Hydric behavior of earth materials and the effects of their stabilization with cement or lime: Study on repair mortars for historical rammed earth structures
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2016 |
Outros Autores: | , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10400.21/9571 |
Resumo: | Earthen building materials bear interesting environmental advantages and are the most appropriate to conserve historical earth constructions. To improve mechanical properties, these materials are often stabilized with cement or lime, but the impact of the stabilizers on the water transport properties, which are also critical, has been very rarely evaluated. The researchers have tested four earth-based repair mortars applied on three distinct and representative rammed earth surfaces. Three mortars are based on earth collected from rammed earth buildings in south of Portugal and the fourth mortar is based on a commercial clayish earth. The main objective of the work was over the commercial earth mortar, applied stabilized and not stabilized on the three rammed earth surfaces to repair, to assess the influence of the stabilizers. The other three earth mortars (not stabilized) were applied on each type of rammed earth, representing the repair only made with local materials. The four unstabilized earth materials depicted nonlinear dependence on t1/2 during capillary suction. This behavior was probably caused by clay swelling. Stabilization with any of the four tested binders enabled the linear dependence of t1/2 expected from Washburn's equation, probably because the swelling did not take place in this case. However, the stabilizers also significantly increased the capillary suction and the capillary porosity of the materials. This means that, in addition to increasing the carbon footprint, stabilizers, like cement and lime, have functional disadvantages that discourage their use in repair mortars for raw earth construction. |
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Hydric behavior of earth materials and the effects of their stabilization with cement or lime: Study on repair mortars for historical rammed earth structuresRammed earthRepair mortarStabilizationBinderWater transportEarthen building materials bear interesting environmental advantages and are the most appropriate to conserve historical earth constructions. To improve mechanical properties, these materials are often stabilized with cement or lime, but the impact of the stabilizers on the water transport properties, which are also critical, has been very rarely evaluated. The researchers have tested four earth-based repair mortars applied on three distinct and representative rammed earth surfaces. Three mortars are based on earth collected from rammed earth buildings in south of Portugal and the fourth mortar is based on a commercial clayish earth. The main objective of the work was over the commercial earth mortar, applied stabilized and not stabilized on the three rammed earth surfaces to repair, to assess the influence of the stabilizers. The other three earth mortars (not stabilized) were applied on each type of rammed earth, representing the repair only made with local materials. The four unstabilized earth materials depicted nonlinear dependence on t1/2 during capillary suction. This behavior was probably caused by clay swelling. Stabilization with any of the four tested binders enabled the linear dependence of t1/2 expected from Washburn's equation, probably because the swelling did not take place in this case. However, the stabilizers also significantly increased the capillary suction and the capillary porosity of the materials. This means that, in addition to increasing the carbon footprint, stabilizers, like cement and lime, have functional disadvantages that discourage their use in repair mortars for raw earth construction.American Society of Civil EngineersRCIPLGomes, MariaDiaz Gonçalves, TeresaFaria, Paulina2019-02-22T11:13:17Z2016-072016-07-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.21/9571engGOMES, Maria Idália; GONÇALVES, Teresa Diaz; FARIA, Paulina – Hydric behavior of earth materials and the effects of their stabilization with cement or lime: Study on repair mortars for historical rammed earth structures. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering. ISSN 0899-1561. Vol. 28, N.º 7 (2016), pp. 1-110899-156110.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0001536metadata only accessinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-08-03T09:58:25Zoai:repositorio.ipl.pt:10400.21/9571Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T20:18:07.256044Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Hydric behavior of earth materials and the effects of their stabilization with cement or lime: Study on repair mortars for historical rammed earth structures |
title |
Hydric behavior of earth materials and the effects of their stabilization with cement or lime: Study on repair mortars for historical rammed earth structures |
spellingShingle |
Hydric behavior of earth materials and the effects of their stabilization with cement or lime: Study on repair mortars for historical rammed earth structures Gomes, Maria Rammed earth Repair mortar Stabilization Binder Water transport |
title_short |
Hydric behavior of earth materials and the effects of their stabilization with cement or lime: Study on repair mortars for historical rammed earth structures |
title_full |
Hydric behavior of earth materials and the effects of their stabilization with cement or lime: Study on repair mortars for historical rammed earth structures |
title_fullStr |
Hydric behavior of earth materials and the effects of their stabilization with cement or lime: Study on repair mortars for historical rammed earth structures |
title_full_unstemmed |
Hydric behavior of earth materials and the effects of their stabilization with cement or lime: Study on repair mortars for historical rammed earth structures |
title_sort |
Hydric behavior of earth materials and the effects of their stabilization with cement or lime: Study on repair mortars for historical rammed earth structures |
author |
Gomes, Maria |
author_facet |
Gomes, Maria Diaz Gonçalves, Teresa Faria, Paulina |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Diaz Gonçalves, Teresa Faria, Paulina |
author2_role |
author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
RCIPL |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Gomes, Maria Diaz Gonçalves, Teresa Faria, Paulina |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Rammed earth Repair mortar Stabilization Binder Water transport |
topic |
Rammed earth Repair mortar Stabilization Binder Water transport |
description |
Earthen building materials bear interesting environmental advantages and are the most appropriate to conserve historical earth constructions. To improve mechanical properties, these materials are often stabilized with cement or lime, but the impact of the stabilizers on the water transport properties, which are also critical, has been very rarely evaluated. The researchers have tested four earth-based repair mortars applied on three distinct and representative rammed earth surfaces. Three mortars are based on earth collected from rammed earth buildings in south of Portugal and the fourth mortar is based on a commercial clayish earth. The main objective of the work was over the commercial earth mortar, applied stabilized and not stabilized on the three rammed earth surfaces to repair, to assess the influence of the stabilizers. The other three earth mortars (not stabilized) were applied on each type of rammed earth, representing the repair only made with local materials. The four unstabilized earth materials depicted nonlinear dependence on t1/2 during capillary suction. This behavior was probably caused by clay swelling. Stabilization with any of the four tested binders enabled the linear dependence of t1/2 expected from Washburn's equation, probably because the swelling did not take place in this case. However, the stabilizers also significantly increased the capillary suction and the capillary porosity of the materials. This means that, in addition to increasing the carbon footprint, stabilizers, like cement and lime, have functional disadvantages that discourage their use in repair mortars for raw earth construction. |
publishDate |
2016 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2016-07 2016-07-01T00:00:00Z 2019-02-22T11:13:17Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.21/9571 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.21/9571 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
GOMES, Maria Idália; GONÇALVES, Teresa Diaz; FARIA, Paulina – Hydric behavior of earth materials and the effects of their stabilization with cement or lime: Study on repair mortars for historical rammed earth structures. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering. ISSN 0899-1561. Vol. 28, N.º 7 (2016), pp. 1-11 0899-1561 10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0001536 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
metadata only access info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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metadata only access |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
American Society of Civil Engineers |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
American Society of Civil Engineers |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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RCAAP |
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RCAAP |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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