Diagnosis of Statin-Induced Necrotizing Myopathy: Contribution of Anti-HMGCR Antibodies

• Autor(a) principal: Fidalgo, Cláudia
• Data de Publicação: 2022
• Outros Autores: Mendes, Alice, Cunha, Rosário, Rodrigues, Fernando
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: https://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/16181
• topic: Autoimmune Diseases/chemically induced; Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/adverse effects; Muscular Diseases/chemically induced; Doenças Autoimunes/induzidas quimicamente; Doenças Musculares/induzidas quimicamente; Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Redutases; Inibidores de Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Redutases/efeitos adversos

Over the last few years, several cases of statin-induced necrotizing myopathy have been described. This myopathy is characterized by the necrosis of muscle fibers and the presence of anti-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (anti-HMGCR) antibodies. Although the diagnosis of myopathies relies on muscle biopsy, which is considered the gold-standard, the search for autoantibodies has proved to be an essential contribution to the diagnosis of immune-mediated myopathies. The detection of anti-HMGCR antibodies in the patient’s serum can be performed by enzyme immunoassays, and more recently, by imunofluorescence. As for the latter, the detection of anti-HMGCR antibodies is performed on tissue sections by indirect immunofluorescence and is characterized by a typical fluorescence pattern called “HMGCR Associated Liver IFL Pattern”. The authors present two case reports that show the importance of diagnosing statin-induced necrotizing myopathy as quickly as possible and the contribution of anti-HMGCR antibody detection for the diagnosis.