Prevalence of metabolic syndrome-like in the follow-up of very low birth weight preterm infants and associated factors

• Autor(a) principal: Heidemann,Luciana A.
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Outros Autores: Procianoy,Renato S., Silveira,Rita C.
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Jornal de Pediatria (Online)
• Texto Completo: http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0021-75572019000400291
• topic: Preterm birth; Metabolic syndrome; Very low birth weight; Obesity; Arterial hypertension

Abstract Objective: To assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome-like symptoms in a population of preterm infants with very low birth weight (<1500 g) at 2 years of corrected age and identify the occurrence of associated risk factors. Methods: Cross-sectional study during a five-year period, including preterm infants born with very low birth weight evaluated at 2 years of corrected age. Metabolic syndrome-like symptoms was defined by the presence of three or more of these criteria: abdominal circumference ≥ 90th percentile, fasting blood glucose ≥ 100 mg/dL, triglycerides ≥ 110 mg/dL, HDL cholesterol ≤ 40 mg/dL, and blood pressure ≥ 90th percentile. Results: A total of 214 preterm infants with birth weight < 1500 g were evaluated. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome-like symptoms at 2 years of corrected age was 15.1%. Arterial hypertension was present in 57.5%, HDL ≤ 40 mg/dL in 29.2%, hypertriglyceridemia in 22.6%, and abdominal circumference above the 90th percentile in 18.8%. Only 3.7% had hyperglycemia. The presence of periventricular leukomalacia was an independent risk factor for arterial hypertension at this age (OR 2.34, 95% CI: 0.079–0.69, p = 0.008). Overweight and obesity at 2 years of corrected age were independently associated with metabolic syndrome-like symptoms (OR 2.75, 95% CI: 1.19–6.36, p = 0.018). Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome-like symptoms can be observed in very low birth weight preterm infants as early as 2 years of corrected age. Overweight and early-onset obesity are significant risk factors for metabolic syndrome-like symptoms, which deserves appropriate intervention for this high-risk population.