Air pollution: a scoping review of clinical recommendations for family and community medicine

• Autor(a) principal: Floss, Mayara
• Data de Publicação: 2022
• Outros Autores: Zandavalli, Rafaela Brugalli, Leão, Jéssica Rodrigues Borges, Lima, Camila Vescovi, Vianna, Nelzair, Barros, Enrique Falceto, Saldiva, Paulo Hilario Nascimento
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por; eng
• Título da fonte: Revista Brasileira de Medicina de Família e Comunidade (Online)
• Texto Completo: https://www.rbmfc.org.br/rbmfc/article/view/3038
• topic: Air Pollution; Environmental Health; Primary Health Care; Family practice.; Poluição do Ar; Saúde Ambiental; Atenção Primária à Saúde; Medicina de família e comunidade.; Contaminación del Aire; Salud Ambiental; Atención Primaria de Salud; Medicina familiar y comunitaria.

Introduction: Deaths attributable to long-term air pollution are estimated to be as high as 9 million a year, mainly concentrated in low- and middle-income countries such as Brazil. Air pollution is classified as household (indoor) or ambient(outdoor). Inhalation of pollutants is related to the increased incidence and development of clinical conditions, such as cardiovascular, respiratory and other diseases, which are part of the practice of family doctors. Objective: To reviewthe clinical evidence for an approach to air pollution related to human health in the context of the practice in primary health care. Methods: A scoping review was carried out with a cross-sectional focus on the role of primary health care in relation to air pollution and health, focusing on clinical issues related to air pollution. Results: A total of 35 articles were included in this review. Clinical recommendations at the individual level were: reduction in the use of solid fuels in wood stoves, use of strategies to protect polluting sources (such as forest fires, roads and industry), air filtration, promotion of active transport and smoking cessation. These actions must be complementary to government policies related to air pollution reduction. Clinical interview questions were proposed. Specific recommendations on the use of masks, physical activity and COVID-19 were explored. Research topics were proposed that could be carried out in primary health care and the role of family doctors in this context. Considerations: The inclusion of “exposure to air pollution” in the International Classification of Primary Care and in the International Classification of Diseases could improve notification and epidemiological studies on the subject.