Impact of wildfires on Portuguese closed waste dumps
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2020 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10773/28914 |
Resumo: | Portugal is a country extremely prone to forest fires, a combination of factors such as the Mediterranean climate, the lack of forest management and human ignition, combined with climate change, lead to the formation of small to catastrophic wildfires. Until the early 2000s, Portugal had 341 waste dumps scattered across the country, especially in forest areas, where waste was deposited without control, directly on the ground, using methods such as open combustion to reduce the volume of waste. This dissertation aimed to identify the impacts of wildfires in old closed waste dumps. For this purpose, two case studies of closed waste dumps affected by wildfires in 2017 (municipality of Nelas) and 2019 (municipality of A-a-Velha) were selected. However, only the case study of the closed waste dump affected by a wildfire in 2019 was a little more explored. The results of the field campaign revealed that the wildfire was of low severity, having not penetrated the deeper layers in the soil that reached the residues. However, the closed waste dump still contains organic residues that are combustible, and that can therefore represent a danger in an upcoming wildfire. The lower heating value of the waste from the waste dump was estimated at approximately 9.62 MJ/kg of waste (wet base). The stock of organic carbon present in these residues was estimated at between 4400 to 4900 ton, which, in case of complete combustion, would result in an emission of 16 to 18 thousand ton of CO2. From the literature overview carried out on the impacts of natural events in landfills and dumps (in operation and closed) it was found that the most portrayed events are coastal erosion, floods and fires (natural and anthropogenic). However, the number of studies reported is small, especially with regard to the impacts of wildfires in controlled landfills or dumps. |
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Impact of wildfires on Portuguese closed waste dumpsClimate changeContaminationLandfillsMunicipal wasteNatural eventsWaste dumpWildfiresPortugal is a country extremely prone to forest fires, a combination of factors such as the Mediterranean climate, the lack of forest management and human ignition, combined with climate change, lead to the formation of small to catastrophic wildfires. Until the early 2000s, Portugal had 341 waste dumps scattered across the country, especially in forest areas, where waste was deposited without control, directly on the ground, using methods such as open combustion to reduce the volume of waste. This dissertation aimed to identify the impacts of wildfires in old closed waste dumps. For this purpose, two case studies of closed waste dumps affected by wildfires in 2017 (municipality of Nelas) and 2019 (municipality of A-a-Velha) were selected. However, only the case study of the closed waste dump affected by a wildfire in 2019 was a little more explored. The results of the field campaign revealed that the wildfire was of low severity, having not penetrated the deeper layers in the soil that reached the residues. However, the closed waste dump still contains organic residues that are combustible, and that can therefore represent a danger in an upcoming wildfire. The lower heating value of the waste from the waste dump was estimated at approximately 9.62 MJ/kg of waste (wet base). The stock of organic carbon present in these residues was estimated at between 4400 to 4900 ton, which, in case of complete combustion, would result in an emission of 16 to 18 thousand ton of CO2. From the literature overview carried out on the impacts of natural events in landfills and dumps (in operation and closed) it was found that the most portrayed events are coastal erosion, floods and fires (natural and anthropogenic). However, the number of studies reported is small, especially with regard to the impacts of wildfires in controlled landfills or dumps.Portugal é um país extremamente propenso a fogos florestais, uma combinação de fatores como o clima mediterrânico, a falta de gestão florestal e a ignição humana, combinados com as mudanças climáticas, levam à formação de incêndios florestais de dimensão pequena a catastrófica. Até ao início dos anos 2000, Portugal tinha 341 lixeiras espalhadas em todo o país, sobretudo em áreas florestais, onde os resíduos eram depositados sem controlo, diretamente no solo, usando métodos como a queima a céu aberto para reduzir o volume de resíduos. Esta dissertação teve como objetivo a identificação dos impactes dos incêndios florestais em antigas lixeiras encerradas. Para isso, foram selecionados dois casos de estudo de antigas lixeiras afetadas por incêndios florestais em 2017 (município de Nelas) e 2019 (município de A-a-Velha). No entanto, apenas o caso de estudo da lixeira afetada por um incêndio florestal em 2019 foi um pouco mais explorado. Os resultados do trabalho de campo revelaram que o incêndio florestal foi de baixa severidade, não tendo penetrado até camadas mais profundas no solo