Arming Fortress Europe? Spaces and Instruments of Economic Patriotism in EU Armament Policy
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2023 |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.v11i4.7231 |
Resumo: | How does the EU adapt its policies in response to current global changes? Extant scholarship has shed light on the EU’s geopolitical turn by analysing it as either a shift away from neoliberalism or a reshuffling of EU–US relations. This article makes the case for studying how these two dynamics interact. To do so, I draw on the economic patriotism framework, which focuses on the links between types and spaces of economic interventionism. Economic patriotism instruments can take various forms depending on their type (liberal/protectionist instruments) and space of reference (national/EU/transatlantic/international). From this perspective, the EU has responded to global changes by shifting from liberal to protectionist instruments of economic patriotism. However, the design of these policy instruments reflects compromises between the preferences of policymakers who adopt liberal/protectionist and Europeanist/Atlanticist positions. As policy instruments can create room for compromise because they allow various positions to converge, EU protectionist economic instruments cater to Atlanticist and liberal preferences too. This article illustrates this argument by means of EU armament policy. Using official documents and interviews, I analyse changes in EU economic patriotism by looking at the two major policy instruments: the 2009 Defence Procurement Directive and the 2021 European Defence Fund. Whereas the 2009 Directive reflected liberal economic patriotism anchored in the transatlantic space, the European Defence Fund illustrates tensions between types and spaces of economic interventionism in the EU’s geopolitical turn: Some clauses protect the EU from foreign interference, but its political-economic space of reference remains strongly transatlantic. |
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Arming Fortress Europe? Spaces and Instruments of Economic Patriotism in EU Armament Policyarmament; Common Security and Defence Policy; economic nationalism; economic patriotism; European geopolitics; Fortress EuropeHow does the EU adapt its policies in response to current global changes? Extant scholarship has shed light on the EU’s geopolitical turn by analysing it as either a shift away from neoliberalism or a reshuffling of EU–US relations. This article makes the case for studying how these two dynamics interact. To do so, I draw on the economic patriotism framework, which focuses on the links between types and spaces of economic interventionism. Economic patriotism instruments can take various forms depending on their type (liberal/protectionist instruments) and space of reference (national/EU/transatlantic/international). From this perspective, the EU has responded to global changes by shifting from liberal to protectionist instruments of economic patriotism. However, the design of these policy instruments reflects compromises between the preferences of policymakers who adopt liberal/protectionist and Europeanist/Atlanticist positions. As policy instruments can create room for compromise because they allow various positions to converge, EU protectionist economic instruments cater to Atlanticist and liberal preferences too. This article illustrates this argument by means of EU armament policy. Using official documents and interviews, I analyse changes in EU economic patriotism by looking at the two major policy instruments: the 2009 Defence Procurement Directive and the 2021 European Defence Fund. Whereas the 2009 Directive reflected liberal economic patriotism anchored in the transatlantic space, the European Defence Fund illustrates tensions between types and spaces of economic interventionism in the EU’s geopolitical turn: Some clauses protect the EU from foreign interference, but its political-economic space of reference remains strongly transatlantic.Cogitatio Press2023-11-29info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://doi.org/10.17645/pag.v11i4.7231https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.v11i4.7231Politics and Governance; Vol 11, No 4 (2023): Economic Security and the Politics of Trade and Investment Policy in Europe; 154-1642183-246310.17645/pag.i372reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAPenghttps://www.cogitatiopress.com/politicsandgovernance/article/view/7231https://www.cogitatiopress.com/politicsandgovernance/article/view/7231/3495https://www.cogitatiopress.com/politicsandgovernance/article/downloadSuppFile/7231/3336Copyright (c) 2023 Catherine Hoefflerinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessHoeffler, Catherine2023-12-21T16:10:28Zoai:ojs.cogitatiopress.com:article/7231Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-20T00:40:22.141338Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Arming Fortress Europe? Spaces and Instruments of Economic Patriotism in EU Armament Policy |
title |
Arming Fortress Europe? Spaces and Instruments of Economic Patriotism in EU Armament Policy |
spellingShingle |
Arming Fortress Europe? Spaces and Instruments of Economic Patriotism in EU Armament Policy Hoeffler, Catherine armament; Common Security and Defence Policy; economic nationalism; economic patriotism; European geopolitics; Fortress Europe |
title_short |
Arming Fortress Europe? Spaces and Instruments of Economic Patriotism in EU Armament Policy |
title_full |
Arming Fortress Europe? Spaces and Instruments of Economic Patriotism in EU Armament Policy |
title_fullStr |
Arming Fortress Europe? Spaces and Instruments of Economic Patriotism in EU Armament Policy |
title_full_unstemmed |
Arming Fortress Europe? Spaces and Instruments of Economic Patriotism in EU Armament Policy |
title_sort |
Arming Fortress Europe? Spaces and Instruments of Economic Patriotism in EU Armament Policy |
author |
Hoeffler, Catherine |
author_facet |
Hoeffler, Catherine |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Hoeffler, Catherine |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
armament; Common Security and Defence Policy; economic nationalism; economic patriotism; European geopolitics; Fortress Europe |
topic |
armament; Common Security and Defence Policy; economic nationalism; economic patriotism; European geopolitics; Fortress Europe |
description |
How does the EU adapt its policies in response to current global changes? Extant scholarship has shed light on the EU’s geopolitical turn by analysing it as either a shift away from neoliberalism or a reshuffling of EU–US relations. This article makes the case for studying how these two dynamics interact. To do so, I draw on the economic patriotism framework, which focuses on the links between types and spaces of economic interventionism. Economic patriotism instruments can take various forms depending on their type (liberal/protectionist instruments) and space of reference (national/EU/transatlantic/international). From this perspective, the EU has responded to global changes by shifting from liberal to protectionist instruments of economic patriotism. However, the design of these policy instruments reflects compromises between the preferences of policymakers who adopt liberal/protectionist and Europeanist/Atlanticist positions. As policy instruments can create room for compromise because they allow various positions to converge, EU protectionist economic instruments cater to Atlanticist and liberal preferences too. This article illustrates this argument by means of EU armament policy. Using official documents and interviews, I analyse changes in EU economic patriotism by looking at the two major policy instruments: the 2009 Defence Procurement Directive and the 2021 European Defence Fund. Whereas the 2009 Directive reflected liberal economic patriotism anchored in the transatlantic space, the European Defence Fund illustrates tensions between types and spaces of economic interventionism in the EU’s geopolitical turn: Some clauses protect the EU from foreign interference, but its political-economic space of reference remains strongly transatlantic. |
publishDate |
2023 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-11-29 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.v11i4.7231 https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.v11i4.7231 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.v11i4.7231 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://www.cogitatiopress.com/politicsandgovernance/article/view/7231 https://www.cogitatiopress.com/politicsandgovernance/article/view/7231/3495 https://www.cogitatiopress.com/politicsandgovernance/article/downloadSuppFile/7231/3336 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2023 Catherine Hoeffler info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2023 Catherine Hoeffler |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Cogitatio Press |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Cogitatio Press |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Politics and Governance; Vol 11, No 4 (2023): Economic Security and the Politics of Trade and Investment Policy in Europe; 154-164 2183-2463 10.17645/pag.i372 reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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RCAAP |
institution |
RCAAP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
collection |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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