Crontributos do Design nas relações interculturais em contexto escolar : projeto de design desenvolvido na Escola Básica Nº 1 de Lisboa

• Autor(a) principal: Laranjeiro, Susana Carreira
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10451/35123
• topic: Escola Básica Nº 1 de Lisboa (Arroios); Design de equipamento; Design social; Comunicação intercultural; Projeto O Mundo está na nossa Escola; Teses de mestrado - 2018; Design de Equipamento - Especialização em Design de Produto

O design enquanto ferramenta facilitadora e de pensamento criativo, pretende atuar, sustentar e orientar os processos com vista a uma mudança social. Durante cinco meses aplicou-se um conjunto de ações conduzidos pelo conhecimento de design de modo a encontrar formas de melhorar as relações interculturais em contexto escolar, através de um projeto baseado na metodologia do design thinking com crianças do ensino básico da Escola Básica Nº1 de Lisboa. A escola referida situa-se na freguesia de Arroios e reflete a multiculturalidade dessa zona, caracterizada por diferentes pessoas, culturas e comércio tradicional de várias partes do mundo. O projeto de design tem como objetivo proporcionar um conjunto de práticas criativas para solucionar as dificuldades culturais encontradas, colocando as crianças em reflexão e a materializar as suas experiências e memórias para as apresentar à comunidade escolar. Assim, as crianças fizeram das suas fragilidades matéria para pensar e criar algo que as pudesse orgulhar, mas também que demonstrasse a dimensão e a identidade de cada um. A presente dissertação de mestrado procura dar um contributo positivo numa das problemáticas presentes nos debates atuais, as relações interculturais, através de práticas de design. A globalização e os crescentes fluxos migratórios trouxeram pessoas de diferentes culturas a Portugal, trazendo desafios, como o respeito e a tolerância intercultural. A imigração contribui para as sociedades estarem cada vez mais plurais e heterogéneas, levando à convivência de diversas identidades, culturas e religiões que comportam em si diferentes modos de estar e pensar. O contexto escolar é significativo neste fenómeno pois é o espaço do conhecimento dos outros e da apreensão da tolerância cultural. Design is a facilitator and creative thinking tool that intends to act, sustain and guide processes towards social change. During five months, a variety of design-related actions were carried out in order to find different ways of improving intercultural relations within the school context. The project was based on the design thinking methodology and counted with the participation of the elementary-level students of the school Escola Básica Nº1 in Lisbon. This school is located in the parish of Arroios and reflects the multiculturality of the area, characterized by the diversity of people, cultures and traditional commerce from various parts of the world. The goal of this design project was to provide a set of creative practices to solve the cultural difficulties encountered in this specific context, by getting the children to reflect and materialize their experiences and memories, and then present them to the entire school community. This way, the children not only turned their fragilities into matter and created something they were proud of, but also were able to demonstrate their own dimension and identity. This dissertation seeks to make a positive impact and contribute to one of the most currently debated world problems - intercultural relations - through design practices. Globalization and the increasing migratory flows have brought people from different cultures to Portugal, bringing up challenges such as respect and intercultural tolerance. Immigration contributes to societies becoming increasingly plural and heterogeneous, leading to the coexistence of diverse identities, cultures and religions that have different ways of being and thinking. The school context is very significant in this phenomenon since it is a space of knowledge and deep apprehension of cultural tolerance. This research has shown that design can play a significant role in the exercise of cultural tolerance and awareness for specific social problems - being that schools should always be a space that encourages intercultural relations in order to deconstruct prejudices and stereotypes that can jeopardize the construction of a plural and democratic citizenship. After the completion of the workshops, improvements in self-esteem, self-knowledge and respect for cultural identities were noticeable, using design to trigger and promote social and cultural initiatives. As a conclusion of this project, a common story about the children, a model, characters, a video and panels with the workshop process summarized were created, resulting in an exhibition with all these elements showcased at the closing ceremony of the school year