Os ajustes posturais antecipatórios em jogadores de futebol com Paralisia Cerebral

• Autor(a) principal: Cláudia Isabel Martins Cardoso
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/87818
• topic: Outras ciências sociais; Other social sciences

The Anticipatory Postural Adjustments (APA) are generated by the Central Nervous System to contradict the expected mechanical effects of the execution of a near future action, in a feedforward way. They are described by an activation of the upper body and lower limbs muscles at least 250 ms before a predictable consecutive disturbance.The goal of this study is to evaluate the APAs during half-step, in subjects with Cerebral Palsy in a motor frame of hemiplegia. We intend to evaluate if the physical activity, soccer in this case, influences the APAs and postural responses.The sample was, by convenience, composed of 8 individuals diagnosed with cerebral palsy with an age range between 18 and 40 years old. They were divided into 2 groups: group I was composed of 6 individuals who practise soccer and group II was composed of 2 individuals who do not practise any sports activity. The electromyographic activity of the distal postural muscles (soleus (SO) and tibialis anterior (TA)) and proximal (rectus femoris (RF) and biceps femoris (BF)) was registered previously to the half-step in two intervals -250ms to -100ms (APA 1) and between -100ms and +50ms (APA 2), with the ratios between the agonist/ antagonist muscles being calculated afterwards.The statistical procedures used included descriptive statistics, the Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests and the correlation coefficient. The significance level was set at = 0,05.From the obtained results, one should stress the significant differences, in the interval of the APA 1 in the first evaluation moment (M0), between the two groups in the TA to SO ratio, where the athletes activate mainly the TA muscle and the controls the SO. Significant differences have also been obtained in the RF to BF ratio within the group of athletes from moment M0 to M1 in the APA1, where they increased the activity of the RF. In what comes to the correlations in the mediolateral and the anteroposterior forces, they displayed moderate to strong negative values and in the case of the mediolateral and anteroposterior pressure centres, weak correlations of positive values have been found.It has been concluded that sports practice, even in pathology, causes changes in muscular activity and in the postural anticipatory adjustments.