Physical and chemical attributes of archaeological soils developed from shell middens in the Região dos Lagos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2011 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo (Online) |
Texto Completo: | http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832011000400004 |
Resumo: | In prehistoric times, innumerous shell middens, called "sambaquis", consisting mainly of remains of marine organisms, were built along the Brazilian coast. Although the scientific community took interest in these anthropic formations, especially since the nineteenth century, their pedological context is still poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to characterize and identify the physical and chemical changes induced by soil-forming processes, as well as to compare the morphology of shell midden soils with other, already described, anthropogenic soils of Brazil. Four soil profiles developed from shell middens in the Região dos Lagos - RJ were morphologically described and the physical and chemical properties determined. The chemical analysis showed that Ca, Mn, Mg, and particularly P and Zn are indicators of anthropic horizons of midden soils, as in the Amazon Dark Earths (Terras Pretas de Índio). After the deposition of P-rich material, P reaction and leaching can mask or disturb the evidence of in situ man-made strata, but mineralogical and chemical studies of phosphate forms can elucidate the apparent complexity. Lower phosphate-rich strata without direct anthropic inputs indicate P leaching and precipitation in secondary forms. The total and bioavailable contents of Ca, Mg, Zn, Mn, Cu, P, and organic C of midden soils were much higher than of regional soils without influence of ancient human settlements, demonstrating that the high fertility persisted for long periods, at some sites for more than 4000 years. The physical analysis showed that wind-blown sand contributed significantly to increase the sand fraction in the analyzed soils (texture classes sand, sandy loam and sandy clay loam) and that the aeolian sand accumulation occurred simultaneously with the midden formation. |
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Physical and chemical attributes of archaeological soils developed from shell middens in the Região dos Lagos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazilsambaquispre-columbian settlementsanthropic contributionanthropogenic soilsIndian Black-EarthIn prehistoric times, innumerous shell middens, called "sambaquis", consisting mainly of remains of marine organisms, were built along the Brazilian coast. Although the scientific community took interest in these anthropic formations, especially since the nineteenth century, their pedological context is still poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to characterize and identify the physical and chemical changes induced by soil-forming processes, as well as to compare the morphology of shell midden soils with other, already described, anthropogenic soils of Brazil. Four soil profiles developed from shell middens in the Região dos Lagos - RJ were morphologically described and the physical and chemical properties determined. The chemical analysis showed that Ca, Mn, Mg, and particularly P and Zn are indicators of anthropic horizons of midden soils, as in the Amazon Dark Earths (Terras Pretas de Índio). After the deposition of P-rich material, P reaction and leaching can mask or disturb the evidence of in situ man-made strata, but mineralogical and chemical studies of phosphate forms can elucidate the apparent complexity. Lower phosphate-rich strata without direct anthropic inputs indicate P leaching and precipitation in secondary forms. The total and bioavailable contents of Ca, Mg, Zn, Mn, Cu, P, and organic C of midden soils were much higher than of regional soils without influence of ancient human settlements, demonstrating that the high fertility persisted for long periods, at some sites for more than 4000 years. The physical analysis showed that wind-blown sand contributed significantly to increase the sand fraction in the analyzed soils (texture classes sand, sandy loam and sandy clay loam) and that the aeolian sand accumulation occurred simultaneously with the midden formation.Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo2011-08-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontext/htmlhttp://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832011000400004Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo v.35 n.4 2011reponame:Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo (Online)instname:Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo (SBCS)instacron:SBCS10.1590/S0100-06832011000400004info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessCorrêa,Guilherme ResendeSchaefer,Carlos Ernesto G.RFreitas Melo,Vander deSouza,Kleberson Worslley deKer,João CarlosRodrigues,Igor Morais MarianoSenra,Eduardo Osórioeng2011-10-21T00:00:00Zoai:scielo:S0100-06832011000400004Revistahttp://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0100-0683&lng=es&nrm=isohttps://old.scielo.br/oai/scielo-oai.php||sbcs@ufv.br1806-96570100-0683opendoar:2011-10-21T00:00Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo (Online) - Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo (SBCS)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Physical and chemical attributes of archaeological soils developed from shell middens in the Região dos Lagos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
