Impact of exercise training on physiological measures of physical fitness in the elderly
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2016 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10071/12353 |
Resumo: | BACKGROUND: Older persons are the fastest growing segment of the population living in the Western hemisphere. Longevity comes at a price, including a higher rate of morbidity, functional and mental disability and the eventual loss of independence. Physical inactivity further aggravates the decline in physiological function along the aging process. Therefore, the promotion of regular exercise may be seen as one of the main non-pharmacological approaches that should be recommended to older adults. METHODS: We performed a comprehensive review on the interaction between exercise training and improved physical fitness in the elderly. Specifically, 175 papers describing the overall benefits of exercise training on the cardiovascular, neuromuscular and brain function of older adults were included. The effectiveness of training for improving quality of life at an older age was also reviewed. RESULTS: Exercise training can partially reverse the age-related physiological decline and enhance work capacity in the elderly. Numerous studies have shown that maintaining a minimum quantity and quality of physical exercise decreases the risk of cardiovascular mortality, sarcopenia, prevents the onset of osteopenia and even exerts a prophylactic role against neurodegeneration. The systemic physiologic effects are profound and may be directly linked to a favorable feedforward cycle whereby improved physiologic function begets improved physical function and so on. CONCLUSION: We conclude that structured training programs should be designed to improve the physiological function in this population. Finally, the benefits of exercise training vary as a function of training volume and this relationship is independent of age and sex. |
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Impact of exercise training on physiological measures of physical fitness in the elderlySenescencePhysiologyExercise capacityNeuromuscular functionCardiovascular functionBrain functionEndurance trainingResistance trainingBACKGROUND: Older persons are the fastest growing segment of the population living in the Western hemisphere. Longevity comes at a price, including a higher rate of morbidity, functional and mental disability and the eventual loss of independence. Physical inactivity further aggravates the decline in physiological function along the aging process. Therefore, the promotion of regular exercise may be seen as one of the main non-pharmacological approaches that should be recommended to older adults. METHODS: We performed a comprehensive review on the interaction between exercise training and improved physical fitness in the elderly. Specifically, 175 papers describing the overall benefits of exercise training on the cardiovascular, neuromuscular and brain function of older adults were included. The effectiveness of training for improving quality of life at an older age was also reviewed. RESULTS: Exercise training can partially reverse the age-related physiological decline and enhance work capacity in the elderly. Numerous studies have shown that maintaining a minimum quantity and quality of physical exercise decreases the risk of cardiovascular mortality, sarcopenia, prevents the onset of osteopenia and even exerts a prophylactic role against neurodegeneration. The systemic physiologic effects are profound and may be directly linked to a favorable feedforward cycle whereby improved physiologic function begets improved physical function and so on. CONCLUSION: We conclude that structured training programs should be designed to improve the physiological function in this population. Finally, the benefits of exercise training vary as a function of training volume and this relationship is independent of age and sex.Bentham Science Publishers2017-01-13T17:09:09Z2016-01-01T00:00:00Z20162019-04-22T11:57:23Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10071/12353eng1874-609810.2174/1874609809666160426120600Mendonca, G. V.Pezarat-Correia, P.Vaz, J. R.Silva, L.Duarte de Almeida, I.Heffernan, K. S.info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-11-09T17:44:56Zoai:repositorio.iscte-iul.pt:10071/12353Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T22:21:23.233528Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Impact of exercise training on physiological measures of physical fitness in the elderly |
title |
Impact of exercise training on physiological measures of physical fitness in the elderly |
spellingShingle |
Impact of exercise training on physiological measures of physical fitness in the elderly Mendonca, G. V. Senescence Physiology Exercise capacity Neuromuscular function Cardiovascular function Brain function Endurance training Resistance training |
title_short |
Impact of exercise training on physiological measures of physical fitness in the elderly |
title_full |
Impact of exercise training on physiological measures of physical fitness in the elderly |
title_fullStr |
Impact of exercise training on physiological measures of physical fitness in the elderly |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impact of exercise training on physiological measures of physical fitness in the elderly |
title_sort |
Impact of exercise training on physiological measures of physical fitness in the elderly |
author |
Mendonca, G. V. |
author_facet |
Mendonca, G. V. Pezarat-Correia, P. Vaz, J. R. Silva, L. Duarte de Almeida, I. Heffernan, K. S. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Pezarat-Correia, P. Vaz, J. R. Silva, L. Duarte de Almeida, I. Heffernan, K. S. |
author2_role |
author author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Mendonca, G. V. Pezarat-Correia, P. Vaz, J. R. Silva, L. Duarte de Almeida, I. Heffernan, K. S. |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Senescence Physiology Exercise capacity Neuromuscular function Cardiovascular function Brain function Endurance training Resistance training |
topic |
Senescence Physiology Exercise capacity Neuromuscular function Cardiovascular function Brain function Endurance training Resistance training |
description |
BACKGROUND: Older persons are the fastest growing segment of the population living in the Western hemisphere. Longevity comes at a price, including a higher rate of morbidity, functional and mental disability and the eventual loss of independence. Physical inactivity further aggravates the decline in physiological function along the aging process. Therefore, the promotion of regular exercise may be seen as one of the main non-pharmacological approaches that should be recommended to older adults. METHODS: We performed a comprehensive review on the interaction between exercise training and improved physical fitness in the elderly. Specifically, 175 papers describing the overall benefits of exercise training on the cardiovascular, neuromuscular and brain function of older adults were included. The effectiveness of training for improving quality of life at an older age was also reviewed. RESULTS: Exercise training can partially reverse the age-related physiological decline and enhance work capacity in the elderly. Numerous studies have shown that maintaining a minimum quantity and quality of physical exercise decreases the risk of cardiovascular mortality, sarcopenia, prevents the onset of osteopenia and even exerts a prophylactic role against neurodegeneration. The systemic physiologic effects are profound and may be directly linked to a favorable feedforward cycle whereby improved physiologic function begets improved physical function and so on. CONCLUSION: We conclude that structured training programs should be designed to improve the physiological function in this population. Finally, the benefits of exercise training vary as a function of training volume and this relationship is independent of age and sex. |
publishDate |
2016 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2016-01-01T00:00:00Z 2016 2017-01-13T17:09:09Z 2019-04-22T11:57:23Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10071/12353 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10071/12353 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
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1874-6098 10.2174/1874609809666160426120600 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess |
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embargoedAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Bentham Science Publishers |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Bentham Science Publishers |
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reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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RCAAP |
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RCAAP |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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