Risk factors for sporadic hepatitis A infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Thébault, Anne
Data de Publicação: 2018
Outros Autores: Roque-Afonso, Anne Marie, Kooh, Pauline, Cadavez, Vasco, Gonzales-Barron, Ursula, Pavio, Nicole
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10198/23431
Resumo: Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is responsible for common acute viral hepatitis worldwide. Improvement in sanitation and use of efficient vaccines have reduced HAV incidence in developed countries. However, naive adult population are most susceptible to severe outcomes, and high endemic areas persist in developing regions. The transmission of HAV through the fecal-oral route is established. However, considering evolving consumption habits and global market exchange of food, investigations on risk factors associated with HAV infection are needed. Thus, a systematic review and a meta-analysis of case-control, cohort and transversal studies was performed to determine the main risk factors associated with sporadic HAV infection. Relevant scientific articles were identified through systematic literature search and subjected to a methodological quality assessment. Mixed-effects meta-analyses models were adjusted by population type to appropriate data partitions. HAV infections are defined by serological testing. The quality assessment stage selected 78 studies investigating risk factors for sporadic infections with hepatitis A conducted between 1985 and 2013. This meta-analysis confirmed that HAV infections are mostly related to inter-human transmissions, either due to contact with an ill person, through oral-anal sex practice, or lack of personal hygiene. Travel to endemic countries, occupational exposure such as working in child daycare, and exposure to wastewater were associated with HAV infection. As HAV can persist in the environment, it was not surprising that consumption of untreated drinking water, shellfish consumed raw, and crop products were risk factors. Food contamination could be due to the use of contaminated water (fruits, vegetables) or originate from infected food handlers at every point of the food chain (from picking to serving). Eating or drinking outside were associated with HAV infection. A lack of recent case-control studies was identified, with only three studies eligible between 2011 and 2017. Case-control studies required a more precise definition of risk factors such as type of crop product, and storing/preparation information (e.g. washed, frozen). The frequency of consumption or duration of environmental exposure could also better inform relationship between exposure and risk of infection. In a context of epidemiological change of HAV, international travel and trade of foods, future case-control studies are needed and should focus on populations at risk of severe infections and acute cases.
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spelling Risk factors for sporadic hepatitis A infection: a systematic review and meta-analysisCase-control studiesCohort studiesHAVMeta-regressionResearch synthesisHepatitis A virus (HAV) is responsible for common acute viral hepatitis worldwide. Improvement in sanitation and use of efficient vaccines have reduced HAV incidence in developed countries. However, naive adult population are most susceptible to severe outcomes, and high endemic areas persist in developing regions. The transmission of HAV through the fecal-oral route is established. However, considering evolving consumption habits and global market exchange of food, investigations on risk factors associated with HAV infection are needed. Thus, a systematic review and a meta-analysis of case-control, cohort and transversal studies was performed to determine the main risk factors associated with sporadic HAV infection. Relevant scientific articles were identified through systematic literature search and subjected to a methodological quality assessment. Mixed-effects meta-analyses models were adjusted by population type to appropriate data partitions. HAV infections are defined by serological testing. The quality assessment stage selected 78 studies investigating risk factors for sporadic infections with hepatitis A conducted between 1985 and 2013. This meta-analysis confirmed that HAV infections are mostly related to inter-human transmissions, either due to contact with an ill person, through oral-anal sex practice, or lack of personal hygiene. Travel to endemic countries, occupational exposure such as working in child daycare, and exposure to wastewater were associated with HAV infection. As HAV can persist in the environment, it was not surprising that consumption of untreated drinking water, shellfish consumed raw, and crop products were risk factors. Food contamination could be due to the use of contaminated water (fruits, vegetables) or originate from infected food handlers at every point of the food chain (from picking to serving). Eating or drinking outside were associated with HAV infection. A lack of recent case-control studies was identified, with only three studies eligible between 2011 and 2017. Case-control studies required a more precise definition of risk factors such as type of crop product, and storing/preparation information (e.g. washed, frozen). The frequency of consumption or duration of environmental exposure could also better inform relationship between exposure and risk of infection. In a context of epidemiological change of HAV, international travel and trade of foods, future case-control studies are needed and should focus on populations at risk of severe infections and acute cases.U. Gonzales-Barron and V. Cadavez are