Structure Assignment of Seized Products Containing Cathinone Derivatives Using High Resolution Analytical Techniques

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Gonçalves, João L.
Data de Publicação: 2021
Outros Autores: Alves, Vera L., Aguiar, Joselin, Caldeira, Maria J., Teixeira, Helena M., Câmara, José S.
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10316/105230
https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11030144
Resumo: The innovation of the new psychoactive substances (NPS) market requires the rapid identification of new substances that can be a risk to public health, in order to reduce the damage from their use. Twelve seized products suspected to contain illicit substances were analyzed by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Synthetic cathinones (SCat) were found in all products, either as a single component or in mixtures. Infrared spectra of all products were consistent with the molecular structure of SCat, showing an intense absorption band at 1700-1674 cm-1, corresponding to the carbonyl stretching, a medium/strong peak at 1605-1580 cm-1, indicating stretching vibrations in the aromatic ring (C=C) and bands with relative low intensity at frequencies near 2700-2400 cm-1, corresponding to an amine salt. It was possible to identify a total of eight cathinone derivatives by GC-MS and NMR analysis: 4'-methyl-α-pyrrolidinohexanophenone (MPHP), α-pyrrolidinohexanophenone (α-PHP), 3-fluoromethcathinone (3-FMC), methedrone, methylone, buphedrone, N-ethylcathinone, and pentedrone. Among the adulterants found in these samples, caffeine was the most frequently detected substance, followed by ethylphenidate. These results highlight the prevalence of SCat in seized materials of the Portuguese market. Reference standards are usually required for confirmation, but when reference materials are not available, the combination of complementary techniques is fundamental for a rapid and an unequivocal identification of such substances.
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spelling Structure Assignment of Seized Products Containing Cathinone Derivatives Using High Resolution Analytical Techniqueschemical characterizationnew psychoactive substancessynthetic cathinonesFTIRGC-MSNMRThe innovation of the new psychoactive substances (NPS) market requires the rapid identification of new substances that can be a risk to public health, in order to reduce the damage from their use. Twelve seized products suspected to contain illicit substances were analyzed by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Synthetic cathinones (SCat) were found in all products, either as a single component or in mixtures. Infrared spectra of all products were consistent with the molecular structure of SCat, showing an intense absorption band at 1700-1674 cm-1, corresponding to the carbonyl stretching, a medium/strong peak at 1605-1580 cm-1, indicating stretching vibrations in the aromatic ring (C=C) and bands with relative low intensity at frequencies near 2700-2400 cm-1, corresponding to an amine salt. It was possible to identify a total of eight cathinone derivatives by GC-MS and NMR analysis: 4'-methyl-α-pyrrolidinohexanophenone (MPHP), α-pyrrolidinohexanophenone (α-PHP), 3-fluoromethcathinone (3-FMC), methedrone, methylone, buphedrone, N-ethylcathinone, and pentedrone. Among the adulterants found in these samples, caffeine was the most frequently detected substance, followed by ethylphenidate. These results highlight the prevalence of SCat in seized materials of the Portuguese market. Reference standards are usually required for confirmation, but when reference materials are not available, the combination of complementary techniques is fundamental for a rapid and an unequivocal identification of such substances.MDPI AG2021-02-27info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://hdl.handle.net/10316/105230http://hdl.handle.net/10316/105230https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11030144eng2218-1989Gonçalves, João L.Alves, Vera L.Aguiar, JoselinCaldeira, Maria J.Teixeira, Helena M.Câmara, José S.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-02-10T08:44:42Zoai:estudogeral.uc.pt:10316/105230Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T21:21:49.904720Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Structure Assignment of Seized Products Containing Cathinone Derivatives Using High Resolution Analytical Techniques
title Structure Assignment of Seized Products Containing Cathinone Derivatives Using High Resolution Analytical Techniques
spellingShingle Structure Assignment of Seized Products Containing Cathinone Derivatives Using High Resolution Analytical Techniques
Gonçalves, João L.
chemical characterization
new psychoactive substances
synthetic cathinones
FTIR
GC-MS
NMR
title_short Structure Assignment of Seized Products Containing Cathinone Derivatives Using High Resolution Analytical Techniques
title_full Structure Assignment of Seized Products Containing Cathinone Derivatives Using High Resolution Analytical Techniques
title_fullStr Structure Assignment of Seized Products Containing Cathinone Derivatives Using High Resolution Analytical Techniques
title_full_unstemmed Structure Assignment of Seized Products Containing Cathinone Derivatives Using High Resolution Analytical Techniques
title_sort Structure Assignment of Seized Products Containing Cathinone Derivatives Using High Resolution Analytical Techniques
author Gonçalves, João L.
author_facet Gonçalves, João L.
Alves, Vera L.
Aguiar, Joselin
Caldeira, Maria J.
Teixeira, Helena M.
Câmara, José S.
author_role author
author2 Alves, Vera L.
Aguiar, Joselin
Caldeira, Maria J.
Teixeira, Helena M.
Câmara, José S.
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Gonçalves, João L.
Alves, Vera L.
Aguiar, Joselin
Caldeira, Maria J.
Teixeira, Helena M.
Câmara, José S.
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv chemical characterization
new psychoactive substances
synthetic cathinones
FTIR
GC-MS
NMR
topic chemical characterization
new psychoactive substances
synthetic cathinones
FTIR
GC-MS
NMR
description The innovation of the new psychoactive substances (NPS) market requires the rapid identification of new substances that can be a risk to public health, in order to reduce the damage from their use. Twelve seized products suspected to contain illicit substances were analyzed by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Synthetic cathinones (SCat) were found in all products, either as a single component or in mixtures. Infrared spectra of all products were consistent with the molecular structure of SCat, showing an intense absorption band at 1700-1674 cm-1, corresponding to the carbonyl stretching, a medium/strong peak at 1605-1580 cm-1, indicating stretching vibrations in the aromatic ring (C=C) and bands with relative low intensity at frequencies near 2700-2400 cm-1, corresponding to an amine salt. It was possible to identify a total of eight cathinone derivatives by GC-MS and NMR analysis: 4'-methyl-α-pyrrolidinohexanophenone (MPHP), α-pyrrolidinohexanophenone (α-PHP), 3-fluoromethcathinone (3-FMC), methedrone, methylone, buphedrone, N-ethylcathinone, and pentedrone. Among the adulterants found in these samples, caffeine was the most frequently detected substance, followed by ethylphenidate. These results highlight the prevalence of SCat in seized materials of the Portuguese market. Reference standards are usually required for confirmation, but when reference materials are not available, the combination of complementary techniques is fundamental for a rapid and an unequivocal identification of such substances.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021-02-27
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10316/105230
http://hdl.handle.net/10316/105230
https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11030144
url http://hdl.handle.net/10316/105230
https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11030144
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
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dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv 2218-1989
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI AG
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI AG
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
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