Biota and geomorphic processes as key environmental factors controlling soil formation at Elephant Point, Maritime Antarctica
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2017 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10451/36197 |
Resumo: | We examined the main soil forming factors affecting the soil composition, soil properties and the associated soilforming processes at Elephant Point, a small ice-free environment in the South Shetland Islands, Maritime Antarctica. For this purpose, we collected twenty soil samples from each of ten different sites distributed along a linear transect running from the coast to the front of the Rotch Dome glacier. The samples were obtained from surface layers (0–10 cm) and at depth (40–50 cm), although collection was limited in the moraine area by the permafrost table. We determined pH, electrical conductivity, size particle distribution, total organic carbon, total nitrogen and total concentrations of Al, Fe, Ca and P, for physical and chemical characterization of the samples. We also analysed the samples to determine the bioavailability of nutrients and Fe, Al and P partitioning and finally examined them by isotopic (δ15N) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The results of the analyses revealed two clear geochemical environments corresponding to the two most extensive geomorphological units in this peninsula: moraine and marine terraces. Soils from the moraine were characterized by alkaline reaction and high quantity of minerals with a low degree of crystallinity, whereas soils from the marine terraces showed acid reaction, high concentration of organometallic complexes and a high diversity of phosphate minerals (taranakite, minyulite, struvite, hydroxylapatite and leucophosphite), which seem to be generated by phosphatization of faecal matter deposited by seabirds and seals. Consequently, biota activity is the most relevant soil differentiating factor in the marine terraces, which add organic matter and activate geochemical cycles. On the other hand, geomorphic processes strongly affected by physical weathering processes such as glacial abrasion (by grinding process), frost shattering, and wind abrasion are the main soil-forming factors in moraine. These forces break up the parent material, transform it and translocate the products formed. |
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Biota and geomorphic processes as key environmental factors controlling soil formation at Elephant Point, Maritime AntarcticaMaritime AntarcticaPhosphate mineralsGlacial abrasionMineralogyWe examined the main soil forming factors affecting the soil composition, soil properties and the associated soilforming processes at Elephant Point, a small ice-free environment in the South Shetland Islands, Maritime Antarctica. For this purpose, we collected twenty soil samples from each of ten different sites distributed along a linear transect running from the coast to the front of the Rotch Dome glacier. The samples were obtained from surface layers (0–10 cm) and at depth (40–50 cm), although collection was limited in the moraine area by the permafrost table. We determined pH, electrical conductivity, size particle distribution, total organic carbon, total nitrogen and total concentrations of Al, Fe, Ca and P, for physical and chemical characterization of the samples. We also analysed the samples to determine the bioavailability of nutrients and Fe, Al and P partitioning and finally examined them by isotopic (δ15N) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The results of the analyses revealed two clear geochemical environments corresponding to the two most extensive geomorphological units in this peninsula: moraine and marine terraces. Soils from the moraine were characterized by alkaline reaction and high quantity of minerals with a low degree of crystallinity, whereas soils from the marine terraces showed acid reaction, high concentration of organometallic complexes and a high diversity of phosphate minerals (taranakite, minyulite, struvite, hydroxylapatite and leucophosphite), which seem to be generated by phosphatization of faecal matter deposited by seabirds and seals. Consequently, biota activity is the most relevant soil differentiating factor in the marine terraces, which add organic matter and activate geochemical cycles. On the other hand, geomorphic processes strongly affected by physical weathering processes such as glacial abrasion (by grinding process), frost shattering, and wind abrasion are the main soil-forming factors in moraine. These forces break up the parent material, transform it and translocate the products formed.ElsevierRepositório da Universidade de LisboaGonzález-Guzmán, A.Oliva, MarcSouza-Júnior, V.S.Pérez-Alberti, A.Ruiz-Fernández, J.Otero, X.L.2020-01-01T01:30:18Z20172017-01-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10451/36197engGonzalez-Guzman, A., Oliva, M., Souza-Junior, V. S., Perez-Alberti, A., Ruiz-Fernandez, J., Otero, X. L. (2017). Biota and geomorphic processes as key environmental factors controlling soil formation at Elephant Point, Maritime Antarctica. GEODERMA, 300, 32–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.04.001.0016-706110.1016/j.geoderma.2017.04.001info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-11-08T16:32:41Zoai:repositorio.ul.pt:10451/36197Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T21:50:30.120143Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Biota and geomorphic processes as key environmental factors controlling soil formation at Elephant Point, Maritime Antarctica |