title |
Physical and chemical attributes of archaeological soils developed from shell middens in the Região dos Lagos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
spellingShingle |
Physical and chemical attributes of archaeological soils developed from shell middens in the Região dos Lagos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Corrêa,Guilherme Resende sambaquis pre-columbian settlements anthropic contribution anthropogenic soils Indian Black-Earth |
title_short |
Physical and chemical attributes of archaeological soils developed from shell middens in the Região dos Lagos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
title_full |
Physical and chemical attributes of archaeological soils developed from shell middens in the Região dos Lagos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
title_fullStr |
Physical and chemical attributes of archaeological soils developed from shell middens in the Região dos Lagos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
title_full_unstemmed |
Physical and chemical attributes of archaeological soils developed from shell middens in the Região dos Lagos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
title_sort |
Physical and chemical attributes of archaeological soils developed from shell middens in the Região dos Lagos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
author |
Corrêa,Guilherme Resende |
author_facet |
Corrêa,Guilherme Resende Schaefer,Carlos Ernesto G.R Freitas Melo,Vander de Souza,Kleberson Worslley de Ker,João Carlos Rodrigues,Igor Morais Mariano Senra,Eduardo Osório |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Schaefer,Carlos Ernesto G.R Freitas Melo,Vander de Souza,Kleberson Worslley de Ker,João Carlos Rodrigues,Igor Morais Mariano Senra,Eduardo Osório |
author2_role |
author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Corrêa,Guilherme Resende Schaefer,Carlos Ernesto G.R Freitas Melo,Vander de Souza,Kleberson Worslley de Ker,João Carlos Rodrigues,Igor Morais Mariano Senra,Eduardo Osório |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
sambaquis pre-columbian settlements anthropic contribution anthropogenic soils Indian Black-Earth |
topic |
sambaquis pre-columbian settlements anthropic contribution anthropogenic soils Indian Black-Earth |
description |
In prehistoric times, innumerous shell middens, called "sambaquis", consisting mainly of remains of marine organisms, were built along the Brazilian coast. Although the scientific community took interest in these anthropic formations, especially since the nineteenth century, their pedological context is still poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to characterize and identify the physical and chemical changes induced by soil-forming processes, as well as to compare the morphology of shell midden soils with other, already described, anthropogenic soils of Brazil. Four soil profiles developed from shell middens in the Região dos Lagos - RJ were morphologically described and the physical and chemical properties determined. The chemical analysis showed that Ca, Mn, Mg, and particularly P and Zn are indicators of anthropic horizons of midden soils, as in the Amazon Dark Earths (Terras Pretas de Índio). After the deposition of P-rich material, P reaction and leaching can mask or disturb the evidence of in situ man-made strata, but mineralogical and chemical studies of phosphate forms can elucidate the apparent complexity. Lower phosphate-rich strata without direct anthropic inputs indicate P leaching and precipitation in secondary forms. The total and bioavailable contents of Ca, Mg, Zn, Mn, Cu, P, and organic C of midden soils were much higher than of regional soils without influence of ancient human settlements, demonstrating that the high fertility persisted for long periods, at some sites for more than 4000 years. The physical analysis showed that wind-blown sand contributed significantly to increase the sand fraction in the analyzed soils (texture classes sand, sandy loam and sandy clay loam) and that the aeolian sand accumulation occurred simultaneously with the midden formation. |
publishDate |
2011 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2011-08-01 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832011000400004 |
url |
http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832011000400004 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
10.1590/S0100-06832011000400004 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
text/html |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo v.35 n.4 2011 reponame:Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo (Online) instname:Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo (SBCS) instacron:SBCS |
instname_str |
Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo (SBCS) |
instacron_str |
SBCS |
institution |
SBCS |
reponame_str |
Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo (Online) |
collection |
Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo (Online) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo (Online) - Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo (SBCS) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
||sbcs@ufv.br |
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1752126517103558656 |