Dissociating cognitive and affective empathy across psychopathy dimensions: the role of interoception and alexithymia
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2023 |
Outros Autores: | , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10400.22/23672 |
Resumo: | This study examined the associations between psychopathy dimensions (triarchic phenotypes and classical factors), empathy domains (cognitive and affective), and interoception (interoceptive attention and accuracy) while accounting for the putative role of alexithymia. A community sample (n = 515) completed an online survey encompassing: Triarchic Psychopathy Measure (boldness, meanness, disinhibition); Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (primary and secondary psychopathy); Body Perception Questionnaire (interoceptive attention); Interoceptive Accuracy Scale; Toronto Alexithymia Scale. Hierarchical linear regression models were implemented for hypothesis-driven analyses examining the associations between psychopathy, empathy, and interoception while controlling for sex, age, and alexithymia. Exploratory path models were employed to investigate alexithymia and/or cognitive empathy as mediators between interoception and psychopathy. Our results largely confirmed the postulated empathy profiles across psychopathy dimensions, as meanness and primary psychopathy displayed a broad empathy impairment, while disinhibition and secondary psychopathy were only associated with diminished cognitive empathy. Importantly, boldness displayed a unique pattern (enhanced cognitive empathy and reduced affective empathy), further reinforcing its importance within the constellation of psychopathy traits. Contrary to our hypotheses, self-perceived interoceptive attention and accuracy were not associated with either psychopathy dimension after controlling for alexithymia. However, interoceptive accuracy and alexithymia were associated with cognitive empathy, while alexithymia was also positively related to all psychopathy dimensions (as expected), despite the unexpected strong and negative association with boldness. Exploratory analyses suggested significant indirect effects (mediation) between interoceptive accuracy and psychopathy via alexithymia and/or cognitive empathy. These mediating effects must be interpreted with caution and future studies should be designed to formally test this model. |
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Dissociating cognitive and affective empathy across psychopathy dimensions: the role of interoception and alexithymiaPsychopathyPersonalityEmpathySocial cognitionInteroceptionInteroceptive attentionInteroceptive accuracyAlexithymiaThis study examined the associations between psychopathy dimensions (triarchic phenotypes and classical factors), empathy domains (cognitive and affective), and interoception (interoceptive attention and accuracy) while accounting for the putative role of alexithymia. A community sample (n = 515) completed an online survey encompassing: Triarchic Psychopathy Measure (boldness, meanness, disinhibition); Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (primary and secondary psychopathy); Body Perception Questionnaire (interoceptive attention); Interoceptive Accuracy Scale; Toronto Alexithymia Scale. Hierarchical linear regression models were implemented for hypothesis-driven analyses examining the associations between psychopathy, empathy, and interoception while controlling for sex, age, and alexithymia. Exploratory path models were employed to investigate alexithymia and/or cognitive empathy as mediators between interoception and psychopathy. Our results largely confirmed the postulated empathy profiles across psychopathy dimensions, as meanness and primary psychopathy displayed a broad empathy impairment, while disinhibition and secondary psychopathy were only associated with diminished cognitive empathy. Importantly, boldness displayed a unique pattern (enhanced cognitive empathy and reduced affective empathy), further reinforcing its importance within the constellation of psychopathy traits. Contrary to our hypotheses, self-perceived interoceptive attention and accuracy were not associated with either psychopathy dimension after controlling for alexithymia. However, interoceptive accuracy and alexithymia were associated with cognitive empathy, while alexithymia was also positively related to all psychopathy dimensions (as expected), despite the unexpected strong and negative association with boldness. Exploratory analyses suggested significant indirect effects (mediation) between interoceptive accuracy and psychopathy via alexithymia and/or cognitive empathy. These mediating effects must be interpreted with caution and future studies should be designed to formally test this model.FrontiersRepositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico do PortoCampos, CarlosRocha, Nuno BarbosaBarbosa, Fernando2023-10-11T17:03:05Z2023-06-292023-06-29T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.22/23672engCampos, C., Rocha, N. B., & Barbosa, F. (2023). Dissociating cognitive and affective empathy across psychopathy dimensions: The role of interoception and alexithymia. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.108296510.3389/fpsyg.2023.10829651664-042Xinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-10-18T01:46:01Zoai:recipp.ipp.pt:10400.22/23672Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T20:35:52.429159Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Dissociating cognitive and affective empathy across psychopathy dimensions: the role of interoception and alexithymia |
