Exposure of children to ultrafine particles in primary schools in Portugal
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2015 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10400.18/4054 |
Resumo: | Children spend a large part of their time at schools, which might be reflected as chronic exposure. Ultrafine particles (UFP) are generally associated with a more severe toxicity compared to fine and coarse particles, due to their ability to penetrate cell membranes. In addition, children tend to be more susceptible to UFP-mediated toxicity compared to adults, due to various factors including undeveloped immune and respiratory systems and inhalation rates. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine indoor UFP number concentrations in Portuguese primary schools. Ultrafine particles were sampled between January and March 2014 in 10 public primary schools (35 classrooms) located in Porto, Portugal. Overall, the average indoor UFP number concentrations were not significantly different from outdoor concentrations (8.69 × 10(3) vs. 9.25 × 10(3) pt/cm(3), respectively; considering 6.5 h of indoor occupancy). Classrooms with distinct characteristics showed different trends of indoor UFP concentrations. The levels of carbon dioxide were negatively correlated with indoor UFP concentrations. Occupational density was significantly and positively correlated with UFP concentrations. Although the obtained results need to be interpreted with caution since there are no guidelines for UFP levels, special attention needs to be given to source control strategies in order to reduce major particle emissions and ensure good indoor air quality. |
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Exposure of children to ultrafine particles in primary schools in PortugalAir PollutantsAir PollutionChildEnvironmental MonitoringHumansParticulate MatterPortugalInhalation ExposureParticle SizeSchoolsIndoorAr e Saúde OcupacionalPortugalChildren spend a large part of their time at schools, which might be reflected as chronic exposure. Ultrafine particles (UFP) are generally associated with a more severe toxicity compared to fine and coarse particles, due to their ability to penetrate cell membranes. In addition, children tend to be more susceptible to UFP-mediated toxicity compared to adults, due to various factors including undeveloped immune and respiratory systems and inhalation rates. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine indoor UFP number concentrations in Portuguese primary schools. Ultrafine particles were sampled between January and March 2014 in 10 public primary schools (35 classrooms) located in Porto, Portugal. Overall, the average indoor UFP number concentrations were not significantly different from outdoor concentrations (8.69 × 10(3) vs. 9.25 × 10(3) pt/cm(3), respectively; considering 6.5 h of indoor occupancy). Classrooms with distinct characteristics showed different trends of indoor UFP concentrations. The levels of carbon dioxide were negatively correlated with indoor UFP concentrations. Occupational density was significantly and positively correlated with UFP concentrations. Although the obtained results need to be interpreted with caution since there are no guidelines for UFP levels, special attention needs to be given to source control strategies in order to reduce major particle emissions and ensure good indoor air quality.This study was performed in the framework of the ARIA project financed by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (PTDC/DTP-PA/1522/2012, FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-028709), the project “E2BE” (NORTE-07-0124-FEDER-000036) financed by the Portuguese CCDR-N through the European Union FEDER programme, and the fellowship SFRH/BPD/65722/2009.Taylor & FrancisRepositório Científico do Instituto Nacional de SaúdeRufo, João CavaleiroMadureira, JoanaPaciência, InêsSlezakova, KlaraPereira, Maria do CarmoPereira, CristianaTeixeira, João PauloPinto, MarianaMoreira, AndréFernandes, Eduardo de Oliveira2016-10-19T13:34:09Z20152015-01-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.18/4054engJ Toxicol Environ Health A. 2015;78(13-14):904-14. doi: 10.1080/15287394.2015.1048866.1528-739410.1080/15287394.2015.1048866info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-07-20T15:40:06Zoai:repositorio.insa.pt:10400.18/4054Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T18:38:50.337612Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Exposure of children to ultrafine particles in primary schools in Portugal |
title |
Exposure of children to ultrafine particles in primary schools in Portugal |
spellingShingle |
Exposure of children to ultrafine particles in primary schools in Portugal Rufo, João Cavaleiro Air Pollutants Air Pollution Child Environmental Monitoring Humans Particulate Matter Portugal Inhalation Exposure Particle Size Schools Indoor Ar e Saúde Ocupacional Portugal |
title_short |
Exposure of children to ultrafine particles in primary schools in Portugal |
title_full |
Exposure of children to ultrafine particles in primary schools in Portugal |
title_fullStr |
Exposure of children to ultrafine particles in primary schools in Portugal |
title_full_unstemmed |
Exposure of children to ultrafine particles in primary schools in Portugal |
title_sort |
Exposure of children to ultrafine particles in primary schools in Portugal |
author |
Rufo, João Cavaleiro |
author_facet |
Rufo, João Cavaleiro Madureira, Joana Paciência, Inês Slezakova, Klara Pereira, Maria do Carmo Pereira, Cristiana Teixeira, João Paulo Pinto, Mariana Moreira, André Fernandes, Eduardo de Oliveira |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Madureira, Joana Paciência, Inês Slezakova, Klara Pereira, Maria do Carmo Pereira, Cristiana Teixeira, João Paulo Pinto, Mariana Moreira, André Fernandes, Eduardo de Oliveira |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Científico do Instituto Nacional de Saúde |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Rufo, João Cavaleiro Madureira, Joana Paciência, Inês Slezakova, Klara Pereira, Maria do Carmo Pereira, Cristiana Teixeira, João Paulo Pinto, Mariana Moreira, André Fernandes, Eduardo de Oliveira |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Air Pollutants Air Pollution Child Environmental Monitoring Humans Particulate Matter Portugal Inhalation Exposure Particle Size Schools Indoor Ar e Saúde Ocupacional Portugal |
topic |
Air Pollutants Air Pollution Child Environmental Monitoring Humans Particulate Matter Portugal Inhalation Exposure Particle Size Schools Indoor Ar e Saúde Ocupacional Portugal |
description |
Children spend a large part of their time at schools, which might be reflected as chronic exposure. Ultrafine particles (UFP) are generally associated with a more severe toxicity compared to fine and coarse particles, due to their ability to penetrate cell membranes. In addition, children tend to be more susceptible to UFP-mediated toxicity compared to adults, due to various factors including undeveloped immune and respiratory systems and inhalation rates. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine indoor UFP number concentrations in Portuguese primary schools. Ultrafine particles were sampled between January and March 2014 in 10 public primary schools (35 classrooms) located in Porto, Portugal. Overall, the average indoor UFP number concentrations were not significantly different from outdoor concentrations (8.69 × 10(3) vs. 9.25 × 10(3) pt/cm(3), respectively; considering 6.5 h of indoor occupancy). Classrooms with distinct characteristics showed different trends of indoor UFP concentrations. The levels of carbon dioxide were negatively correlated with indoor UFP concentrations. Occupational density was significantly and positively correlated with UFP concentrations. Although the obtained results need to be interpreted with caution since there are no guidelines for UFP levels, special attention needs to be given to source control strategies in order to reduce major particle emissions and ensure good indoor air quality. |
publishDate |
2015 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2015 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z 2016-10-19T13:34:09Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.18/4054 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.18/4054 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2015;78(13-14):904-14. doi: 10.1080/15287394.2015.1048866. 1528-7394 10.1080/15287394.2015.1048866 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Taylor & Francis |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Taylor & Francis |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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RCAAP |
institution |
RCAAP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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