Análise da mortalidade por doenças cardiovasculares em áreas expostas a contaminantes ambientais na Região Estuária da Baixada Santista

• Autor(a) principal: Claro, Dennise Pimentel
• Data de Publicação: 2010
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UNISANTOS
• Texto Completo: https://tede.unisantos.br/handle/tede/4401
• topic: doenças cardiovasculares; contaminantes ambientais; coeficientes de mortalidade; pesticidas; cardiovascular diseases; environmental contaminants; mortality rates; pesticides; CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::SAUDE COLETIVA

Introduction - In 2001, it was reported the presence of toxic sources in areas located in the estuary of Santos and Sao Vicente, such as heavy metals, organochlorine, polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxins and furans. The exposure to these contaminants produces several adverse effects on the cardiovascular system of humans by damaging the endothelial cells of blood. To understand the impact of health conditions in these contaminated areas it is important to explore the risk of developing cardiovascular disease in the exposed population. Objective - To analyze the mortality of cardiovascular diseases in areas exposed to the referred environmental contaminants. Methods ¿ A cross-sectional study with analysis of historical series allowed an investigation of the mortality from cardiovascular disease, as provided by Fundação SEADE in five areas determined by a previous study entitled ""Epidemiological Study in the Baixada Santista - Santos Estuary: Assessment of predictors of effects and exposure to environmental contaminants."", which investigated the health effects associated with exposure to environmental contaminants among residents of areas alongside Santos estuary. In this study the deaths of the five areas were subjected to descriptive analysis based on the period from 2003 through 2007 of the national census (IBGE) of 2000. The mortality rates were calculated by the direct method to standardize them with the population of São Paulo city. In addition to standardized mortality rates were estimated and the average mortality ratios. The resulting estimates allowed a comparison between the contaminated areas and the area that is contaminated free. The comparison between two proportion and Kruskal-Wallis tests was used with a significance level of 0.05. Results - observed the highest mortality coefficient in Area 1, with 24.66 per 1000 of male population, with statistically significant difference (p<0.005), but other areas with environmental contaminants their average coefficient ranged between 1.47 per 1000 to 3.96 per 1000 in both gender. Also, in both gender and all periods, there was significant statistical difference between the contaminated area 1 and Bertioga. The other areas sometimes presented lower coefficient ranged than the area without exposure to environmental contaminats (p<0.05).The mortality also showed high ratios in Area 1 (Pilões) compared to all other areas of the sample. And up to 32 times higher among females in 2003 compared with the control area (area 5, located in Bertioga). Conclusion ¿ for the analysis, higher mortality rates in Pilões and Água Fria was found, although it needs further studies to investigate a causal relationship between exposure and outcome studied.