Influence of gestational and perinatal factors on body composition of full-term newborns

• Autor(a) principal: Nehab,Sylvia Reis Gonçalves
• Data de Publicação: 2020
• Outros Autores: Villela,Letícia D., Abranches,Andrea D., Rocha,Daniele M., Silva,Leila M.L. da, Amaral,Yasmin N.V., Junior,Saint Clair G., Soares,Fernanda V.M., Méio,Maria Dalva Barborsa Beker, Moreira,Maria Elisabeth L.
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Jornal de Pediatria (Online)
• Texto Completo: http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0021-75572020000600771
• topic: Body composition; Newborn; Adiposity; Pregnancy

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the influence of gestational and perinatal factors on body composition and birth weight of full-term newborns. Method: This was a cross-sectional study, within a prospective cohort, consisting of 124 postpartum women and their newborns. Data included the following: maternal age; ethnicity; pre-gestational body mass index; gestational weight gain; parity; gestational morbidities (hypertension and gestational diabetes mellitus); gestational age at birth; birth weight; and newborn’s gender. Anthropometric and body composition data of the newborns were collected using air-displacement plethysmography (PeaPod® Infant Body Composition System–LMI; Concord, CA, USA). The stepwise technique was applied to a multiple linear regression model. Results: The significant variables in the model that explained 84% of the variation in neonatal fat-free mass were: birth weight; maternal age; newborn’s gender and gestational age. For body fat mass: birth weight; newborn’s gender; gestational arterial hypertension; gestational diabetes; and gestational weight gain. These variables explained 60% and 46% of fat mass, in grams and as a percentage, respectively. Regarding birth weight, the significant factors were gestational age, pre-gestational BMI, and gestational weight gain. Female newborns showed higher body fat mass and male newborns had higher fat-free mass. Conclusion: Gestational and perinatal factors influence neonatal body composition. Early identification of these gestational factors, which may be modifiable, is necessary to prevent obesity and chronic noncommunicable diseases in the future.