Detecting biased language in court decisions
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2021 |
Outros Autores: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | https://doi.org/10.26334/2183-9077/rapln8ano2021a14 |
Resumo: | The linguistic expression of subjectivity is a complex phenomenon that has been the object of reflection by several sub-areas of Linguistics and, more recently, of Computational Linguistics. Linguistic subjectivity, in terms of the linguistic expression of the speaker's opinions and attitudes, affects all levels of discourse organization and is present, to different degrees, in diverse textual genres. Subjectivity and bias are connected, in the sense that the presence of bias in discourse has been related, both in Linguistics and Computational Linguistics, to the occurrence of signs of subjectivity. Court decisions are an argumentative text genre that may convey traces of subjectivity but should not be biased. As a discourse that represents the State’s position on social matters, it should reflect the principle of Equality. Nonetheless, a preliminary analysis of cases of gender violence reveals that this is not always the case. The research proposed in this paper aims to study the linguistic formulations that convey subjectivity and bias in court decisions on gender violence against women. The goal is to develop a linguistic model to detect these instances of bias, with a future possibility of application in a tool for automatic detection of gender bias in discourse, fueled by Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques. A corpus of court decisions on gender violence has been extracted from the public access database of Instituto de Gestão Financeira e Equipamentos da Justiça (IGFEJ), and has been subject to analysis. A set of examples has been compiled in the analytical section of this study, demonstrating the possibility of connecting certain linguistic features, such as mitigation and intensification mechanisms, evidential expressions and counter-argumentative movements, to the presence of subjectivity and bias in discourse. |
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Detecting biased language in court decisionsDeteção de linguagem tendenciosa em decisões judiciaisSubjetividadeBias linguísticoSentenças judiciaisAnálise do DiscursoProcessamento de Linguagem NaturalSubjectivityLinguistic BiasCourt decisionsDiscourse AnalysisNatural Language ProcessingThe linguistic expression of subjectivity is a complex phenomenon that has been the object of reflection by several sub-areas of Linguistics and, more recently, of Computational Linguistics. Linguistic subjectivity, in terms of the linguistic expression of the speaker's opinions and attitudes, affects all levels of discourse organization and is present, to different degrees, in diverse textual genres. Subjectivity and bias are connected, in the sense that the presence of bias in discourse has been related, both in Linguistics and Computational Linguistics, to the occurrence of signs of subjectivity. Court decisions are an argumentative text genre that may convey traces of subjectivity but should not be biased. As a discourse that represents the State’s position on social matters, it should reflect the principle of Equality. Nonetheless, a preliminary analysis of cases of gender violence reveals that this is not always the case. The research proposed in this paper aims to study the linguistic formulations that convey subjectivity and bias in court decisions on gender violence against women. The goal is to develop a linguistic model to detect these instances of bias, with a future possibility of application in a tool for automatic detection of gender bias in discourse, fueled by Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques. A corpus of court decisions on gender violence has been extracted from the public access database of Instituto de Gestão Financeira e Equipamentos da Justiça (IGFEJ), and has been subject to analysis. A set of examples has been compiled in the analytical section of this study, demonstrating the possibility of connecting certain linguistic features, such as mitigation and intensification mechanisms, evidential expressions and counter-argumentative movements, to the presence of subjectivity and bias in discourse.Associação Portuguesa de Linguística2021-10-16info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://doi.org/10.26334/2183-9077/rapln8ano2021a14https://doi.org/10.26334/2183-9077/rapln8ano2021a14Revista da Associação Portuguesa de Linguística; No. 8 (2021): Journal of the Portuguese Linguistics Association; 203-217Revista da Associação Portuguesa de Linguística; N.º 8 (2021): Revista da Associação Portuguesa de Linguística; 203-2172183-9077reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAPporhttps://ojs.apl.pt/index.php/rapl/article/view/128https://ojs.apl.pt/index.php/rapl/article/view/128/125Direitos de Autor (c) 2021 Alexandra Guedes Pinto, Catarina Vaz Warrot, Henrique Lopes Cardoso, Isabel Margarida Duarte, Rui Sousa-Silvainfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessPinto, Alexandra GuedesWarrot, Catarina VazCardoso, Henrique LopesDuarte, Isabel MargaridaSousa-Silva, Rui2023-12-02T10:17:52Zoai:ojs3.ojs.apl.pt:article/128Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T20:36:02.075299Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Detecting biased language in court decisions Deteção de linguagem tendenciosa em decisões judiciais |
