Biomimetic graphene/spongin scaffolds for improved osteoblasts bioactivity via dynamic mechanical stimulation

• Autor(a) principal: Semitela, Ângela
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Outros Autores: Carvalho, Sara, Fernandes, Cristiana, Pinto, Susana, Fateixa, Sara, Nogueira, Helena I. S., Bdikin, Igor, Completo, António, Marques, Paula A. A. P., Gonçalves, Gil
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10773/32446
• topic: Bionanocomposites; Spongin; Graphene oxide; Dynamic mechanical stimulation; Bone-like extracellular matrix

Biomimetics offers excellent prospects for design a novel generation of improved biomaterials. Here the controlled integration of graphene oxide (GO) derivatives with a 3D marine spongin (MS) network is explored to nanoengineer novel smart bio-based constructs for bone tissue engineering. The results point out that 3D MS surfaces can be homogeneously coated by layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of oppositely charged polyethyleneimine (PEI) and GO. Notably, the GOPEI@MS bionanocomposites present a high structural and mechanical stability under compression tests in wet conditions (shape memory). Dynamic mechanically (2 h of sinusoidal compression cyclic interval (0.5 Hz, 0-10% strain)/14 d) stimulates GOPEI@MS seeded with osteoblast (MC3T3-E1), shows a significant improvement in bioactivity, with cell proliferation being two times higher than under static conditions. Besides, the dynamic assays show that GOPEI@MS bionanocomposites are able to act as mechanical stimulus-responsive scaffolds able to resemble physiological bone extracellular matrix (ECM) requirements by strongly triggering mineralization of the bone matrix. These results prove that the environment created by the system cell-GOPEI@MS is suitable for controlling the mechanisms regulating mechanical stimulation-induced cell proliferation for potential in vivo experimentation.