Pneumococcal peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis - three case reports and literature review

• Autor(a) principal: Pereira,Tiago Assis
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Outros Autores: Vizinho,Ricardo, Branco,Patricia, Gaspar,Augusta, Barata,José Diogo
• Tipo de documento: Relatório
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0872-01692015000400013
• topic: Invasive pneumococcal disease; peritoneal dialysis; pneumococcal peritonitis

Peritonitis and catheter-related infections are a frequent complication in peritoneal dialysis, usually driven by commensal microorganisms. They carry a significant morbidity and mortality burden and have known consequences on viability of peritoneal dialysis and patient survival. This article describes three clinical cases, in which three different peritoneal dialysis patients presented pneumococcal peritonitis, two of which were related with obvious previous or concomitant respiratory symptoms suggesting respiratory infection. There is scarce literature reporting pneumococcal peritonitis; only four cases are described and, excepting one, with identified primary foci of infection other than respiratory tract. The authors reinforce the probable haematogenous route of infection by a probable respiratory primary point. Although no direct or contiguous relation is evident, peritoneal patients present a higher risk of peritonitis during extra-peritoneal infections, likewise invasive pneumococcal disease, and appropriate antimicrobial approach and pro-active prophylaxis, when applicable, is necessary (e.g., vaccination)