que atingisse os resíduos. Contudo, a antiga lixeira ainda possui resíduos orgânicos que são combustíveis, e que podem, por isso, representar um perigo num eventual próximo incêndio florestal. O poder calorifico inferior dos resíduos da lixeira foi estimado em aproximadamente 9.62 MJ/kg de resíduo (base tal e qual). O stock de carbono orgânico presente nestes resíduos foi estimado em cerca de 4400 a 4900 toneladas que, em caso de combustão completa, resultaria numa emissão 16 a 18 mil toneladas de CO2. Da revisão da literatura realizada acerca dos impactes de eventos naturais em aterros e lixeiras (em operação e encerrados) verificou-se que os eventos mais retratados são a erosão costeira, as inundações e os incêndios (naturais e antropogénicos). Porém, o número de estudos reportados é diminuto, sobretudo no que concerne aos impactes dos incêndios florestais em aterros controlados ou lixeiras.2022-07-14T00:00:00Z2020-01-01T00:00:00Z2020info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10773/28914engHenriques, Patrícia Alexandra Machadoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2024-02-22T11:55:57Zoai:ria.ua.pt:10773/28914Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-20T03:01:23.619176Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Impact of wildfires on Portuguese closed waste dumps |
title |
Impact of wildfires on Portuguese closed waste dumps |
spellingShingle |
Impact of wildfires on Portuguese closed waste dumps Henriques, Patrícia Alexandra Machado Climate change Contamination Landfills Municipal waste Natural events Waste dump Wildfires |
title_short |
Impact of wildfires on Portuguese closed waste dumps |
title_full |
Impact of wildfires on Portuguese closed waste dumps |
title_fullStr |
Impact of wildfires on Portuguese closed waste dumps |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impact of wildfires on Portuguese closed waste dumps |
title_sort |
Impact of wildfires on Portuguese closed waste dumps |
author |
Henriques, Patrícia Alexandra Machado |
author_facet |
Henriques, Patrícia Alexandra Machado |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Henriques, Patrícia Alexandra Machado |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Climate change Contamination Landfills Municipal waste Natural events Waste dump Wildfires |
topic |
Climate change Contamination Landfills Municipal waste Natural events Waste dump Wildfires |
description |
Portugal is a country extremely prone to forest fires, a combination of factors such as the Mediterranean climate, the lack of forest management and human ignition, combined with climate change, lead to the formation of small to catastrophic wildfires. Until the early 2000s, Portugal had 341 waste dumps scattered across the country, especially in forest areas, where waste was deposited without control, directly on the ground, using methods such as open combustion to reduce the volume of waste. This dissertation aimed to identify the impacts of wildfires in old closed waste dumps. For this purpose, two case studies of closed waste dumps affected by wildfires in 2017 (municipality of Nelas) and 2019 (municipality of A-a-Velha) were selected. However, only the case study of the closed waste dump affected by a wildfire in 2019 was a little more explored. The results of the field campaign revealed that the wildfire was of low severity, having not penetrated the deeper layers in the soil that reached the residues. However, the closed waste dump still contains organic residues that are combustible, and that can therefore represent a danger in an upcoming wildfire. The lower heating value of the waste from the waste dump was estimated at approximately 9.62 MJ/kg of waste (wet base). The stock of organic carbon present in these residues was estimated at between 4400 to 4900 ton, which, in case of complete combustion, would result in an emission of 16 to 18 thousand ton of CO2. From the literature overview carried out on the impacts of natural events in landfills and dumps (in operation and closed) it was found that the most portrayed events are coastal erosion, floods and fires (natural and anthropogenic). However, the number of studies reported is small, especially with regard to the impacts of wildfires in controlled landfills or dumps. |
publishDate |
2020 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2020-01-01T00:00:00Z 2020 2022-07-14T00:00:00Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
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http://hdl.handle.net/10773/28914 |
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http://hdl.handle.net/10773/28914 |
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eng |
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eng |
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application/pdf |
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reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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RCAAP |
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RCAAP |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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1799137669540741120 |