Combinação de métodos de discretização sem malha com otimização topológica estrutural na análise de problemas bidimensionais

• Autor(a) principal: Rajão, Rodrigo Miguel Martins
• Data de Publicação: 2023
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10400.22/23755
• topic: Structural optimization; Topology optimization; Meshless methods; Finite element Method; Otimização estrutural; Otimização da topologia; Métodos sem malha; Métodos de elementos finitos

The importance of preserving resources and protecting the environment is a major concern these days. In the field of engineering, optimized solutions are increasingly sought to obtain the final result avoiding unnecessary waste and expense, while maintaining the conditions of safety and structural resistance. Thus, the field of optimization has been growing significantly in recent years and is one of the main areas of study. With this in mind, several structural optimization techniques have been used through computationally numerical methods. The objective of the dissertation is to analyze the efficiency and effectiveness of these numerical methods when optimization algorithms are applied. The FEM (finite element method) for many years has been considered the best method of structural analysis thanks to its excellent results. However, when complex problems with difficult geometrics were analyzed, high distortions in the mesh affected the results obtained. Thus, meshless methods have emerged in order to overcome the existing mesh problems in the studies of the FEM since they do not need the mesh as the FEM but only the location of the nodes in the problem domain. Throughout the dissertation, the results obtained with meshless methods will be compared to the ones of FEM and their capabilities will be tested. Benchmark examples will be studied in order to calibrate and analyze what are the best parameters of the optimization algorithm and will also be applied this optimization algorithm in practical cases in order to generate a new and more optimized design.