Youth access to cigarettes across seven european countries

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Nuyts, Paulien A.W.
Data de Publicação: 2020
Outros Autores: Hewer, Rebecca M.F., Kuipers, Mirte A.G., Lorant, Vincent, Grard, Adeline, Hill, Sarah, Amos, Amanda, Alves, Joana, Leão, Teresa
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10362/120672
Resumo: Publisher Copyright: © 2019 The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco. Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
id RCAP_e8112ca1a7270b5317b7834e3cb5cdea
oai_identifier_str oai:run.unl.pt:10362/120672
network_acronym_str RCAP
network_name_str Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
repository_id_str 7160
spelling Youth access to cigarettes across seven european countriesa mixed-methods studyPublic Health, Environmental and Occupational HealthSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingPublisher Copyright: © 2019 The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco. Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Background: Despite widespread age-of-sale restrictions on tobacco, adolescents continue to obtain cigarettes and experiment with smoking. This mixed-methods study aimed to understand how European adolescents access cigarettes and how the policy context may influence this process, using a realist evaluation approach. This is the first study to assess access to cigarettes across various European contexts. Methods: A survey of 4104 students was combined with qualitative data from focus groups among 319 adolescents aged 14-19 across seven European countries. Data were synthesized to explore mechanisms via which young people obtain cigarettes despite age-of-sale restrictions. Results: While purchasing cigarettes from supermarkets was widely regarded as difficult, many participants purchased cigarettes from noncompliant retailers (often in smaller shops or cafes). Other contra-mechanisms included circumventing age checks, proxy purchases, and/or social sources. Dominant forms of access differed across the seven contexts, with direct purchases more common where perceived enforcement was low (eg, Belgium) and proxy purchases more important where perceived enforcement of age-of-sale laws was high (eg, Finland). The effectiveness of age-of-sale restrictions in reducing youth access appears to be influenced by a range of contextual factors including retailer compliance, the availability of vending machines, and the specific minimum age-of-sale. Conclusions: Our findings illustrate the relevance of programme theory in understanding the contra-mechanisms that undermine the effectiveness of age-of-sale laws in discouraging youth smoking. Young people's access to cigarettes could be further limited by addressing these contra-mechanisms, including an increase in the legal sales age (particularly in Belgium), banning vending machines, and strengthening enforcement. Implications: Despite widespread implementation of age-of-sale laws, a substantial proportion of minors continue to access cigarettes. Young people use a number of contra-mechanisms to circumvent age-of-sale restrictions. These include accessing cigarettes via social sources, proxy sales or by circumventing age checks. Our findings show that in contexts where perceived enforcement of age-of-sale restrictions is high, young people are more reliant on irregular forms of access such as proxy sales. Young people's access to cigarettes may be further reduced by policy interventions that address these contra-mechanisms - for example, banning vending machines, strengthening enforcement of age-of-sale laws, and increasing the minimum age-of-sale.Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC) - Pólo ENSPCentro de Investigação em Saúde Pública (CISP/PHRC)Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública (ENSP)RUNNuyts, Paulien A.W.Hewer, Rebecca M.F.Kuipers, Mirte A.G.Lorant, VincentGrard, AdelineHill, SarahAmos, AmandaAlves, JoanaLeão, Teresa2021-07-07T22:19:11Z2020-11-012020-11-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/article8application/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10362/120672eng1462-2203PURE: 32382816https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntz180info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2024-03-11T05:03:09Zoai:run.unl.pt:10362/120672Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-20T03:44:24.954722Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Youth access to cigarettes across seven european countries
a mixed-methods study
title Youth access to cigarettes across seven european countries
spellingShingle Youth access to cigarettes across seven european countries
Nuyts, Paulien A.W.
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
title_short Youth access to cigarettes across seven european countries
title_full Youth access to cigarettes across seven european countries
title_fullStr Youth access to cigarettes across seven european countries
title_full_unstemmed Youth access to cigarettes across seven european countries
title_sort Youth access to cigarettes across seven european countries
author Nuyts, Paulien A.W.
author_facet Nuyts, Paulien A.W.
Hewer, Rebecca M.F.
Kuipers, Mirte A.G.
Lorant, Vincent
Grard, Adeline
Hill, Sarah
Amos, Amanda
Alves, Joana
Leão, Teresa
author_role author
author2 Hewer, Rebecca M.F.
Kuipers, Mirte A.G.
Lorant, Vincent
Grard, Adeline
Hill, Sarah
Amos, Amanda
Alves, Joana
Leão, Teresa
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC) - Pólo ENSP
Centro de Investigação em Saúde Pública (CISP/PHRC)
Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública (ENSP)
RUN
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Nuyts, Paulien A.W.
Hewer, Rebecca M.F.
Kuipers, Mirte A.G.
Lorant, Vincent
Grard, Adeline
Hill, Sarah
Amos, Amanda
Alves, Joana
Leão, Teresa
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
topic Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
description Publisher Copyright: © 2019 The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco. Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
publishDate 2020
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2020-11-01
2020-11-01T00:00:00Z
2021-07-07T22:19:11Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10362/120672
url http://hdl.handle.net/10362/120672
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv 1462-2203
PURE: 32382816
https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntz180
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv 8
application/pdf
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
instacron:RCAAP
instname_str Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
instacron_str RCAAP
institution RCAAP
reponame_str Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
collection Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
_version_ 1799138051629252608