A Conceptual Model for Gender-Inclusive Requirements
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2021 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10362/145198 |
Resumo: | Gender equality is a fundamental human right. Empowering all women and girls means empowering half of the world’s population, and therefore it is essential to create a peaceful and sustainable future. However, there is still a great deal to be done to achieve full equality of rights and opportunities for everyone. Gender inequality persists and prevents the development and thriving of individuals and societies. Such is the case of girls’ and women’s under-representation in information, communication, and technology, where only 3% of the graduates worldwide are women. Consequently, technology development holds serious problems of inclusion and diversity. As technologies rapidly evolve and revolutionize the way we live, missing diverse perspectives during development produces a gender-biased technology that, instead of advancing gender equality, creates new barriers in achieving it. Technology can play a fundamental role in progressing gender equality and ensuring gender inclusion. Although considered neutral, the software does not equally serve everyone who depends on it. Software systems favor characteristics that are statistically more observed in majorities, ignoring or even attacking certain minorities. Concerning gender, existing systems favor characteristics that are statistically more observed in men over characteristics observed in other genders (e.g., trans, cis women, non-binary). The goal of this dissertation is to create awareness that the problem of non-inclusive software is real and investigate how to develop software that benefits everyone, regardless of their gender. As a first step, we performed a systematic mapping study to gather a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art on gender issues in software engineering. This study served as the groundwork for the development of a conceptual model for gender-inclusive requirements. The model aims to support requirements engineers by providing a representation of gender domain knowledge that can be used as a resource for eliciting gender-inclusive requirements. To integrate the conceptual model into the existing practices of requirements engineers, we propose a framework that offers a set of guidelines with concrete goals to ensure a focus on gender inclusion from the earliest phases and throughout the development process. We applied the framework to develop a gender-inclusive prototype tool that supports the process of using the framework. The developed model was empirically evaluated by a group of 31 participants and the results were positive. The conceptual model was published in a CORE A conference |
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A Conceptual Model for Gender-Inclusive Requirementsgender issuesgender-inclusionrequirements engineeringsoftware engineeringsoftware developmentDomínio/Área Científica::Engenharia e Tecnologia::Engenharia Eletrotécnica, Eletrónica e InformáticaGender equality is a fundamental human right. Empowering all women and girls means empowering half of the world’s population, and therefore it is essential to create a peaceful and sustainable future. However, there is still a great deal to be done to achieve full equality of rights and opportunities for everyone. Gender inequality persists and prevents the development and thriving of individuals and societies. Such is the case of girls’ and women’s under-representation in information, communication, and technology, where only 3% of the graduates worldwide are women. Consequently, technology development holds serious problems of inclusion and diversity. As technologies rapidly evolve and revolutionize the way we live, missing diverse perspectives during development produces a gender-biased technology that, instead of advancing gender equality, creates new barriers in achieving it. Technology can play a fundamental role in progressing gender equality and ensuring gender inclusion. Although considered neutral, the software does not equally serve everyone who depends on it. Software systems favor characteristics that are statistically more observed in majorities, ignoring or even attacking certain minorities. Concerning gender, existing systems favor characteristics that are statistically more observed in men over characteristics observed in other genders (e.g., trans, cis women, non-binary). The goal of this dissertation is to create awareness that the problem of non-inclusive software is real and investigate how to develop software that benefits everyone, regardless of their gender. As a first step, we performed a systematic mapping study to gather a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art on gender issues in software engineering. This study served as the groundwork for the development of a conceptual model for gender-inclusive requirements. The model aims to support requirements engineers by providing a representation of gender domain knowledge that can be used as a resource for eliciting gender-inclusive requirements. To integrate the conceptual model into the existing practices of requirements engineers, we propose a framework that offers a set of guidelines with concrete goals to ensure a focus on gender inclusion from the earliest phases and throughout the development process. We applied the framework to develop a gender-inclusive prototype tool that supports the process of using the framework. The developed model was empirically evaluated by a group of 31 participants and the results were positive. The conceptual model was published in a CORE A conferenceA igualdade de género é um direito humano fundamental. Empoderar todas asmulheres e raparigas significa empoderar metade da população do mundo, e como tal, é crucial para a criação de um futuro pacífico e sustentável. No entanto, há ainda um longo percurso a percorrer na conquista da total igualdade de direitos e oportunidades. A desigualdade de género ainda persiste, impedindo o desenvolvimento e prosperação de indivíduos e sociedades. Este é o caso da área da informação, comunicação e tecnologia que tem apenas 3% graduadas em todo omundo. Consequentemente, a tecnologia apresenta sérios problemas de inclusão e diversidade, desde o seu desenvolvimento à sua adoção e utilização. A tecnologia, e o software em particular, desempenham um papel cada vez mais central na vida de todos nós. Apesar de considerado neutro, o software não serve da mesma forma todos os que dependem dele. De facto, os sistemas de software