Bioetanol a partir de hidrolisados lenhocelulósicos simulados. Avaliação preliminar do papel dos sistemas de transporte membranar de Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Valente, Cláudia Maria Morais
Data de Publicação: 2010
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3323
Resumo: Mestrado em Engenharia de Sistemas Bioenergéticos - Instituto Superior de Agronomia
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spelling Bioetanol a partir de hidrolisados lenhocelulósicos simulados. Avaliação preliminar do papel dos sistemas de transporte membranar de Saccharomyces cerevisiaeBioethanol from simulated lignocellulosic hydrolysates: preliminary assessment of the role of membrane transport systems of Saccharomyces cerevisiaebioethanollignocellulosic hydrolysateSaccharomyces cerevisiaealcoholic fermentationmembrane transportbioetanolhidrolisado lenhocelulósicoinibidores lenhocelulósicosfermentação alcoolicatransporte membranarMestrado em Engenharia de Sistemas Bioenergéticos - Instituto Superior de AgronomiaThe environmental problems, rooted in our society, strongly contribute to an emerging demand to find alternative energy sources. In this context, bioethanol, the leading renewable biofuel, is noted for its strong contribution in reducing the negative environmental impacts generated by the use of fossil fuels. Despite being mainly produced nowadays from starch (first-generation), bioethanol can be produced from lignocellulosic material making it an even more "green" fuel (biofuel of second generation). However, stress conditions and / or presence of inhibitors may limit the whole fermentation process and hence the production of bioethanol. The main agents that inhibit yeast growth and fermentation itself are: substrate composition, ethanol concentration, temperature, pH and osmotic pressure. The mechanisms involved in tolerance and adaptation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to inhibitors present in lignocellulosic hydrolysates are not clear yet. However, it is proven that during the pre-treatment and hydrolysis phases several substances are produced that inhibit the growth and ethanol production by S. cerevisiae, including furfural, acetic acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acid. The sustainability of bioethanol production is in the acquisition of microorganisms resistant to such adverse conditions during the fermentation process. In this work conditions similar to those found in lignocellulosic hydrolysates were created in the laboratory environment. The strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4741 was initially submitted to different media that differed in the concentration of the main constituents found in such substrates. The time required to reach the early stationary phase was almost equal in all cases, ranging between three and five days. However, it was noted that the presence of toxics in the medium accelerated the fermentation process of the BY474 strain. On the other hand, there was a difficulty in reaching the depletion of glucose in a medium with toxic deficiency. From the growth curve of BY4741 strain it was observed that the period of fermentation was relatively long (ranging from 8 to 12 days) and the values of D.O.640nm were low (never exceeding 4,0). For this reason we studied the influence of the auxotrophic markers and nitrogen concentrations added to the medium. It was concluded that the markers concentration was essential for a reduction in fermentation time, and there was significant reduction in fermentation time when the triple of supplements was added to the medium. All studies of ethanol production, especially those related with the tolerance to different stresses, are based on effects on growth. In ethanol production, most of the fermentation process occurs when cells have their growth finished. For this reason, the present study sought to assess the behavior of seventeen deletion mutants during stationary phase, comparing its behavior to the exhaustion stage, and in analogy with the parental BY4741 strain behavior. Throughout this study, the fermentation took place in 50 mL of medium, in Erlenmeyer flasks of 100 mL, and its monitoring was performed by frequent measurements of the values of optical density (D.O.640nm) and glucose level. Stabilization of D.O.640nm indicated the beginning of the stationary phase and the depletion of glucose, which was detected qualitatively by commercial strips (DIABUR-TEST ® 5000), setting the end of fermentation. The first achievement of this work was the development of a methodology to survey the behavior of different strains in their ability to accomplish the production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic hydrolysates. It was utilized to monitor the effect caused in the fermentative process by the deletion of the genes involved in membrane transport. There were distinct behaviors among the seventeen mutants: in some cases the fermentative capacity was considerably better than in the BY4741 strain (as in GAL6 and TRK1 OPI3), in others the fermentative capacity was similar (as in GUP1, FPS1 and HXT3), and sometimes it was much worse (as in STL1, PDR5, PDR12 and ERG2). Four mutants that showed very different fermentation profiles compared with BY4741 strain were chosen for further studies. TRK1 and OPI3 were selected being the ones with the most rapid glucose exhaustion. PDR5 and SLT2 mutants were also chosen as representatives