Traumatic chiasmal syndrome. Case report

• Autor(a) principal: Lopes,Beatriz Oliveira
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Outros Autores: Brízido,Margarida Sena, Armindo,Rui Duarte, Silva,Vanessa Brito, Pina,Susana Morais, Silva,Filipe Simões
• Tipo de documento: Relatório
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Revista Brasileira de Oftalmologia (Online)
• Texto Completo: http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-72802021000500502
• topic: Optic chiasm; Hemianopsia; Craniocerebral trauma; Magnetic resonance imaging

ABSTRACT Traumatic chiasmal syndrome is one of the rare etiologies of chiasmal syndrome, characterized by optic chiasm injury following head trauma. The main visual defect associated is bitemporal hemianopia with macular splitting; however, it can present with a variety of other visual defects and neurologic signs. The authors report a case of complete bitemporal hemianopia after head trauma, with multiple frontal and skull base fractures and no other neurologic deficits, or hypothalamic-pituitary abnormality. Most cases of traumatic chiasmal syndrome are caused by mechanical stretch or compression of the chiasma. Nevertheless, in this case, the radiologic findings excluded macroscopic disruption or external compression of the chiasma, raising the possibility of a contusion necrosis associated with functional impairment of the optic chiasma. Traumatic chiasmal syndrome must be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with complete bitemporal hemianopia after head injury caused by frontal and skull base fracture.