From molecular to functional effects of different environmental lead exposure paradigms

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Shvachiy, Liana
Data de Publicação: 2022
Outros Autores: Amaro-Leal, Ângela, Outeiro, Tiago, Rocha, Isabel, Geraldes, Vera
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10451/57239
Resumo: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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spelling From molecular to functional effects of different environmental lead exposure paradigmsBaroreflex impairmentEnvironmental lead exposureHypertensionLong-term memory impairment© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Lead is a heavy metal whose widespread use has resulted in environmental contamination and significant health problems, particularly if the exposure occurs during developmental stages. It is a cumulative toxicant that affects multiple systems of the body, including the cardiovascular and nervous systems. Chronic lead exposure has been defined as a cause of behavioral changes, inflammation, hypertension, and autonomic dysfunction. However, different environmental lead exposure paradigms can occur, and the different effects of these have not been described in a broad comparative study. In the present study, rats of both sexes were exposed to water containing lead acetate (0.2% w/v), from the fetal period until adulthood. Developmental Pb-exposed (DevPb) pups were exposed to lead until 12 weeks of age (n = 13); intermittent Pb exposure (IntPb) pups drank leaded water until 12 weeks of age, tap water until 20 weeks, and leaded water for a second time from 20 to 28 weeks of age (n = 14); and the permanent (PerPb) exposure group were exposed to lead until 28 weeks of age (n = 14). A control group (without exposure, Ctrl), matched in age and sex was used. After exposure protocols, at 28 weeks of age, behavioral tests were performed for assessment of anxiety (elevated plus maze test), locomotor activity (open-field test), and memory (novel object recognition test). Metabolic parameters were evaluated for 24 h, and the acute experiment was carried out. Blood pressure (BP), electrocardiogram, and heart (HR) and respiratory (RF) rates were recorded. Baroreflex gain, chemoreflex sensitivity, and sympathovagal balance were calculated. Immunohistochemistry protocol for NeuN, Syn, Iba-1, and GFAP staining was performed. All Pb-exposed groups showed hypertension, concomitant with a decrease in baroreflex gain and chemoreceptor hypersensitivity, without significant changes in HR and RF. Long-term memory impairment associated with reactive astrogliosis and microgliosis in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, indicating the presence of neuroinflammation, was also observed. However, these alterations seemed to reverse after lead abstinence for a certain period (DevPb) and were enhanced when a second exposure occurred (IntPb), along with a synaptic loss. These results suggest that the duration of Pb exposure is more relevant than the timing of exposure, since the PerPb group presented more pronounced effects and a significant increase in the LF and HF bands and anxiety levels. In summary, this is the first study with the characterization and comparison of physiological, autonomic, behavioral, and molecular changes caused by different low-level environmental lead exposures, from the fetal period to adulthood, where the duration of exposure was the main factor for stronger adverse effects. These kinds of studies are of immense importance, showing the importance of the surrounding environment in health from childhood until adulthood, leading to the creation of new policies for toxicant usage control.L.S. is supported by the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), SFRH/BD/143286/2019. V.G. acknowledges the postdoctoral fellowship given by the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) (Ref: SFRH/BPD/119315/2016). T.F.O. is supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany’s Excellence Strategy, EXC 2067/1- 390729940, and by SFB1286 (B8).MDPIRepositório da Universidade de LisboaShvachiy, LianaAmaro-Leal, ÂngelaOuteiro, TiagoRocha, IsabelGeraldes, Vera2023-04-21T16:13:40Z20222022-01-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10451/57239engBiology (Basel). 2022 Aug 3;11(8):116410.3390/biology110811642079-7737info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2024-11-20T18:20:52Zoai:repositorio.ul.pt:10451/57239Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openairemluisa.alvim@gmail.comopendoar:71602024-11-20T18:20:52Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv From molecular to functional effects of different environmental lead exposure paradigms
title From molecular to functional effects of different environmental lead exposure paradigms
spellingShingle From molecular to functional effects of different environmental lead exposure paradigms
Shvachiy, Liana
Baroreflex impairment
Environmental lead exposure
Hypertension
Long-term memory impairment
title_short From molecular to functional effects of different environmental lead exposure paradigms
title_full From molecular to functional effects of different environmental lead exposure paradigms
title_fullStr From molecular to functional effects of different environmental lead exposure paradigms
title_full_unstemmed From molecular to functional effects of different environmental lead exposure paradigms
title_sort From molecular to functional effects of different environmental lead exposure paradigms
author Shvachiy, Liana
author_facet Shvachiy, Liana
Amaro-Leal, Ângela
Outeiro, Tiago
Rocha, Isabel
Geraldes, Vera
author_role author
author2 Amaro-Leal, Ângela
Outeiro, Tiago
Rocha, Isabel
Geraldes, Vera
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Shvachiy, Liana
Amaro-Leal, Ângela
Outeiro, Tiago
Rocha, Isabel
Geraldes, Vera
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Baroreflex impairment
Environmental lead exposure
Hypertension
Long-term memory impairment
topic Baroreflex impairment
Environmental lead exposure
Hypertension
Long-term memory impairment
description © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
publishDate 2022
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022
2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
2023-04-21T16:13:40Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10451/57239
url http://hdl.handle.net/10451/57239
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Biology (Basel). 2022 Aug 3;11(8):1164
10.3390/biology11081164
2079-7737
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
instacron:RCAAP
instname_str Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
instacron_str RCAAP
institution RCAAP
reponame_str Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
collection Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
repository.mail.fl_str_mv mluisa.alvim@gmail.com
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