The exercise sex gap and the impact of the estrous cycle on exercise performance in mice
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2018 |
Outros Autores: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10316/108040 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-29050-0 |
Resumo: | Exercise physiology is different in males and females. Females are poorly studied due to the complexity of the estrous cycle and this bias has created an exercise sex gap. Here, we evaluated the impact of sexual dimorphism and of the estrous cycle on muscle strength and running power of C57BL/6 mice. Like men, male mice were stronger and more powerful than females. Exercise-induced increase of O2 consumption ([Formula: see text]O2) and CO2 production ([Formula: see text]CO2) were equal between sexes, indicating that running economy was higher in males. Thermoregulation was also more efficient in males. In females, proestrus increased exercise [Formula: see text]O2 and [Formula: see text]CO2 at low running speeds (30-35% female [Formula: see text]O2max) and estrus worsened thermoregulation. These differences translated into different absolute and relative workloads on the treadmill, even at equal submaximal [Formula: see text]O2 and belt speeds. In summary, our results demonstrate the better muscle strength, running power and economy, and exercise-induced thermoregulation of males compared to females. Proestrus and estrus still undermined the running economy and exercise-induced thermoregulation of females, respectively. These results demonstrate an important exercise sex gap in mice. |
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The exercise sex gap and the impact of the estrous cycle on exercise performance in miceAnimalsCarbon DioxideEstrous CycleFemaleHeart RateMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLModels, AnimalMuscle StrengthMuscle, SkeletalOxygen ConsumptionPhysical Conditioning, AnimalRunningSex FactorsExercise physiology is different in males and females. Females are poorly studied due to the complexity of the estrous cycle and this bias has created an exercise sex gap. Here, we evaluated the impact of sexual dimorphism and of the estrous cycle on muscle strength and running power of C57BL/6 mice. Like men, male mice were stronger and more powerful than females. Exercise-induced increase of O2 consumption ([Formula: see text]O2) and CO2 production ([Formula: see text]CO2) were equal between sexes, indicating that running economy was higher in males. Thermoregulation was also more efficient in males. In females, proestrus increased exercise [Formula: see text]O2 and [Formula: see text]CO2 at low running speeds (30-35% female [Formula: see text]O2max) and estrus worsened thermoregulation. These differences translated into different absolute and relative workloads on the treadmill, even at equal submaximal [Formula: see text]O2 and belt speeds. In summary, our results demonstrate the better muscle strength, running power and economy, and exercise-induced thermoregulation of males compared to females. Proestrus and estrus still undermined the running economy and exercise-induced thermoregulation of females, respectively. These results demonstrate an important exercise sex gap in mice.Springer Nature2018-07-16info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://hdl.handle.net/10316/108040http://hdl.handle.net/10316/108040https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-29050-0eng2045-2322Aguiar, Aderbal S.Speck, Ana ElisaAmaral, Inês M.Canas, Paula M.Cunha, Rodrigo A.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-08-07T11:25:06Zoai:estudogeral.uc.pt:10316/108040Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T21:24:18.640793Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
The exercise sex gap and the impact of the estrous cycle on exercise performance in mice |
title |
The exercise sex gap and the impact of the estrous cycle on exercise performance in mice |
spellingShingle |
The exercise sex gap and the impact of the estrous cycle on exercise performance in mice Aguiar, Aderbal S. Animals Carbon Dioxide Estrous Cycle Female Heart Rate Male Mice Mice, Inbred C57BL Models, Animal Muscle Strength Muscle, Skeletal Oxygen Consumption Physical Conditioning, Animal Running Sex Factors |
title_short |
The exercise sex gap and the impact of the estrous cycle on exercise performance in mice |
title_full |
The exercise sex gap and the impact of the estrous cycle on exercise performance in mice |
title_fullStr |
The exercise sex gap and the impact of the estrous cycle on exercise performance in mice |
title_full_unstemmed |
The exercise sex gap and the impact of the estrous cycle on exercise performance in mice |
title_sort |
The exercise sex gap and the impact of the estrous cycle on exercise performance in mice |
author |
Aguiar, Aderbal S. |
author_facet |
Aguiar, Aderbal S. Speck, Ana Elisa Amaral, Inês M. Canas, Paula M. Cunha, Rodrigo A. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Speck, Ana Elisa Amaral, Inês M. Canas, Paula M. Cunha, Rodrigo A. |
author2_role |
author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Aguiar, Aderbal S. Speck, Ana Elisa Amaral, Inês M. Canas, Paula M. Cunha, Rodrigo A. |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Animals Carbon Dioxide Estrous Cycle Female Heart Rate Male Mice Mice, Inbred C57BL Models, Animal Muscle Strength Muscle, Skeletal Oxygen Consumption Physical Conditioning, Animal Running Sex Factors |
topic |
Animals Carbon Dioxide Estrous Cycle Female Heart Rate Male Mice Mice, Inbred C57BL Models, Animal Muscle Strength Muscle, Skeletal Oxygen Consumption Physical Conditioning, Animal Running Sex Factors |
description |
Exercise physiology is different in males and females. Females are poorly studied due to the complexity of the estrous cycle and this bias has created an exercise sex gap. Here, we evaluated the impact of sexual dimorphism and of the estrous cycle on muscle strength and running power of C57BL/6 mice. Like men, male mice were stronger and more powerful than females. Exercise-induced increase of O2 consumption ([Formula: see text]O2) and CO2 production ([Formula: see text]CO2) were equal between sexes, indicating that running economy was higher in males. Thermoregulation was also more efficient in males. In females, proestrus increased exercise [Formula: see text]O2 and [Formula: see text]CO2 at low running speeds (30-35% female [Formula: see text]O2max) and estrus worsened thermoregulation. These differences translated into different absolute and relative workloads on the treadmill, even at equal submaximal [Formula: see text]O2 and belt speeds. In summary, our results demonstrate the better muscle strength, running power and economy, and exercise-induced thermoregulation of males compared to females. Proestrus and estrus still undermined the running economy and exercise-induced thermoregulation of females, respectively. These results demonstrate an important exercise sex gap in mice. |
publishDate |
2018 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2018-07-16 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10316/108040 http://hdl.handle.net/10316/108040 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-29050-0 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10316/108040 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-29050-0 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
2045-2322 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Springer Nature |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Springer Nature |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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RCAAP |
institution |
RCAAP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
collection |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
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1799134128466034688 |