Genetic diversity and drug resistance of HIV-1 among infected pregnant women newly diagnosed in Luanda, Angola

• Autor(a) principal: Sebastião, Cruz S
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Outros Autores: Neto, Zoraima, de Jesus, Carlos S, Mirandela, Marinela, Jandondo, Domingos, Couto-Fernandez, José C, Tanuri, Amilcar, Morais, Joana, Brito, Miguel
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10362/96168
• topic: Adolescent; Adult; Angola; Anti-HIV Agents/pharmacology; Cross-Sectional Studies; Drug Resistance, Viral; Female; Genetic Variation; Genotyping Techniques; HIV Infections/diagnosis; HIV-1/classification; Humans; Phylogeny; Population Surveillance; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/virology; Sample Size; Sequence Analysis, RNA/methods; Young Adult; pol Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/genetics; SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being

Monitoring genetic diversity and drug resistance mutations (DRMs) is critical for understanding HIV epidemiology. Here, we report HIV-1 genetic diversity and DRMs in blood samples from 42 HIV-positive pregnant women naive to antiretroviral therapy (ART), in Luanda. The samples were subjected to nested-PCR, followed by sequencing of HIV-1 pol gene, targeting the protease and reverse transcriptase fragments. HIV-1 diversity was analyzed using the REGA HIV-1 subtyping tool and DRMs were identified using the Calibrated Population Resistance tool. A total of 34 sequences were obtained. The data revealed wide HIV-1 subtypes heterogeneity, with subtype C (38%, 13/34) the most frequent, followed by the subtypes F1 (18%, 6/34), A1 (9%, 3/34), G (9%, 3/34), D (6%, 2/34) and H (3%, 1/34). In addition, recombinants strains were detected, with CRF02_AG (6%, 2/34) the most frequent, followed by CRF37_cpx, F1/C, A1/G and H/G, all with 3% (1/34). A total of 6/34 (18%) of the sequences presented DRMs. The non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors presented 15% (5/34) of resistance. Moreover, 1/34 (3%) sequence presented resistance against both non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, simultaneously. Despite the small sample size, our results suggest the need to update currently used ART regimens. Surveillance of HIV-1 subtypes and DRMs are necessary to understand HIV epidemiology and to guide modification of ART guidelines in Angola.