title |
Detecting biased language in court decisions |
spellingShingle |
Detecting biased language in court decisions Pinto, Alexandra Guedes Subjetividade Bias linguístico Sentenças judiciais Análise do Discurso Processamento de Linguagem Natural Subjectivity Linguistic Bias Court decisions Discourse Analysis Natural Language Processing |
title_short |
Detecting biased language in court decisions |
title_full |
Detecting biased language in court decisions |
title_fullStr |
Detecting biased language in court decisions |
title_full_unstemmed |
Detecting biased language in court decisions |
title_sort |
Detecting biased language in court decisions |
author |
Pinto, Alexandra Guedes |
author_facet |
Pinto, Alexandra Guedes Warrot, Catarina Vaz Cardoso, Henrique Lopes Duarte, Isabel Margarida Sousa-Silva, Rui |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Warrot, Catarina Vaz Cardoso, Henrique Lopes Duarte, Isabel Margarida Sousa-Silva, Rui |
author2_role |
author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Pinto, Alexandra Guedes Warrot, Catarina Vaz Cardoso, Henrique Lopes Duarte, Isabel Margarida Sousa-Silva, Rui |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Subjetividade Bias linguístico Sentenças judiciais Análise do Discurso Processamento de Linguagem Natural Subjectivity Linguistic Bias Court decisions Discourse Analysis Natural Language Processing |
topic |
Subjetividade Bias linguístico Sentenças judiciais Análise do Discurso Processamento de Linguagem Natural Subjectivity Linguistic Bias Court decisions Discourse Analysis Natural Language Processing |
description |
The linguistic expression of subjectivity is a complex phenomenon that has been the object of reflection by several sub-areas of Linguistics and, more recently, of Computational Linguistics. Linguistic subjectivity, in terms of the linguistic expression of the speaker's opinions and attitudes, affects all levels of discourse organization and is present, to different degrees, in diverse textual genres. Subjectivity and bias are connected, in the sense that the presence of bias in discourse has been related, both in Linguistics and Computational Linguistics, to the occurrence of signs of subjectivity. Court decisions are an argumentative text genre that may convey traces of subjectivity but should not be biased. As a discourse that represents the State’s position on social matters, it should reflect the principle of Equality. Nonetheless, a preliminary analysis of cases of gender violence reveals that this is not always the case. The research proposed in this paper aims to study the linguistic formulations that convey subjectivity and bias in court decisions on gender violence against women. The goal is to develop a linguistic model to detect these instances of bias, with a future possibility of application in a tool for automatic detection of gender bias in discourse, fueled by Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques. A corpus of court decisions on gender violence has been extracted from the public access database of Instituto de Gestão Financeira e Equipamentos da Justiça (IGFEJ), and has been subject to analysis. A set of examples has been compiled in the analytical section of this study, demonstrating the possibility of connecting certain linguistic features, such as mitigation and intensification mechanisms, evidential expressions and counter-argumentative movements, to the presence of subjectivity and bias in discourse. |
publishDate |
2021 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-10-16 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://doi.org/10.26334/2183-9077/rapln8ano2021a14 https://doi.org/10.26334/2183-9077/rapln8ano2021a14 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.26334/2183-9077/rapln8ano2021a14 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://ojs.apl.pt/index.php/rapl/article/view/128 https://ojs.apl.pt/index.php/rapl/article/view/128/125 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Associação Portuguesa de Linguística |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Associação Portuguesa de Linguística |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Revista da Associação Portuguesa de Linguística; No. 8 (2021): Journal of the Portuguese Linguistics Association; 203-217 Revista da Associação Portuguesa de Linguística; N.º 8 (2021): Revista da Associação Portuguesa de Linguística; 203-217 2183-9077 reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
instname_str |
Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
instacron_str |
RCAAP |
institution |
RCAAP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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1799133623310352384 |