Extraction and Characterization of Pequi Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production: A Green Management of Waste to Biofuel Using Ethanol and Heterogeneous Catalysis
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2022 |
Outros Autores: | , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society (Online) |
Texto Completo: | http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-50532022000400327 |
Resumo: | This work reports the characterization of a vegetable oil extracted from pequi seeds, an agroindustrial residue, and its biodiesel production using ethanol and heterogeneous catalysis. The pequi seeds showed 40.73 wt.% of extractive content, which represents a large amount of the biomass composition. The crude oil extracted from the pequi seeds with ethanol as solvent presented a high content of free fatty acids (FFAs), mainly oleic (54.14%) and palmitic (36.71%) acids, resulting in an acidity value of 13.8 ± 0.1 mg KOH g-1. The esterification/transesterification process was performed using two ion exchange resins as heterogeneous catalysts, a commercial protonic form (assigned as PR) and a zirconium-exchanged (assigned as PRZr). Conversions of 87.1 and 91.4% were achieved for PR and PRZr as catalysts, respectively, at optimal conditions (1:6 oil-to-alcohol molar ratio, 25 wt.% of catalyst, 100 ºC and 1 h). These results indicated that heterogeneous acid catalysts can be successfully applied in biodiesel production from fatty acid-rich oils, such as the one extracted from pequi seeds. Also, a simultaneous process involving both oil extraction and biodiesel production was tested using PRZr as catalyst (25 wt.% of catalyst and 100 ºC), but due to the greater amount of ethanol necessary for the oil extraction (1:16 oil to alcohol mass ratio) the conversion reached only 51.5% after 5 h. For that reason, this work proposes a two stage system for biodiesel production that integrates oil extraction (stage one) and the esterification/transesterification reaction (stage two) to achieve a greener process, waste-to-bioenergy. |
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Extraction and Characterization of Pequi Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production: A Green Management of Waste to Biofuel Using Ethanol and Heterogeneous Catalysisagroindustrial residuespequi seedsbiodieselsimultaneous extraction/productionheterogeneous catalysisThis work reports the characterization of a vegetable oil extracted from pequi seeds, an agroindustrial residue, and its biodiesel production using ethanol and heterogeneous catalysis. The pequi seeds showed 40.73 wt.% of extractive content, which represents a large amount of the biomass composition. The crude oil extracted from the pequi seeds with ethanol as solvent presented a high content of free fatty acids (FFAs), mainly oleic (54.14%) and palmitic (36.71%) acids, resulting in an acidity value of 13.8 ± 0.1 mg KOH g-1. The esterification/transesterification process was performed using two ion exchange resins as heterogeneous catalysts, a commercial protonic form (assigned as PR) and a zirconium-exchanged (assigned as PRZr). Conversions of 87.1 and 91.4% were achieved for PR and PRZr as catalysts, respectively, at optimal conditions (1:6 oil-to-alcohol molar ratio, 25 wt.% of catalyst, 100 ºC and 1 h). These results indicated that heterogeneous acid catalysts can be successfully applied in biodiesel production from fatty acid-rich oils, such as the one extracted from pequi seeds. Also, a simultaneous process involving both oil extraction and biodiesel production was tested using PRZr as catalyst (25 wt.% of catalyst and 100 ºC), but due to the greater amount of ethanol necessary for the oil extraction (1:16 oil to alcohol mass ratio) the conversion reached only 51.5% after 5 h. For that reason, this work proposes a two stage system for biodiesel production that integrates oil extraction (stage one) and the esterification/transesterification reaction (stage two) to achieve a greener process, waste-to-bioenergy.Sociedade Brasileira de Química2022-04-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontext/htmlhttp://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-50532022000400327Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society v.33 n.4 2022reponame:Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society (Online)instname:Sociedade Brasileira de Química (SBQ)instacron:SBQ10.21577/0103-5053.20210151info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessGuimarães,Munique G.Evaristo,Rafael B. W.Macedo,Julio L. deGhesti,Grace F.eng2022-03-15T00:00:00Zoai:scielo:S0103-50532022000400327Revistahttp://jbcs.sbq.org.brONGhttps://old.scielo.br/oai/scielo-oai.php||office@jbcs.sbq.org.br1678-47900103-5053opendoar:2022-03-15T00:00Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society (Online) - Sociedade Brasileira de Química (SBQ)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Extraction and Characterization of Pequi Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production: A Green Management of Waste to Biofuel Using Ethanol and Heterogeneous Catalysis |
title |