privilegiam características estatisticamente mais observadas nas maiorias, ignorando ou mesmo atacando certas minorias. No que diz respeito ao género, os sistemas existentes privilegiam características estatisticamente mais observadas nos homens em detrimento das características observadas noutros géneros (por exemplo, trans, mulheres cis, pessoas não-binárias). O objetivo desta dissertação e tomar consciência que o problema de software nãoinclusivo é real e investigar como desenvolver software que beneficie todos os utilizadores, independentemente do seu género. Como primeiro passo, realizámos um mapeamento sistematico de literatura de modo a construir uma visão integrada sobre o estado da arte em questões de género em engenharia de software. Os resultados deste estudo serviram de base para o desenvolvimento de um modelo conceptual para requisitos inclusivos de genero. Este modelo visa apoiar a elicitacao de informacao inclusiva providenciando uma representacao do conhecimento dominio de genero como recurso para a formulacao de requisitos inclusivos. Para integrar o modelo conceptual nas praticas da engenharia de requisitos, desenvolvemos uma framework que oferece um conjunto de diretrizes com objetivos concretos para garantir um foco na inclusao de genero desde as fases iniciais e ao longo do processo de desenvolvimento. Aplicamos a framework na construcao de um prototipo de uma ferramenta inclusiva de genero que apoia o seu processo de uso. O modelo desenvolvido foi avaliado empiricamente por um grupo de 31 participantes e os resultados foram positivos. O modelo conceptual foi publicado numa conferência CORE A.Moreira, AnaAraujo, JoãoRUNNunes, Inês Raquel de Almeida Lopes2022-11-03T16:00:56Z2021-112021-11-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10362/145198enginfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2024-03-11T05:25:21Zoai:run.unl.pt:10362/145198Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-20T03:51:57.401623Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
A Conceptual Model for Gender-Inclusive Requirements |
title |
A Conceptual Model for Gender-Inclusive Requirements |
spellingShingle |
A Conceptual Model for Gender-Inclusive Requirements Nunes, Inês Raquel de Almeida Lopes gender issues gender-inclusion requirements engineering software engineering software development Domínio/Área Científica::Engenharia e Tecnologia::Engenharia Eletrotécnica, Eletrónica e Informática |
title_short |
A Conceptual Model for Gender-Inclusive Requirements |
title_full |
A Conceptual Model for Gender-Inclusive Requirements |
title_fullStr |
A Conceptual Model for Gender-Inclusive Requirements |
title_full_unstemmed |
A Conceptual Model for Gender-Inclusive Requirements |
title_sort |
A Conceptual Model for Gender-Inclusive Requirements |
author |
Nunes, Inês Raquel de Almeida Lopes |
author_facet |
Nunes, Inês Raquel de Almeida Lopes |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Moreira, Ana Araujo, João RUN |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Nunes, Inês Raquel de Almeida Lopes |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
gender issues gender-inclusion requirements engineering software engineering software development Domínio/Área Científica::Engenharia e Tecnologia::Engenharia Eletrotécnica, Eletrónica e Informática |
topic |
gender issues gender-inclusion requirements engineering software engineering software development Domínio/Área Científica::Engenharia e Tecnologia::Engenharia Eletrotécnica, Eletrónica e Informática |
description |
Gender equality is a fundamental human right. Empowering all women and girls means empowering half of the world’s population, and therefore it is essential to create a peaceful and sustainable future. However, there is still a great deal to be done to achieve full equality of rights and opportunities for everyone. Gender inequality persists and prevents the development and thriving of individuals and societies. Such is the case of girls’ and women’s under-representation in information, communication, and technology, where only 3% of the graduates worldwide are women. Consequently, technology development holds serious problems of inclusion and diversity. As technologies rapidly evolve and revolutionize the way we live, missing diverse perspectives during development produces a gender-biased technology that, instead of advancing gender equality, creates new barriers in achieving it. Technology can play a fundamental role in progressing gender equality and ensuring gender inclusion. Although considered neutral, the software does not equally serve everyone who depends on it. Software systems favor characteristics that are statistically more observed in majorities, ignoring or even attacking certain minorities. Concerning gender, existing systems favor characteristics that are statistically more observed in men over characteristics observed in other genders (e.g., trans, cis women, non-binary). The goal of this dissertation is to create awareness that the problem of non-inclusive software is real and investigate how to develop software that benefits everyone, regardless of their gender. As a first step, we performed a systematic mapping study to gather a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art on gender issues in software engineering. This study served as the groundwork for the development of a conceptual model for gender-inclusive requirements. The model aims to support requirements engineers by providing a representation of gender domain knowledge that can be used as a resource for eliciting gender-inclusive requirements. To integrate the conceptual model into the existing practices of requirements engineers, we propose a framework that offers a set of guidelines with concrete goals to ensure a focus on gender inclusion from the earliest phases and throughout the development process. We applied the framework to develop a gender-inclusive prototype tool that supports the process of using the framework. The developed model was empirically evaluated by a group of 31 participants and the results were positive. The conceptual model was published in a CORE A conference |
publishDate |
2021 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-11 2021-11-01T00:00:00Z 2022-11-03T16:00:56Z |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
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http://hdl.handle.net/10362/145198 |
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http://hdl.handle.net/10362/145198 |
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eng |
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