Surface electromyographic amplitude normalization methods: a review
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2012 |
Outros Autores: | |
Tipo de documento: | Livro |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | https://hdl.handle.net/10216/64430 |
Resumo: | The electromyogram is the summation of the motor unit action potentials occurringduring contraction measured at a given electrode location. The voltage potential of thesurface electromyographic signal detected by electrodes strongly depends on severalfactors, varying between individuals and also over time within an individual. Thus, theamplitude of the EMG signal itself is not useful in group comparisons, or to follow eventsover a long period of time. The fact that the recorded electromyographic amplitude isnever absolute is mainly because impedance varies between the active muscle fibers andelectrodes and its value is unknown. The EMG signal is highly variable and is dependentupon many factors. Thus, the amplitude of the temporally processed electromyographycan only be used to assess short-term changes in the activity of a single muscle from thesame individual when the electrode setup has not been altered. To allow comparison ofactivity between different muscles, across time, and between individuals, the EMG signalshould be normalized, i.e. expressed in relation to a reference value obtained duringstandardized and reproducible conditions. Notwithstanding the importance of electromyographic amplitude normalization,studies on functional activities, such as gait, do not seem to show a uniformmethodology. Taking this into account, the main purpose of this chapter is to review anddiscuss different normalization procedures to relate the most appropriate method forspecific situations, based on how the normalization method might influence datainterpretation. In addition, this review supports the development of proper normalizationprocedures for biomechanical studies of functional activities like human gait. |
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Surface electromyographic amplitude normalization methods: a reviewCiências Tecnológicas, Ciências da engenharia e tecnologiasTechnological sciences, Engineering and technologyThe electromyogram is the summation of the motor unit action potentials occurringduring contraction measured at a given electrode location. The voltage potential of thesurface electromyographic signal detected by electrodes strongly depends on severalfactors, varying between individuals and also over time within an individual. Thus, theamplitude of the EMG signal itself is not useful in group comparisons, or to follow eventsover a long period of time. The fact that the recorded electromyographic amplitude isnever absolute is mainly because impedance varies between the active muscle fibers andelectrodes and its value is unknown. The EMG signal is highly variable and is dependentupon many factors. Thus, the amplitude of the temporally processed electromyographycan only be used to assess short-term changes in the activity of a single muscle from thesame individual when the electrode setup has not been altered. To allow comparison ofactivity between different muscles, across time, and between individuals, the EMG signalshould be normalized, i.e. expressed in relation to a reference value obtained duringstandardized and reproducible conditions. Notwithstanding the importance of electromyographic amplitude normalization,studies on functional activities, such as gait, do not seem to show a uniformmethodology. Taking this into account, the main purpose of this chapter is to review anddiscuss different normalization procedures to relate the most appropriate method forspecific situations, based on how the normalization method might influence datainterpretation. In addition, this review supports the development of proper normalizationprocedures for biomechanical studies of functional activities like human gait.20122012-01-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/bookapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/10216/64430engAndreia S. P. SousaJoão Manuel R. S. Tavaresinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2024-09-27T08:59:02Zoai:repositorio-aberto.up.pt:10216/64430Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openairemluisa.alvim@gmail.comopendoar:71602024-09-27T08:59:02Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Surface electromyographic amplitude normalization methods: a review |
title |
Surface electromyographic amplitude normalization methods: a review |
spellingShingle |
Surface electromyographic amplitude normalization methods: a review Andreia S. P. Sousa Ciências Tecnológicas, Ciências da engenharia e tecnologias Technological sciences, Engineering and technology |
title_short |
Surface electromyographic amplitude normalization methods: a review |
title_full |
Surface electromyographic amplitude normalization methods: a review |
title_fullStr |
Surface electromyographic amplitude normalization methods: a review |
title_full_unstemmed |
Surface electromyographic amplitude normalization methods: a review |
title_sort |
Surface electromyographic amplitude normalization methods: a review |
author |
Andreia S. P. Sousa |
author_facet |
Andreia S. P. Sousa João Manuel R. S. Tavares |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
João Manuel R. S. Tavares |
author2_role |
author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Andreia S. P. Sousa João Manuel R. S. Tavares |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Ciências Tecnológicas, Ciências da engenharia e tecnologias Technological sciences, Engineering and technology |
topic |
Ciências Tecnológicas, Ciências da engenharia e tecnologias Technological sciences, Engineering and technology |
description |
The electromyogram is the summation of the motor unit action potentials occurringduring contraction measured at a given electrode location. The voltage potential of thesurface electromyographic signal detected by electrodes strongly depends on severalfactors, varying between individuals and also over time within an individual. Thus, theamplitude of the EMG signal itself is not useful in group comparisons, or to follow eventsover a long period of time. The fact that the recorded electromyographic amplitude isnever absolute is mainly because impedance varies between the active muscle fibers andelectrodes and its value is unknown. The EMG signal is highly variable and is dependentupon many factors. Thus, the amplitude of the temporally processed electromyographycan only be used to assess short-term changes in the activity of a single muscle from thesame individual when the electrode setup has not been altered. To allow comparison ofactivity between different muscles, across time, and between individuals, the EMG signalshould be normalized, i.e. expressed in relation to a reference value obtained duringstandardized and reproducible conditions. Notwithstanding the importance of electromyographic amplitude normalization,studies on functional activities, such as gait, do not seem to show a uniformmethodology. Taking this into account, the main purpose of this chapter is to review anddiscuss different normalization procedures to relate the most appropriate method forspecific situations, based on how the normalization method might influence datainterpretation. In addition, this review supports the development of proper normalizationprocedures for biomechanical studies of functional activities like human gait. |
publishDate |
2012 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2012 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/book |
format |
book |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://hdl.handle.net/10216/64430 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10216/64430 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
instname_str |
Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
instacron_str |
RCAAP |
institution |
RCAAP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
collection |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
mluisa.alvim@gmail.com |
_version_ |
1817548106760192001 |