grateful to the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) and FEDER under programme PT2020 for the financial support to CIMO (UID/AGR/00690/2019).Biblioteca Digital do IPBThébault, AnneRoque-Afonso, Anne MarieKooh, PaulineCadavez, VascoGonzales-Barron, UrsulaPavio, Nicole2018-01-19T10:00:00Z20202020-01-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10198/23431engThébault, Anne; Roque-Afonso, Anne Marie; Kooh, Pauline; Cadavez, Vasco; Gonzales-Barron, Ursula; Pavio, Nicole (2020). Risk factors for sporadic hepatitis A infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Microbial Risk Analysis. ISSN 2352-3522. p. 1-1310.1016/j.mran.2020.100155info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-11-21T10:52:23Zoai:bibliotecadigital.ipb.pt:10198/23431Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T23:14:25.566899Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Risk factors for sporadic hepatitis A infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title Risk factors for sporadic hepatitis A infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
spellingShingle Risk factors for sporadic hepatitis A infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Thébault, Anne
Case-control studies
Cohort studies
HAV
Meta-regression
Research synthesis
title_short Risk factors for sporadic hepatitis A infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full Risk factors for sporadic hepatitis A infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_fullStr Risk factors for sporadic hepatitis A infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed Risk factors for sporadic hepatitis A infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_sort Risk factors for sporadic hepatitis A infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
author Thébault, Anne
author_facet Thébault, Anne
Roque-Afonso, Anne Marie
Kooh, Pauline
Cadavez, Vasco
Gonzales-Barron, Ursula
Pavio, Nicole
author_role author
author2 Roque-Afonso, Anne Marie
Kooh, Pauline
Cadavez, Vasco
Gonzales-Barron, Ursula
Pavio, Nicole
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Biblioteca Digital do IPB
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Thébault, Anne
Roque-Afonso, Anne Marie
Kooh, Pauline
Cadavez, Vasco
Gonzales-Barron, Ursula
Pavio, Nicole
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Case-control studies
Cohort studies
HAV
Meta-regression
Research synthesis
topic Case-control studies
Cohort studies
HAV
Meta-regression
Research synthesis
description Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is responsible for common acute viral hepatitis worldwide. Improvement in sanitation and use of efficient vaccines have reduced HAV incidence in developed countries. However, naive adult population are most susceptible to severe outcomes, and high endemic areas persist in developing regions. The transmission of HAV through the fecal-oral route is established. However, considering evolving consumption habits and global market exchange of food, investigations on risk factors associated with HAV infection are needed. Thus, a systematic review and a meta-analysis of case-control, cohort and transversal studies was performed to determine the main risk factors associated with sporadic HAV infection. Relevant scientific articles were identified through systematic literature search and subjected to a methodological quality assessment. Mixed-effects meta-analyses models were adjusted by population type to appropriate data partitions. HAV infections are defined by serological testing. The quality assessment stage selected 78 studies investigating risk factors for sporadic infections with hepatitis A conducted between 1985 and 2013. This meta-analysis confirmed that HAV infections are mostly related to inter-human transmissions, either due to contact with an ill person, through oral-anal sex practice, or lack of personal hygiene. Travel to endemic countries, occupational exposure such as working in child daycare, and exposure to wastewater were associated with HAV infection. As HAV can persist in the environment, it was not surprising that consumption of untreated drinking water, shellfish consumed raw, and crop products were risk factors. Food contamination could be due to the use of contaminated water (fruits, vegetables) or originate from infected food handlers at every point of the food chain (from picking to serving). Eating or drinking outside were associated with HAV infection. A lack of recent case-control studies was identified, with only three studies eligible between 2011 and 2017. Case-control studies required a more precise definition of risk factors such as type of crop product, and storing/preparation information (e.g. washed, frozen). The frequency of consumption or duration of environmental exposure could also better inform relationship between exposure and risk of infection. In a context of epidemiological change of HAV, international travel and trade of foods, future case-control studies are needed and should focus on populations at risk of severe infections and acute cases.
publishDate 2018
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2018-01-19T10:00:00Z
2020
2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10198/23431
url http://hdl.handle.net/10198/23431
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Thébault, Anne; Roque-Afonso, Anne Marie; Kooh, Pauline; Cadavez, Vasco; Gonzales-Barron, Ursula; Pavio, Nicole (2020). Risk factors for sporadic hepatitis A infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Microbial Risk Analysis. ISSN 2352-3522. p. 1-13
10.1016/j.mran.2020.100155
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