Transa: Arquitectura brasileira entre o Modernismo e o Tropicalismo

• Autor(a) principal: Maria João Trigo Moutinho Rito
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/84700
• topic: Artes; Arts

Brazil from the "third world", opressor, paternalista but tropical. That is how it wouldbe, Brazil from the sixties, perceived by those who, aware of the political reality of the country,didn't accepted it's devaluation, condemning the stereotypes and creating an anti-colonialistposition. In between the words of Oswald de Andrade, there were referred registrations whichgenerated a path to the happiness of Brazil from before the Portuguese arrival. In the needingof getting away from the northeast provincialism, a group of people from Bahia was motivatedto move to Rio de Janeiro. From the cultural impact caused by that change, a new creativeuniverse arises, spread by several artistic fields and motivated by the crescent need of rupture.Underdevelopment emerges as a way to reach progress. The aim would be the creation of anindependent identity which was able to launch the country in the international art scene, goingagainst the military regime imposed in the country since 1964. Between the domestic routesfrom the destructive Tropicália, the hypocrisy personified in the play O Rei da Vela, the politicalviolence from the effusive film Terra em Transe and the exotic sonority of the new manifestosongs arises Tropicalismo. This moment, outcome of the intentional experimentation, leavesincontestable marks in the Brazilian arts development. Therefore, which is the architecture rolein this artistic context? Would art and architecture be in confrontation or would be allied?In architecture it was noticeable the enthusiasm motivated by the apotheoticinternational recognition after Brazil Builds (1943) and the subsequent construction ofthe expecting "cidade dos homens livres" - Brasília (inaugurated in 1960). However, thisarchitecture didn't show concern with the persisting social issues of the country. At the peak ofits activity, influenced by Le Corbusier lessons, reached a condition which, in a certain way, wasaway from the other arts and their proposals. Modernism proved to be the present alternative tothe colonial past, but, otherwise didn't seem worried with the social situation.Nevertheless, behind the curtain of the Planalto stage of Niemeyer and Lucio Costa,brutalized by musicians and cinematographers, an architectonic activism, less spread but notless serene, emerges, considering, as the other arts, the moment as a rupture. In that way, anhidden goal to complement the modernism success is revealed, experimental activities which,ideologically, would be a part in one of the richest periods of the cultural history of Brazil, till themoment. Short but remarkable, Tropicalismo dominated in a certain way the world perceptionof Brazil. However, would Tropicalismo be a part in the architectonic practice?