Extraction and Characterization of Pequi Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production: A Green Management of Waste to Biofuel Using Ethanol and Heterogeneous Catalysis |
spellingShingle |
Extraction and Characterization of Pequi Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production: A Green Management of Waste to Biofuel Using Ethanol and Heterogeneous Catalysis Guimarães,Munique G. agroindustrial residues pequi seeds biodiesel simultaneous extraction/production heterogeneous catalysis |
title_short |
Extraction and Characterization of Pequi Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production: A Green Management of Waste to Biofuel Using Ethanol and Heterogeneous Catalysis |
title_full |
Extraction and Characterization of Pequi Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production: A Green Management of Waste to Biofuel Using Ethanol and Heterogeneous Catalysis |
title_fullStr |
Extraction and Characterization of Pequi Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production: A Green Management of Waste to Biofuel Using Ethanol and Heterogeneous Catalysis |
title_full_unstemmed |
Extraction and Characterization of Pequi Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production: A Green Management of Waste to Biofuel Using Ethanol and Heterogeneous Catalysis |
title_sort |
Extraction and Characterization of Pequi Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production: A Green Management of Waste to Biofuel Using Ethanol and Heterogeneous Catalysis |
author |
Guimarães,Munique G. |
author_facet |
Guimarães,Munique G. Evaristo,Rafael B. W. Macedo,Julio L. de Ghesti,Grace F. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Evaristo,Rafael B. W. Macedo,Julio L. de Ghesti,Grace F. |
author2_role |
author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Guimarães,Munique G. Evaristo,Rafael B. W. Macedo,Julio L. de Ghesti,Grace F. |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
agroindustrial residues pequi seeds biodiesel simultaneous extraction/production heterogeneous catalysis |
topic |
agroindustrial residues pequi seeds biodiesel simultaneous extraction/production heterogeneous catalysis |
description |
This work reports the characterization of a vegetable oil extracted from pequi seeds, an agroindustrial residue, and its biodiesel production using ethanol and heterogeneous catalysis. The pequi seeds showed 40.73 wt.% of extractive content, which represents a large amount of the biomass composition. The crude oil extracted from the pequi seeds with ethanol as solvent presented a high content of free fatty acids (FFAs), mainly oleic (54.14%) and palmitic (36.71%) acids, resulting in an acidity value of 13.8 ± 0.1 mg KOH g-1. The esterification/transesterification process was performed using two ion exchange resins as heterogeneous catalysts, a commercial protonic form (assigned as PR) and a zirconium-exchanged (assigned as PRZr). Conversions of 87.1 and 91.4% were achieved for PR and PRZr as catalysts, respectively, at optimal conditions (1:6 oil-to-alcohol molar ratio, 25 wt.% of catalyst, 100 ºC and 1 h). These results indicated that heterogeneous acid catalysts can be successfully applied in biodiesel production from fatty acid-rich oils, such as the one extracted from pequi seeds. Also, a simultaneous process involving both oil extraction and biodiesel production was tested using PRZr as catalyst (25 wt.% of catalyst and 100 ºC), but due to the greater amount of ethanol necessary for the oil extraction (1:16 oil to alcohol mass ratio) the conversion reached only 51.5% after 5 h. For that reason, this work proposes a two stage system for biodiesel production that integrates oil extraction (stage one) and the esterification/transesterification reaction (stage two) to achieve a greener process, waste-to-bioenergy. |
publishDate |
2022 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2022-04-01 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-50532022000400327 |
url |
http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-50532022000400327 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
10.21577/0103-5053.20210151 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
text/html |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Sociedade Brasileira de Química |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Sociedade Brasileira de Química |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society v.33 n.4 2022 reponame:Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society (Online) instname:Sociedade Brasileira de Química (SBQ) instacron:SBQ |
instname_str |
Sociedade Brasileira de Química (SBQ) |
instacron_str |
SBQ |
institution |
SBQ |
reponame_str |
Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society (Online) |
collection |
Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society (Online) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society (Online) - Sociedade Brasileira de Química (SBQ) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
||office@jbcs.sbq.org.br |
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1750318184819326976 |