Home-Advantage during COVID-19: An Analysis in Portuguese Football League

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Matos, Rui
Data de Publicação: 2021
Outros Autores: Monteiro, Diogo, Antunes, Raul, Mendes, Diogo, Botas, João, Clemente, João, Amaro, Nuno
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10400.15/3721
Resumo: Covid-19 pandemic forced, at the final rounds of 2019–2020 season, in many different sports leagues worldwide, teams to play without an audience. Therefore, the present paper aims to compare the home advantage score in the last ten rounds in the 2019–2020 season with the first 24 rounds in the same season using Pollard’s (1986) and Matos et al.’s (2020) methods. In addition, comparisons across different seasons (2016–2017; 2017–2018; 2018–2019 and 2019–2020) using the same methods were also analyzed. Results showed no differences (p > 0.05) between first 24 rounds and the last 10 in 2019–2020 season as well as in the 3 previous seasons. With Pollard’s method, no differences (p > 0.05) were also found among those four seasons on global (all 34 rounds) home advantage. However, a significance difference between 2017–2018 and 2019–2020 (p < 0.05) was founded using Matos et al.’s (2020) method, which is an indicator of the importance of using complementary methods when analyzing the same realities. Overall, despite what might be expectable from recent findings, the lack of an audience in the last 10 rounds of Portuguese Football League 2019–2020 season, due to COVID-19 pandemic, did not affect home advantage. Therefore, future studies could try to analyze other different variables in Portuguese Football League, such as referees’ behaviors, rules changing (e.g., the possibility of making five substitutions, instead of three), crowd dimension and density as well as include variables about odds as forecasts in football being played without crowds.
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spelling Home-Advantage during COVID-19: An Analysis in Portuguese Football LeagueHome advantageAttendancePandemicFootballPortuguese football leagueCovid-19 pandemic forced, at the final rounds of 2019–2020 season, in many different sports leagues worldwide, teams to play without an audience. Therefore, the present paper aims to compare the home advantage score in the last ten rounds in the 2019–2020 season with the first 24 rounds in the same season using Pollard’s (1986) and Matos et al.’s (2020) methods. In addition, comparisons across different seasons (2016–2017; 2017–2018; 2018–2019 and 2019–2020) using the same methods were also analyzed. Results showed no differences (p > 0.05) between first 24 rounds and the last 10 in 2019–2020 season as well as in the 3 previous seasons. With Pollard’s method, no differences (p > 0.05) were also found among those four seasons on global (all 34 rounds) home advantage. However, a significance difference between 2017–2018 and 2019–2020 (p < 0.05) was founded using Matos et al.’s (2020) method, which is an indicator of the importance of using complementary methods when analyzing the same realities. Overall, despite what might be expectable from recent findings, the lack of an audience in the last 10 rounds of Portuguese Football League 2019–2020 season, due to COVID-19 pandemic, did not affect home advantage. Therefore, future studies could try to analyze other different variables in Portuguese Football League, such as referees’ behaviors, rules changing (e.g., the possibility of making five substitutions, instead of three), crowd dimension and density as well as include variables about odds as forecasts in football being played without crowds.MDPIRepositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico de SantarémMatos, RuiMonteiro, DiogoAntunes, RaulMendes, DiogoBotas, JoãoClemente, JoãoAmaro, Nuno2021-11-15T21:17:22Z2021-04-042021-04-04T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.15/3721engMatos, R.; Monteiro, D.; Antunes, R.; Mendes, D.; Botas, J.; Clemente, J.; Amaro, N. Home-Advantage during COVID-19: An Analysis in Portuguese Football League. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 3761. https:// doi.org/10.3390/ijerph180737611661-782710.3390/ijerph18073761info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2024-01-21T07:35:45Zoai:repositorio.ipsantarem.pt:10400.15/3721Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-20T01:55:26.307711Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Home-Advantage during COVID-19: An Analysis in Portuguese Football League
title Home-Advantage during COVID-19: An Analysis in Portuguese Football League
spellingShingle Home-Advantage during COVID-19: An Analysis in Portuguese Football League
Matos, Rui
Home advantage
Attendance
Pandemic
Football
Portuguese football league
title_short Home-Advantage during COVID-19: An Analysis in Portuguese Football League
title_full Home-Advantage during COVID-19: An Analysis in Portuguese Football League
title_fullStr Home-Advantage during COVID-19: An Analysis in Portuguese Football League
title_full_unstemmed Home-Advantage during COVID-19: An Analysis in Portuguese Football League
title_sort Home-Advantage during COVID-19: An Analysis in Portuguese Football League
author Matos, Rui
author_facet Matos, Rui
Monteiro, Diogo
Antunes, Raul
Mendes, Diogo
Botas, João
Clemente, João
Amaro, Nuno
author_role author
author2 Monteiro, Diogo
Antunes, Raul
Mendes, Diogo
Botas, João
Clemente, João
Amaro, Nuno
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Repositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico de Santarém
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Matos, Rui
Monteiro, Diogo
Antunes, Raul
Mendes, Diogo
Botas, João
Clemente, João
Amaro, Nuno
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Home advantage
Attendance
Pandemic
Football
Portuguese football league
topic Home advantage
Attendance
Pandemic
Football
Portuguese football league
description Covid-19 pandemic forced, at the final rounds of 2019–2020 season, in many different sports leagues worldwide, teams to play without an audience. Therefore, the present paper aims to compare the home advantage score in the last ten rounds in the 2019–2020 season with the first 24 rounds in the same season using Pollard’s (1986) and Matos et al.’s (2020) methods. In addition, comparisons across different seasons (2016–2017; 2017–2018; 2018–2019 and 2019–2020) using the same methods were also analyzed. Results showed no differences (p > 0.05) between first 24 rounds and the last 10 in 2019–2020 season as well as in the 3 previous seasons. With Pollard’s method, no differences (p > 0.05) were also found among those four seasons on global (all 34 rounds) home advantage. However, a significance difference between 2017–2018 and 2019–2020 (p < 0.05) was founded using Matos et al.’s (2020) method, which is an indicator of the importance of using complementary methods when analyzing the same realities. Overall, despite what might be expectable from recent findings, the lack of an audience in the last 10 rounds of Portuguese Football League 2019–2020 season, due to COVID-19 pandemic, did not affect home advantage. Therefore, future studies could try to analyze other different variables in Portuguese Football League, such as referees’ behaviors, rules changing (e.g., the possibility of making five substitutions, instead of three), crowd dimension and density as well as include variables about odds as forecasts in football being played without crowds.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021-11-15T21:17:22Z
2021-04-04
2021-04-04T00:00:00Z
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format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10400.15/3721
url http://hdl.handle.net/10400.15/3721
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Matos, R.; Monteiro, D.; Antunes, R.; Mendes, D.; Botas, J.; Clemente, J.; Amaro, N. Home-Advantage during COVID-19: An Analysis in Portuguese Football League. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 3761. https:// doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073761
1661-7827
10.3390/ijerph18073761
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