Development of a Graphical User Interface for both clinical and research use dry-age related macular degeneration

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Fragoeiro, Inês Sofia Abreu
Data de Publicação: 2020
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10451/47643
Resumo: Tese de mestrado integrado em Engenharia Biomédica e Biofísica (Engenharia Clínica e Instrumentação Médica), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, 2020
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spelling Development of a Graphical User Interface for both clinical and research use dry-age related macular degenerationDegenerescência Macular com a IdadeRetinaEPRDrusasAutofluorescênciaTeses de mestrado - 2020Domínio/Área Científica::Engenharia e Tecnologia::Engenharia MédicaTese de mestrado integrado em Engenharia Biomédica e Biofísica (Engenharia Clínica e Instrumentação Médica), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, 2020Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is a progressive neurodegenerative retinal disease and the second leading cause of blindness and visual impairment among the elderly. The presence of drusen above or under the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is the hallmark of dry-AMD but the mechanisms underlying the formation of these deposits are still not well understood, neither it’s correlation with the accumulation of lipofuscin detected in AMD patients’ Fundus Autofluorescence examinations. Also, the role of vascular changes in the development of AMD is still to be explained. Due to the urgent need to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the development and progression of this disease, researchers have been trying to find new and more refined imaging techniques to study the retina of AMD patients, as well as new imaging software to help diagnosis and research. The goal of this dissertation was to develop algorithms and incorporate them into a Graphical User Interface (GUI) to help in diagnosis and research of this disease, using MALTAB. This tool will facilitate research on these open questions about the mechanisms underlying the patho genesis and progression of dry-AMD and will also be useful in the Clinical practice since it will deliver quantitative information about drusen, autofluorescence and vasculature. — The eye is one of the most complex organs in the human body and its performance is usually affected by ageing. Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is a progressive neurodegenerative retinal disease and the second leading cause of blindness and visual impairment among the elderly. There are two types of AMD, the dry-AMD and the wet-AMD. In either form of the disease the mac ular region of the retina is affected leading to a progressive loss of central vision. The presence of drusen above or under the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is the hallmark of dry-AMD but the mechanisms underlying the formation of these deposits are still not well understood, neither it’s correlation with the accumulation of lipofuscin detected in AMD patients’ Fundus Autofluorescence examinations. Also, the role of vascular changes in the development of AMD is still to be explained. Due to the urgent need to understand the mechanisms underlying the development and progression of AMD, researchers and clinicians have been trying to find new and more refined imaging techniques to study the retina of patients with AMD, as well as imaging software to help on diagnosis and research. Nowadays, most of the imaging segmentation and measurements of relevant physical properties to study AMD are still performed manually, being the results vulnerable to human errors and can be biases by the person who performs the assessment. The goal of this thesis was to develop a tool to help on diagnosis and research of AMD. Several algorithms were developed and then incorporated in a graphical user interface. The platform used for the development of the algorithms and the interface was MATLAB, since it has a library dedicated to Imaging Processing and also an environment for Development of Graphical Interfaces. One of the algorithms developed in the scope of this thesis was to segment retinal layers in images of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). These images are called B-scans and they show the internal structure of the retina and the choroid. The segmentation of the retinal layers is performed after a pre-processing and alignment of the B-scans, and it is based in the intensity variations between the layers. Another segmentation algorithm was also developed for drusen detection. This segmentation is per formed on the en face images obtained from the axial cuts on the tomographic examinations. Besides the segmentation, this algorithm also classifies drusen regarding their morphology and physical properties. In what concerns the autofluorescence, drusen found previously can be automatically classified in hyper, iso or hypo-autofluorescent. This is obtained by comparing the location of drusen with the autofluorescence examination of the same patient. Finally, an algorithm that allows the analysis of the images obtained from the Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCT-A) was also developed. This algorithm provides a visualization of the different plexus, so that the blood flow can be easily studied in the retina and in the choroid. The algorithm developed to segment the retinal layers was compared with other similar softwares, Spectralis from Heidelberg and OCT-Explorer from University of Iowa. The performance of the algorithm developed in the scope of this thesis showed promising results. However, these results would need to be validated by an expert in order to draw any concrete conclusions. The lack of validations is, in fact, one of the most significant limitations of the work presented here. Despite all the limitation, we believe in the potential of this work and we hope that this interface will be useful to easily study the progression of AMD. This thesis is inserted in the context of a research group that is dedicated to study the molecular mechanisms of diseases which affect vision. After being refined and validated, this interface will have direct impact on the organization and development of studies, since it will facilitate the analysis, classification and monitoring of patient’s exams.Pereira, Telmo Ribeiro RamosMatela, Nuno Miguel de Pinto Lobo e,1978-Repositório da Universidade de LisboaFragoeiro, Inês Sofia Abreu2021-05-04T14:50:29Z202020202020-01-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10451/47643TID:202606600engmetadata only accessinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-11-08T16:50:42Zoai:repositorio.ul.pt:10451/47643Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T21:59:39.228480Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Development of a Graphical User Interface for both clinical and research use dry-age related macular degeneration
title Development of a Graphical User Interface for both clinical and research use dry-age related macular degeneration
spellingShingle Development of a Graphical User Interface for both clinical and research use dry-age related macular degeneration
Fragoeiro, Inês Sofia Abreu
Degenerescência Macular com a Idade
Retina
EPR
Drusas
Autofluorescência
Teses de mestrado - 2020
Domínio/Área Científica::Engenharia e Tecnologia::Engenharia Médica
title_short Development of a Graphical User Interface for both clinical and research use dry-age related macular degeneration
title_full Development of a Graphical User Interface for both clinical and research use dry-age related macular degeneration
title_fullStr Development of a Graphical User Interface for both clinical and research use dry-age related macular degeneration
title_full_unstemmed Development of a Graphical User Interface for both clinical and research use dry-age related macular degeneration
title_sort Development of a Graphical User Interface for both clinical and research use dry-age related macular degeneration
author Fragoeiro, Inês Sofia Abreu
author_facet Fragoeiro, Inês Sofia Abreu
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Pereira, Telmo Ribeiro Ramos
Matela, Nuno Miguel de Pinto Lobo e,1978-
Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Fragoeiro, Inês Sofia Abreu
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Degenerescência Macular com a Idade
Retina
EPR
Drusas
Autofluorescência
Teses de mestrado - 2020
Domínio/Área Científica::Engenharia e Tecnologia::Engenharia Médica
topic Degenerescência Macular com a Idade
Retina
EPR
Drusas
Autofluorescência
Teses de mestrado - 2020
Domínio/Área Científica::Engenharia e Tecnologia::Engenharia Médica
description Tese de mestrado integrado em Engenharia Biomédica e Biofísica (Engenharia Clínica e Instrumentação Médica), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, 2020
publishDate 2020
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2020
2020
2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
2021-05-04T14:50:29Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
format masterThesis
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dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10451/47643
TID:202606600
url http://hdl.handle.net/10451/47643
identifier_str_mv TID:202606600
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
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instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
instacron:RCAAP
instname_str Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
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repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
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