New HVAC Sustainability Index - TWI (Total Water Impact)

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Santos, Alexandre Fernandes
Data de Publicação: 2020
Outros Autores: Gaspar, Pedro Dinis, Souza, Heraldo
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/10362
Resumo: Sales of air conditioning are growing rapidly in buildings, more than tripling between 1990 and 2016. This energy use for air conditioning comes from a combination of rising temperatures, rising population and economic growth. Energy demand for climate control will triple by 2050, consuming more energy than that currently consumed altogether by the United States, the European Union and Japan. This increase in energy will directly impact water consumption, either to directly cool a condenser of an equipment or to serve indirectly as a basis for energy sources such as hydroelectric power that feed these heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. Knowing the unique and growing importance of water, a new index, Total Water Impact (TWI) is presented, which allows a holistic comparison of the impact of water use on water, air and evaporative condensation climate systems. 200 and 500 TON (tons of refrigeration) air-cooled and water-cooled systems are theoretically compared to evaluate the general water consumption level. The TWI index is higher in the smallest water condensing system. That is, holistically, water consumption is higher in the water condensing system than in the air condensing system. Thus, this index provides a new insight about energy consumption and ultimately, about sustainability.
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spelling New HVAC Sustainability Index - TWI (Total Water Impact)HVACWater-cooled condenserAir-cooled condenserEvaporativeTWISales of air conditioning are growing rapidly in buildings, more than tripling between 1990 and 2016. This energy use for air conditioning comes from a combination of rising temperatures, rising population and economic growth. Energy demand for climate control will triple by 2050, consuming more energy than that currently consumed altogether by the United States, the European Union and Japan. This increase in energy will directly impact water consumption, either to directly cool a condenser of an equipment or to serve indirectly as a basis for energy sources such as hydroelectric power that feed these heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. Knowing the unique and growing importance of water, a new index, Total Water Impact (TWI) is presented, which allows a holistic comparison of the impact of water use on water, air and evaporative condensation climate systems. 200 and 500 TON (tons of refrigeration) air-cooled and water-cooled systems are theoretically compared to evaluate the general water consumption level. The TWI index is higher in the smallest water condensing system. That is, holistically, water consumption is higher in the water condensing system than in the air condensing system. Thus, this index provides a new insight about energy consumption and ultimately, about sustainability.uBibliorumSantos, Alexandre FernandesGaspar, Pedro DinisSouza, Heraldo2020-07-13T11:28:22Z2020-042020-04-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/10362eng10.3390/en13071590info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-12-15T09:52:05Zoai:ubibliorum.ubi.pt:10400.6/10362Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-20T00:50:20.659531Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv New HVAC Sustainability Index - TWI (Total Water Impact)
title New HVAC Sustainability Index - TWI (Total Water Impact)
spellingShingle New HVAC Sustainability Index - TWI (Total Water Impact)
Santos, Alexandre Fernandes
HVAC
Water-cooled condenser
Air-cooled condenser
Evaporative
TWI
title_short New HVAC Sustainability Index - TWI (Total Water Impact)
title_full New HVAC Sustainability Index - TWI (Total Water Impact)
title_fullStr New HVAC Sustainability Index - TWI (Total Water Impact)
title_full_unstemmed New HVAC Sustainability Index - TWI (Total Water Impact)
title_sort New HVAC Sustainability Index - TWI (Total Water Impact)
author Santos, Alexandre Fernandes
author_facet Santos, Alexandre Fernandes
Gaspar, Pedro Dinis
Souza, Heraldo
author_role author
author2 Gaspar, Pedro Dinis
Souza, Heraldo
author2_role author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv uBibliorum
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Santos, Alexandre Fernandes
Gaspar, Pedro Dinis
Souza, Heraldo
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv HVAC
Water-cooled condenser
Air-cooled condenser
Evaporative
TWI
topic HVAC
Water-cooled condenser
Air-cooled condenser
Evaporative
TWI
description Sales of air conditioning are growing rapidly in buildings, more than tripling between 1990 and 2016. This energy use for air conditioning comes from a combination of rising temperatures, rising population and economic growth. Energy demand for climate control will triple by 2050, consuming more energy than that currently consumed altogether by the United States, the European Union and Japan. This increase in energy will directly impact water consumption, either to directly cool a condenser of an equipment or to serve indirectly as a basis for energy sources such as hydroelectric power that feed these heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. Knowing the unique and growing importance of water, a new index, Total Water Impact (TWI) is presented, which allows a holistic comparison of the impact of water use on water, air and evaporative condensation climate systems. 200 and 500 TON (tons of refrigeration) air-cooled and water-cooled systems are theoretically compared to evaluate the general water consumption level. The TWI index is higher in the smallest water condensing system. That is, holistically, water consumption is higher in the water condensing system than in the air condensing system. Thus, this index provides a new insight about energy consumption and ultimately, about sustainability.
publishDate 2020
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2020-07-13T11:28:22Z
2020-04
2020-04-01T00:00:00Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/10362
url http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/10362
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv 10.3390/en13071590
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dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
instacron:RCAAP
instname_str Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
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reponame_str Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
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