Enhancing Motivation in Physiotherapy for People with Parkinson’s Disease: An Exploration of Serious Games and Virtual Reality

• Autor(a) principal: Pinto, Diogo Filipe Matos
• Data de Publicação: 2023
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10362/160541
• topic: Parkinson’s Disease; Physical Exercise; Persuasive Technology; Gamification; Serious Games; Virtual Reality; Domínio/Área Científica::Engenharia e Tecnologia::Engenharia Eletrotécnica, Eletrónica e Informática

Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that mainly affects the motor system. There is currently no cure for PD, although it is possible to slow down its progression and control its symptoms with medication, surgery and physiotherapy. Physical exercise is an essential component of the treatment, helping patients to stay active, maintain physical performance and stimulate cognitive function. One of the main problems is that patients are more vulnerable to apathy and lack of motivation, which affects their willingness to follow an exercises plan and maintain their quality of life. Therefore, the necessity to develop an effective tool that persuades and actively engages patients becomes evident. Persuasive Technology is defined as any interactive computing system designed to change a person’s attitudes or behaviors. Gamification has demonstrated successful results in healthcare by increasing physical activity levels. Moreover, treatment can take advantage of Serious Games by combining the physical exercise component with cognitive function stimulation. If well aligned with therapy these can be used as Persuasive Technology. Therefore, this dissertation aimed to tackle this challenge by studying a motivational approach to persuade People with PD to practice even more therapy exercises. The proposed solution is based on the exploration of Serious Games and Virtual Reality (VR), mainly to study and discover the best natural user interfaces that could be used. A collection of Serious Games was implemented under a preliminary study to determine which devices were more suited to use in the implementation of the motivational strategy. Afterwards, the solution was based on the development of two VR-based Serious Games, one using Kinect V2 and the other fully immersive with Oculus Quest 2. A human factors study was then designed, showing very positive results in the first evaluation phase before moving on to the final assessment with patients. The research produced conclusions about the devices to use, but also about the design process of these solutions, from non to fully immersive VR.