A retrospective study on feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy – prognostic indicators

• Autor(a) principal: Franco, Cláudia Sofia Sequeira
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10348/9082
• topic: hypertrophic; cardiomyopathy; prognostic; cats; survival

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the most prevalent cardiac disease in cats. It is characterized by a concentric left ventricular hypertrophy, causing diastolic dysfunction and consequently congestive heart failure. Its clinical presentation is widely variable and the definitive diagnosis relies on echocardiography. Prognostic indicators are the gold standard to assess treatment options and the patient’s outcome. The aim of this retrospective study is to assess survival and prognostic indicators in cats affected with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, to compare the results with previous studies on the same topic, and to take conclusions that can aid the everyday clinical practice. The study included 33 cats diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy at Centro Hospitalar Veterinário. These animals were evaluated for population characteristics and survival times. The mean survival time on this study was 463.9 (±259.2) days. Univariable analysis showed an increased risk of cardiac death for cats presenting with clinical signs (p=0,022), regional wall hypokinesis (p=0,06), left atrial enlargement (p=0,013), left atrial systolic dysfunction (p=0,027), echocardiographic evidence of a hypercoagulable state (p=0,059), left ventricular general systolic impairment evaluated by the fractional shortening (p=0,010) and the ejection fraction (p=0,007) and left ventricular longitudinal dysfunction assessed by the mitral annular plane systolic excursion of the interventricular septum (p=0,022) and of the left ventricular free wall (p=0,034), and the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (p=0,020). These parameters provide essential information on the prognosis of cats diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, therefore they should always be assessed, registered and monitored for granting the best therapeutic protocols and to best manage owners’ expectation.