shape. It was found that triclosan promoted the intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species, the depletion of non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses (reduced glutathione and carotenoids) and a decrease of cell metabolic activity. A reduction of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a and b) was also observed. For the highest concentration tested (37 µg L-1), a decrease of photosynthetic efficiency was detected along with a diminution of the relative transport rate of electrons on the photosynthetic chain. In conclusion, triclosan presents a deep impact on the microalga P. subcapitata morphology and physiology translated by multiple target sites instead of a specific point (cellular membrane) observed in the target organism (bacteria). Additionally, this study contributes to clarify the toxicity mechanisms of triclosan, in green algae, showing the existence of distinct modes of action of the biocide depending on the microalga. |
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Toxicological effects induced by the biocide triclosan on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitatacell size and shapeoxidative stressantioxidant defensesphotosynthesismetabolic activityScience & TechnologyTriclosan, a widely used biocide broadly found in aquatic environments, is cause of concern due to its unknown effects on non-targets organisms. In this study, a multi biomarker approach was used in order to evaluate the 72?h-effect of triclosan on the freshwater alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. Triclosan, at environmental relevant concentrations (27 and 37?µg L-1), caused a decrease of proliferative capacity, which was accompanied by an increase of cell size and a profound alteration of algae shape. It was found that triclosan promoted the intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species, the depletion of non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses (reduced glutathione and carotenoids) and a decrease of cell metabolic activity. A reduction of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a and b) was also observed. For the highest concentration tested (37 µg L-1), a decrease of photosynthetic efficiency was detected along with a diminution of the relative transport rate of electrons on the photosynthetic chain. In conclusion, triclosan presents a deep impact on the microalga P. subcapitata morphology and physiology translated by multiple target sites instead of a specific point (cellular membrane) observed in the target organism (bacteria). Additionally, this study contributes to clarify the toxicity mechanisms of triclosan, in green algae, showing the existence of distinct modes of action of the biocide depending on the microalga.This study was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of UID/BIO/04469/2020 unit and BioTecNorte operation (NORTE-01-0145- FEDER-000004) funded by the European Regional Development Fund under the scope of Norte2020 - Programa Operacional Regional do Norte.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionElsevierUniversidade do MinhoMachado, Maria Manuela DiasSoares, Eduardo V.20212021-01-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/1822/71283engMachado, Manuela D.; Soares, Eduardo V., Toxicological effects induced by the biocide triclosan on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. Aquatic Toxicology, 230(105706), 20210166-445X10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.10570633302172105706http://www.journals.elsevier.com/aquatic-toxicology/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-07-21T12:34:19Zoai:repositorium.sdum.uminho.pt:1822/71283Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T19:29:59.404017Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Toxicological effects induced by the biocide triclosan on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata |
title |
Toxicological effects induced by the biocide triclosan on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata |
spellingShingle |
Toxicological effects induced by the biocide triclosan on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata Machado, Maria Manuela Dias cell size and shape oxidative stress antioxidant defenses photosynthesis metabolic activity Science & Technology |
title_short |
Toxicological effects induced by the biocide triclosan on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata |
title_full |
Toxicological effects induced by the biocide triclosan on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata |
title_fullStr |
Toxicological effects induced by the biocide triclosan on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata |
title_full_unstemmed |
Toxicological effects induced by the biocide triclosan on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata |
title_sort |
Toxicological effects induced by the biocide triclosan on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata |
author |
Machado, Maria Manuela Dias |
author_facet |
Machado, Maria Manuela Dias Soares, Eduardo V. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Soares, Eduardo V. |
author2_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade do Minho |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Machado, Maria Manuela Dias Soares, Eduardo V. |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
cell size and shape oxidative stress antioxidant defenses photosynthesis metabolic activity Science & Technology |
topic |
cell size and shape oxidative stress antioxidant defenses photosynthesis metabolic activity Science & Technology |
description |
Triclosan, a widely used biocide broadly found in aquatic environments, is cause of concern due to its unknown effects on non-targets organisms. In this study, a multi biomarker approach was used in order to evaluate the 72?h-effect of triclosan on the freshwater alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. Triclosan, at environmental relevant concentrations (27 and 37?µg L-1), caused a decrease of proliferative capacity, which was accompanied by an increase of cell size and a profound alteration of algae shape. It was found that triclosan promoted the intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species, the depletion of non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses (reduced glutathione and carotenoids) and a decrease of cell metabolic activity. A reduction of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a and b) was also observed. For the highest concentration tested (37 µg L-1), a decrease of photosynthetic efficiency was detected along with a diminution of the relative transport rate of electrons on the photosynthetic chain. In conclusion, triclosan presents a deep impact on the microalga P. subcapitata morphology and physiology translated by multiple target sites instead of a specific point (cellular membrane) observed in the target organism (bacteria). Additionally, this study contributes to clarify the toxicity mechanisms of triclosan, in green algae, showing the existence of distinct modes of action of the biocide depending on the microalga. |
publishDate |
2021 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2021 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/1822/71283 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1822/71283 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Machado, Manuela D.; Soares, Eduardo V., Toxicological effects induced by the biocide triclosan on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. Aquatic Toxicology, 230(105706), 2021 0166-445X 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105706 33302172 105706 http://www.journals.elsevier.com/aquatic-toxicology/ |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Elsevier |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Elsevier |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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RCAAP |
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RCAAP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
collection |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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