of the most negatively affected. In this set of mutants we determined the levels of glucose, ethanol and glycerol, and assessed their behaviors on the influx and efflux of protons accross the plasma membrane. All results were compared with those obtained of the parental strain. In the first place, it has been verified that the simple use of glucose test strips do work as an indicator of glucose concentration during the fermentation, having the results been confirmed through the determination of the sugar concentration with base in a more accurate method (method UV (nzytech D-glucose Kit)). The rates of influx and efflux of H+ protons trough the plasma membrane, supported the existence of differences in the physiologic state of the cells, in both sampling points. With this work, we realize that there are essential genes that facilitate the natural fermentation process, making these strains suitable for future research in this area. By finding strains with high fermentative capacity, high tolerance to inhibitors and stress conditions, especially high concentrations of ethanol and toxic compounds present in lignocellulosic hydrolysates. Those unique strains become more attractive to be properly investigated and eventually used as biological tools suitable for the construction of strains with new functional fermentative capabilities, which can be suitable for industrial processes.ISAPrista, Catarina GeoffroyDias, Maria da Conceição LoureiroRepositório da Universidade de LisboaValente, Cláudia Maria Morais2011-05-31T13:55:31Z20102010-01-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3323porinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-03-06T14:34:27Zoai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/3323Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T16:51:12.292012Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Bioetanol a partir de hidrolisados lenhocelulósicos simulados. Avaliação preliminar do papel dos sistemas de transporte membranar de Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Bioethanol from simulated lignocellulosic hydrolysates: preliminary assessment of the role of membrane transport systems of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
title Bioetanol a partir de hidrolisados lenhocelulósicos simulados. Avaliação preliminar do papel dos sistemas de transporte membranar de Saccharomyces cerevisiae
spellingShingle Bioetanol a partir de hidrolisados lenhocelulósicos simulados. Avaliação preliminar do papel dos sistemas de transporte membranar de Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Valente, Cláudia Maria Morais
bioethanol
lignocellulosic hydrolysate
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
alcoholic fermentation
membrane transport
bioetanol
hidrolisado lenhocelulósico
inibidores lenhocelulósicos
fermentação alcoolica
transporte membranar
title_short Bioetanol a partir de hidrolisados lenhocelulósicos simulados. Avaliação preliminar do papel dos sistemas de transporte membranar de Saccharomyces cerevisiae
title_full Bioetanol a partir de hidrolisados lenhocelulósicos simulados. Avaliação preliminar do papel dos sistemas de transporte membranar de Saccharomyces cerevisiae
title_fullStr Bioetanol a partir de hidrolisados lenhocelulósicos simulados. Avaliação preliminar do papel dos sistemas de transporte membranar de Saccharomyces cerevisiae
title_full_unstemmed Bioetanol a partir de hidrolisados lenhocelulósicos simulados. Avaliação preliminar do papel dos sistemas de transporte membranar de Saccharomyces cerevisiae
title_sort Bioetanol a partir de hidrolisados lenhocelulósicos simulados. Avaliação preliminar do papel dos sistemas de transporte membranar de Saccharomyces cerevisiae
author Valente, Cláudia Maria Morais
author_facet Valente, Cláudia Maria Morais
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Prista, Catarina Geoffroy
Dias, Maria da Conceição Loureiro
Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Valente, Cláudia Maria Morais
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv bioethanol
lignocellulosic hydrolysate
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
alcoholic fermentation
membrane transport
bioetanol
hidrolisado lenhocelulósico
inibidores lenhocelulósicos
fermentação alcoolica
transporte membranar
topic bioethanol
lignocellulosic hydrolysate
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
alcoholic fermentation
membrane transport
bioetanol
hidrolisado lenhocelulósico
inibidores lenhocelulósicos
fermentação alcoolica
transporte membranar
description Mestrado em Engenharia de Sistemas Bioenergéticos - Instituto Superior de Agronomia
publishDate 2010
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2010
2010-01-01T00:00:00Z
2011-05-31T13:55:31Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
format masterThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3323
url http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3323
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv por
language por
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv ISA
publisher.none.fl_str_mv ISA
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
instacron:RCAAP
instname_str Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
instacron_str RCAAP
institution RCAAP
reponame_str Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
collection Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
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