Membrane filtration opportunities for the treatment of black liquor in the paper and pulp industry
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2021 |
Outros Autores: | , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10362/142767 |
Resumo: | Black liquor is a highly alkaline liquid by-product of the kraft pulping process, rich in organic molecules (hemicelluloses, lignin, and organic acids) and inorganic pulping chemicals such as sodium salts and sulphur-containing compounds. The release of this wastewater without further treatment could have serious environmental and financial implications. Therefore, a costly treatment process is used nowadays. Nanofiltration has been studied in the last few years as a promising alternative to recycle the cooking chemicals required for the separation of lignin and cellulose, but the development of pH-stable membranes with the potential to operate at industrial scales is fundamental in order to make this possible. In this study, the filtration performance of two in-house made membranes is evaluated and compared with a commercial NF membrane to determine the viability of their use for the treatment of black liquor. For this purpose, filtration experiments with simulated black liquor were performed. We identified that Membrane A has the higher potential for this application due to its competitive permeate flux (ca. 24 L m−2 h−1 at a trans-membrane pressure of 21.5 bar), and high rejection of organic components and salts from the cooking liquor (on average, 92.50% for the TOC, 84.10% for the CO32−, 88.70% for the sulphates, 73.21% for the Na+, and 99.99% for the Mg2+). |
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Membrane filtration opportunities for the treatment of black liquor in the paper and pulp industryAlkaline pHBlack liquorDonnan effectKraft processNanofiltrationUltrafiltrationGeography, Planning and DevelopmentBiochemistryAquatic ScienceWater Science and TechnologyBlack liquor is a highly alkaline liquid by-product of the kraft pulping process, rich in organic molecules (hemicelluloses, lignin, and organic acids) and inorganic pulping chemicals such as sodium salts and sulphur-containing compounds. The release of this wastewater without further treatment could have serious environmental and financial implications. Therefore, a costly treatment process is used nowadays. Nanofiltration has been studied in the last few years as a promising alternative to recycle the cooking chemicals required for the separation of lignin and cellulose, but the development of pH-stable membranes with the potential to operate at industrial scales is fundamental in order to make this possible. In this study, the filtration performance of two in-house made membranes is evaluated and compared with a commercial NF membrane to determine the viability of their use for the treatment of black liquor. For this purpose, filtration experiments with simulated black liquor were performed. We identified that Membrane A has the higher potential for this application due to its competitive permeate flux (ca. 24 L m−2 h−1 at a trans-membrane pressure of 21.5 bar), and high rejection of organic components and salts from the cooking liquor (on average, 92.50% for the TOC, 84.10% for the CO32−, 88.70% for the sulphates, 73.21% for the Na+, and 99.99% for the Mg2+).DQ - Departamento de QuímicaLAQV@REQUIMTERUNValderrama, Olenka JibajaZedda, Karina ListiariniVelizarov, Svetlozar2022-08-01T22:25:43Z2021-08-022021-08-02T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10362/142767eng2073-4441PURE: 45748557https://doi.org/10.3390/w13162270info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2024-03-11T05:20:40Zoai:run.unl.pt:10362/142767Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-20T03:50:30.453887Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Membrane filtration opportunities for the treatment of black liquor in the paper and pulp industry |
title |
Membrane filtration opportunities for the treatment of black liquor in the paper and pulp industry |
spellingShingle |
Membrane filtration opportunities for the treatment of black liquor in the paper and pulp industry Valderrama, Olenka Jibaja Alkaline pH Black liquor Donnan effect Kraft process Nanofiltration Ultrafiltration Geography, Planning and Development Biochemistry Aquatic Science Water Science and Technology |
title_short |
Membrane filtration opportunities for the treatment of black liquor in the paper and pulp industry |
title_full |
Membrane filtration opportunities for the treatment of black liquor in the paper and pulp industry |
title_fullStr |
Membrane filtration opportunities for the treatment of black liquor in the paper and pulp industry |
title_full_unstemmed |
Membrane filtration opportunities for the treatment of black liquor in the paper and pulp industry |
title_sort |
Membrane filtration opportunities for the treatment of black liquor in the paper and pulp industry |
author |
Valderrama, Olenka Jibaja |
author_facet |
Valderrama, Olenka Jibaja Zedda, Karina Listiarini Velizarov, Svetlozar |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Zedda, Karina Listiarini Velizarov, Svetlozar |
author2_role |
author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
DQ - Departamento de Química LAQV@REQUIMTE RUN |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Valderrama, Olenka Jibaja Zedda, Karina Listiarini Velizarov, Svetlozar |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Alkaline pH Black liquor Donnan effect Kraft process Nanofiltration Ultrafiltration Geography, Planning and Development Biochemistry Aquatic Science Water Science and Technology |
topic |
Alkaline pH Black liquor Donnan effect Kraft process Nanofiltration Ultrafiltration Geography, Planning and Development Biochemistry Aquatic Science Water Science and Technology |
description |
Black liquor is a highly alkaline liquid by-product of the kraft pulping process, rich in organic molecules (hemicelluloses, lignin, and organic acids) and inorganic pulping chemicals such as sodium salts and sulphur-containing compounds. The release of this wastewater without further treatment could have serious environmental and financial implications. Therefore, a costly treatment process is used nowadays. Nanofiltration has been studied in the last few years as a promising alternative to recycle the cooking chemicals required for the separation of lignin and cellulose, but the development of pH-stable membranes with the potential to operate at industrial scales is fundamental in order to make this possible. In this study, the filtration performance of two in-house made membranes is evaluated and compared with a commercial NF membrane to determine the viability of their use for the treatment of black liquor. For this purpose, filtration experiments with simulated black liquor were performed. We identified that Membrane A has the higher potential for this application due to its competitive permeate flux (ca. 24 L m−2 h−1 at a trans-membrane pressure of 21.5 bar), and high rejection of organic components and salts from the cooking liquor (on average, 92.50% for the TOC, 84.10% for the CO32−, 88.70% for the sulphates, 73.21% for the Na+, and 99.99% for the Mg2+). |
publishDate |
2021 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-08-02 2021-08-02T00:00:00Z 2022-08-01T22:25:43Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10362/142767 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10362/142767 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
2073-4441 PURE: 45748557 https://doi.org/10.3390/w13162270 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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RCAAP |
institution |
RCAAP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
collection |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
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1799138101895888896 |