Scientists’ Warning - The Outstanding Biodiversity of Islands is in Peril
| Autor(a) principal: | |
|---|---|
| Data de Publicação: | 2021 |
| Outros Autores: | , , , , , , , , , |
| Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
| Idioma: | eng |
| Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
| Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10400.3/6102 |
Resumo: | All authors are members of the Board of the Society of Island Biology (www.islandbiology.com). |
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Scientists’ Warning - The Outstanding Biodiversity of Islands is in PerilExtinctionInsularityBiodiversityHuman ImpactThreatened SpeciesUrgent ActionsAll authors are members of the Board of the Society of Island Biology (www.islandbiology.com).Despite islands contributing only 6.7% of land surface area, they harbor ~20% of the Earth’s biodiversity, but unfortunately also ~50% of the threatened species and 75% of the known extinctions since the European expansion around the globe. Due to their geological and geographic history and characteristics, islands act simultaneously as cradles of evolutionary diversity and museums of formerly widespread lineages—elements that permit islands to achieve an outstanding endemicity. Nevertheless, the majority of these endemic species are inherently vulnerable due to genetic and demographic factors linked with the way islands are colonized. Here, we stress the great variation of islands in their physical geography (area, isolation, altitude, latitude) and history (age, human colonization, human density). We provide examples of some of the most species rich and iconic insular radiations. Next, we analyze the natural vulnerability of the insular biota, linked to genetic and demographic factors as a result of founder events as well as the typically small population sizes of many island species. We note that, whereas evolution toward island syndromes (including size shifts, derived insular woodiness, altered dispersal ability, loss of defense traits, reduction in clutch size) might have improved the ability of species to thrive under natural conditions on islands, it has simultaneously made island biota disproportionately vulnerable to anthropogenic pressures such as habitat loss, overexploitation, invasive species, and climate change. This has led to the documented extinction of at least 800 insular species in the past 500 years, in addition to the many that had already gone extinct following the arrival of first human colonists on islands in prehistoric times. Finally, we summarize current scientific knowledge on the ongoing biodiversity loss on islands worldwide and express our serious concern that the current trajectory will continue to decimate the unique and irreplaceable natural heritage of the world’s islands. We conclude that drastic actions are urgently needed to bend the curve of the alarming rates of island biodiversity loss.S.J.N. was supported by the European Research Council under the EU H2020 and Research and Innovation program (SAPPHIRE grant 818854).ElsevierRepositório da Universidade dos AçoresFernández-Palacios, José MaríaKreft, HolgerIrl, Severin D. H.Norder, Sietze J.Ah-Peng, ClaudineBorges, Paulo A. V.Burns, Kevin C.Nascimento, Lea deMeyer, Jean-YvesMontes, ElbaDrake, Donald R.2021-10-21T09:58:18Z2021-092021-09-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.3/6102engFernández-Palacios, J.M., Kreft, H., Irl, S.D., Norder, S., Ah-Peng, C., Borges, P.A.V., Burns, K.C., de Nascimiento, L., Meyer, J.-Y., Montes, E. &Drake, D.R. (2021). Scientists’ warning - The outstanding biodiversity of islands is in peril. Global Ecology and Conservation, 31, e01847. DOI:10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e0184710.1016/j.gecco.2021.e018472351-9894info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2022-12-20T14:34:30Zoai:repositorio.uac.pt:10400.3/6102Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T16:28:15.472095Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Scientists’ Warning - The Outstanding Biodiversity of Islands is in Peril |
| title |
Scientists’ Warning - The Outstanding Biodiversity of Islands is in Peril |
| spellingShingle |
Scientists’ Warning - The Outstanding Biodiversity of Islands is in Peril Fernández-Palacios, José María Extinction Insularity Biodiversity Human Impact Threatened Species Urgent Actions |
| title_short |
Scientists’ Warning - The Outstanding Biodiversity of Islands is in Peril |
| title_full |
Scientists’ Warning - The Outstanding Biodiversity of Islands is in Peril |
| title_fullStr |
Scientists’ Warning - The Outstanding Biodiversity of Islands is in Peril |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Scientists’ Warning - The Outstanding Biodiversity of Islands is in Peril |
| title_sort |
Scientists’ Warning - The Outstanding Biodiversity of Islands is in Peril |
| author |
Fernández-Palacios, José María |
| author_facet |
Fernández-Palacios, José María Kreft, Holger Irl, Severin D. H. Norder, Sietze J. Ah-Peng, Claudine Borges, Paulo A. V. Burns, Kevin C. Nascimento, Lea de Meyer, Jean-Yves Montes, Elba Drake, Donald R. |
| author_role |
author |
| author2 |
Kreft, Holger Irl, Severin D. H. Norder, Sietze J. Ah-Peng, Claudine Borges, Paulo A. V. Burns, Kevin C. Nascimento, Lea de Meyer, Jean-Yves Montes, Elba Drake, Donald R. |
| author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author author |
| dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Repositório da Universidade dos Açores |
| dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Fernández-Palacios, José María Kreft, Holger Irl, Severin D. H. Norder, Sietze J. Ah-Peng, Claudine Borges, Paulo A. V. Burns, Kevin C. Nascimento, Lea de Meyer, Jean-Yves Montes, Elba Drake, Donald R. |
| dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Extinction Insularity Biodiversity Human Impact Threatened Species Urgent Actions |
| topic |
Extinction Insularity Biodiversity Human Impact Threatened Species Urgent Actions |
| description |
All authors are members of the Board of the Society of Island Biology (www.islandbiology.com). |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-10-21T09:58:18Z 2021-09 2021-09-01T00:00:00Z |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
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article |
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publishedVersion |
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http://hdl.handle.net/10400.3/6102 |
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http://hdl.handle.net/10400.3/6102 |
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eng |
| language |
eng |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Fernández-Palacios, J.M., Kreft, H., Irl, S.D., Norder, S., Ah-Peng, C., Borges, P.A.V., Burns, K.C., de Nascimiento, L., Meyer, J.-Y., Montes, E. &Drake, D.R. (2021). Scientists’ warning - The outstanding biodiversity of islands is in peril. Global Ecology and Conservation, 31, e01847. DOI:10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01847 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01847 2351-9894 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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openAccess |
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application/pdf |
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Elsevier |
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Elsevier |
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reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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RCAAP |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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