title |
Dissociating cognitive and affective empathy across psychopathy dimensions: the role of interoception and alexithymia |
spellingShingle |
Dissociating cognitive and affective empathy across psychopathy dimensions: the role of interoception and alexithymia Campos, Carlos Psychopathy Personality Empathy Social cognition Interoception Interoceptive attention Interoceptive accuracy Alexithymia |
title_short |
Dissociating cognitive and affective empathy across psychopathy dimensions: the role of interoception and alexithymia |
title_full |
Dissociating cognitive and affective empathy across psychopathy dimensions: the role of interoception and alexithymia |
title_fullStr |
Dissociating cognitive and affective empathy across psychopathy dimensions: the role of interoception and alexithymia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Dissociating cognitive and affective empathy across psychopathy dimensions: the role of interoception and alexithymia |
title_sort |
Dissociating cognitive and affective empathy across psychopathy dimensions: the role of interoception and alexithymia |
author |
Campos, Carlos |
author_facet |
Campos, Carlos Rocha, Nuno Barbosa Barbosa, Fernando |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Rocha, Nuno Barbosa Barbosa, Fernando |
author2_role |
author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico do Porto |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Campos, Carlos Rocha, Nuno Barbosa Barbosa, Fernando |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Psychopathy Personality Empathy Social cognition Interoception Interoceptive attention Interoceptive accuracy Alexithymia |
topic |
Psychopathy Personality Empathy Social cognition Interoception Interoceptive attention Interoceptive accuracy Alexithymia |
description |
This study examined the associations between psychopathy dimensions (triarchic phenotypes and classical factors), empathy domains (cognitive and affective), and interoception (interoceptive attention and accuracy) while accounting for the putative role of alexithymia. A community sample (n = 515) completed an online survey encompassing: Triarchic Psychopathy Measure (boldness, meanness, disinhibition); Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (primary and secondary psychopathy); Body Perception Questionnaire (interoceptive attention); Interoceptive Accuracy Scale; Toronto Alexithymia Scale. Hierarchical linear regression models were implemented for hypothesis-driven analyses examining the associations between psychopathy, empathy, and interoception while controlling for sex, age, and alexithymia. Exploratory path models were employed to investigate alexithymia and/or cognitive empathy as mediators between interoception and psychopathy. Our results largely confirmed the postulated empathy profiles across psychopathy dimensions, as meanness and primary psychopathy displayed a broad empathy impairment, while disinhibition and secondary psychopathy were only associated with diminished cognitive empathy. Importantly, boldness displayed a unique pattern (enhanced cognitive empathy and reduced affective empathy), further reinforcing its importance within the constellation of psychopathy traits. Contrary to our hypotheses, self-perceived interoceptive attention and accuracy were not associated with either psychopathy dimension after controlling for alexithymia. However, interoceptive accuracy and alexithymia were associated with cognitive empathy, while alexithymia was also positively related to all psychopathy dimensions (as expected), despite the unexpected strong and negative association with boldness. Exploratory analyses suggested significant indirect effects (mediation) between interoceptive accuracy and psychopathy via alexithymia and/or cognitive empathy. These mediating effects must be interpreted with caution and future studies should be designed to formally test this model. |
publishDate |
2023 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-10-11T17:03:05Z 2023-06-29 2023-06-29T00:00:00Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.22/23672 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.22/23672 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Campos, C., Rocha, N. B., & Barbosa, F. (2023). Dissociating cognitive and affective empathy across psychopathy dimensions: The role of interoception and alexithymia. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1082965 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1082965 1664-042X |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Frontiers |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Frontiers |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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