LIXIVIAÇÃO ÁCIDA DE BATERIAS ÍON-LÍTIO

• Autor(a) principal: Silva,Rafael Gundim
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Outros Autores: Afonso,Júlio Carlos, Mahler,Claudio Fernando
• Tipo de documento: Relatório
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Química Nova (Online)
• Texto Completo: http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-40422018000500581
• topic: lithium-ion battery; metals recovery; solvent extraction; cobalt; lithium

This paper describes a route for recovering cobalt and lithium from spent Li-ion batteries via acidic leaching. Sulfuric, hydrochloric, hydrofluoric and formic acids were used as leachants. Hydrogen peroxide was added as reductant, except for formic acid since it is itself a reductant. Experiments were run at 25-40 ºC for 1-3 h. Under the best optimal conditions, the leaching efficiency order was HCl ≈ HF > H2SO4 > HCOOH. Over 90 wt.% of cobalt and lithium were leached by the inorganic acids. The insoluble matter corresponds mainly to the carbon from the cathode. Co(II) was extracted with D2EHPA 16 vol.% diluted in n-hexane at pH ~5 (A/O ratio 1/1 vol/vol, one stage, 25 ºC). Co(II) striping was possible using a dilute leachant (1-2 mol L-1 HCl or H2SO4, 4-5 mol L-1 HF or HCOOH). Lithium was isolated from the raffinate by precipitation as carbonate or phosphate.