Dry blood spot: based proteomic profiling in coronary artery disease

• Autor(a) principal: Veloso, Jacinta Carvalho
• Data de Publicação: 2022
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10773/35968
• topic: DBS; Dry blood spot; Proteomic; Mass spectrometry; Biomarker; Coronary arterial disease; CAD; Galectin-3; Gal-3; Apolipoprotein A1; Apo-A1; Apolipoprotein E; Apo-E; AMBP; Brain natriuretic peptide; BNP

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the disease with one of the highest rates of mortality and morbidity in the world. It is characterized by chest discomfort (angina) and associated with the following risk factors: age, sex, ethnicity, family history, stress, obesity, hypertension and diabetes. To improve diagnosis and mitigate the development of the disease, there is the need for rapid and effective screening, with dried blood spot being a possible alternative in the future. The dried blood spot (DBS) is a test characterized by the collection of a drop of blood from a prick on a patient's finger and dried on filter paper. This method has the advantages of requiring a small sample volume, being minimally invasive, not requiring a healthcare professional and being low cost. This dissertation is a proof of concept where, using a set of 10 samples (5 control and 5 CAD patients), we performed proteomic quantification of DBS samples through mass spectrometry, western blot validation of 5 potential biomarkers (AMBP, Apo-A1, Apo-E, BNP and Gal-3); and finally, a bibliometric analysis that relates coronary artery disease, dry blood spot and target proteins. Through a proteomics-based approach, 221 proteins were identified and quantified, 14 of which were identified and quantified for the first time in DBS. From western blot analysis, AMBP and BNP proteins showed no statistical differences between the control and CAD groups, Apo-A1, Apo-E and Gal-3 proteins showed higher levels in the control group compared to the CAD group. Bibliometric analysis showed the relationship between proteins, CAD and DBS. DBS proved to be an effective method for recognizing CAD, since the results allowed the validation of mass spectrometry and western blot techniques in dry blood spot for CAD. Bibliometric analysis confirmed the association of coronary artery disease, dry blood spot and proteins. As this study is the first to integrate a mass spectrometry analysis, western blot and bibliometric analysis with the DBS technique for coronary artery disease, further studies are needed in the future.