Prevalence of Underweight, Overweight, and Obesity in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: Data From the International SWEET Registry

• Autor(a) principal: Maffeis, C
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Outros Autores: Birkebaek, NH, Konstantinova, M, Schwandt, A, Vazeou, A, Casteels, K, Jali, S, Limbert, C, Pundziute-Lycka, A, Toth-Heyn, P, de Beaufort, C, Sumnik, Z, Cherubini, V, Svensson, J, Pacaud, D, Kanaka-Gantenbein, C, Shalitin, S, Bratina, N, Hanas, R, Alonso, GT, Poran, L, Pereira, AL, Marigliano, M
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10400.17/3630
• topic: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Female; Humans; Male; Obesity; Prevalence; Thinness; Registries; HDE END PED

Objective: To assess the prevalence of underweight (UW), overweight (OW), and obesity in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Methods: An international cross-sectional study including 23 026 T1D children (2-18 years, duration of diabetes ≥1 year) participating in the SWEET prospective, multicenter diabetes registry. Body mass index SD score (BMI-SDS) was calculated using the World Health Organization BMI charts. Children were categorized as UW (BMI-SDS < -2SD), OW (+1SD < BMI-SDS ≤ +2SD), and obese (OB) (BMI-SDS > +2SD). Hierarchic regression models were applied with adjustment for sex, age, and duration of diabetes. Results: The prevalence of UW, OW, and obesity was: 1.4%, 22.3%, and 7.3% in males and 0.6%, 27.2%, and 6.8% in females. Adjusted BMI-SDS was significantly higher in females than in males (mean ± SEM: 0.54 ± 0.05 vs 0.40 ± 0.05, P < 0.0001). In males, BMI-SDS significantly decreased by age (P < 0.0001) in the first three age categories 0.61 ± 0.06 (2 to <10 years), 0.47 ± 0.06 (10 to <13 years), 0.34 ± 0.05 (13 to <16 years). In females, BMI-SDS showed a U-shaped distribution by age (P < 0.0001): 0.54 ± 0.04 (2 to <10 years), 0.39 ± 0.04 (10 to <13 years), 0.55 ± 0.04 (13 to <16 years). BMI-SDS increased by diabetes duration (<2 years: 0.38 ± 0.05, 2 to <5 years: 0.44 ± 0.05, and ≥5 years: 0.50 ± 0.05, P < 0.0001). Treatment modality did not affect BMI-SDS. Adjusted HbA1c was significantly higher in females than in males (8.20% ± 0.10% vs 8.06% ± 0.10%, P < 0.0001). In both genders, the association between HbA1c and BMI-SDS was U-shaped with the highest HbA1c in the UW and obesity groups. Conclusions: The high rate of OW and obesity (31.8%) emphasize the need for developing further strategies to prevent and treat excess fat accumulation in T1D.