title |
Biota and geomorphic processes as key environmental factors controlling soil formation at Elephant Point, Maritime Antarctica |
spellingShingle |
Biota and geomorphic processes as key environmental factors controlling soil formation at Elephant Point, Maritime Antarctica González-Guzmán, A. Maritime Antarctica Phosphate minerals Glacial abrasion Mineralogy |
title_short |
Biota and geomorphic processes as key environmental factors controlling soil formation at Elephant Point, Maritime Antarctica |
title_full |
Biota and geomorphic processes as key environmental factors controlling soil formation at Elephant Point, Maritime Antarctica |
title_fullStr |
Biota and geomorphic processes as key environmental factors controlling soil formation at Elephant Point, Maritime Antarctica |
title_full_unstemmed |
Biota and geomorphic processes as key environmental factors controlling soil formation at Elephant Point, Maritime Antarctica |
title_sort |
Biota and geomorphic processes as key environmental factors controlling soil formation at Elephant Point, Maritime Antarctica |
author |
González-Guzmán, A. |
author_facet |
González-Guzmán, A. Oliva, Marc Souza-Júnior, V.S. Pérez-Alberti, A. Ruiz-Fernández, J. Otero, X.L. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Oliva, Marc Souza-Júnior, V.S. Pérez-Alberti, A. Ruiz-Fernández, J. Otero, X.L. |
author2_role |
author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
González-Guzmán, A. Oliva, Marc Souza-Júnior, V.S. Pérez-Alberti, A. Ruiz-Fernández, J. Otero, X.L. |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Maritime Antarctica Phosphate minerals Glacial abrasion Mineralogy |
topic |
Maritime Antarctica Phosphate minerals Glacial abrasion Mineralogy |
description |
We examined the main soil forming factors affecting the soil composition, soil properties and the associated soilforming processes at Elephant Point, a small ice-free environment in the South Shetland Islands, Maritime Antarctica. For this purpose, we collected twenty soil samples from each of ten different sites distributed along a linear transect running from the coast to the front of the Rotch Dome glacier. The samples were obtained from surface layers (0–10 cm) and at depth (40–50 cm), although collection was limited in the moraine area by the permafrost table. We determined pH, electrical conductivity, size particle distribution, total organic carbon, total nitrogen and total concentrations of Al, Fe, Ca and P, for physical and chemical characterization of the samples. We also analysed the samples to determine the bioavailability of nutrients and Fe, Al and P partitioning and finally examined them by isotopic (δ15N) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The results of the analyses revealed two clear geochemical environments corresponding to the two most extensive geomorphological units in this peninsula: moraine and marine terraces. Soils from the moraine were characterized by alkaline reaction and high quantity of minerals with a low degree of crystallinity, whereas soils from the marine terraces showed acid reaction, high concentration of organometallic complexes and a high diversity of phosphate minerals (taranakite, minyulite, struvite, hydroxylapatite and leucophosphite), which seem to be generated by phosphatization of faecal matter deposited by seabirds and seals. Consequently, biota activity is the most relevant soil differentiating factor in the marine terraces, which add organic matter and activate geochemical cycles. On the other hand, geomorphic processes strongly affected by physical weathering processes such as glacial abrasion (by grinding process), frost shattering, and wind abrasion are the main soil-forming factors in moraine. These forces break up the parent material, transform it and translocate the products formed. |
publishDate |
2017 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2017 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z 2020-01-01T01:30:18Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10451/36197 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10451/36197 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Gonzalez-Guzman, A., Oliva, M., Souza-Junior, V. S., Perez-Alberti, A., Ruiz-Fernandez, J., Otero, X. L. (2017). Biota and geomorphic processes as key environmental factors controlling soil formation at Elephant Point, Maritime Antarctica. GEODERMA, 300, 32–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.04.001. 0016-7061 10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.04.001 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
embargoedAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Elsevier |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Elsevier |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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RCAAP |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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