Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida no contexto da economia circular de pellets e briquetes produzidos na América Latina
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2022 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/17104 |
Resumo: | Biomass is considered an underused energy source in several regions of the world, although there are optimistic market projections for the next years. Local generation of residual biomass can supply part of the energy demand in some regions of Latin America and can also be exported as pellets and briquettes. However, the environmental performance of these solid biofuels should be further investigated from the perspective of the Circular Economy (CE), mostly due to the environmental impacts associated with their exportation and the saving of virgin raw material resulting from the use of residual biomass. In this sense, this dissertation consisted of on the analysis of the environmental performance of pellets and briquettes through the combination of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) with the recent Circular Footprint Formula (CFF) method, being this integration an important strategy to promote sustainable production. Eleven case studies were modeled in a cradle-to-product-distribution approach, all of them related to pellets and briquettes produced with different biomass sources in Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Mexico, and their exportation to European market. The Functional Unit (FU) equivalent to 1 MJ of energy embedded in the biomass pellets and briquettes was adopted. The impacts related to the Global Warming Potential (GWP), Acidification Potential (AP), Eutrophication Potential (EP), Abiotic Depletion Potential (ADPe), Ozone Layer Depletion Potential (ODP) and Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (POCP) by the CML method, and the Non-Renewable Cumulative Energy Demand (CED) for the FU was also calculated. The CFF allocation method was applied based on the results of LCA, and the results compared with and without the CFF use. The results pointed to the low carbon footprint of the pellets and briquettes in view of the absorption of biogenic carbon associated with the land use by the raw material sources, and because they represent residual biomass. The amount of biomass demanded by the pellets and briquettes production can avoid the emission of up to 287 g CO2-eq per MJ of generated energy. However, exporting to Europe significantly increases emissions and impacts across all impact categories analyzed, with road and sea transport stages representing important lifecycle hotspots across all eleven case studies, mostly for ADPe, AP, ODP and CED. The application the CFF revealed that this method requires some adaptations when applied in the context of pellets and briquettes, which means important practical limitations. Furthermore, the integration of CE with LCA enhances the environmental savings of residual biomass pellets and briquettes due to the avoided impacts in all the impact categories associated with the increasing circularity by avoiding virgin wood and demanding residual biomass instead. |
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Matheus, Thiago TeixeiraSilva, Diogo Aparecido Lopeshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/1101747760784249http://lattes.cnpq.br/4525033289395545a2649bb7-e380-4084-90a0-d7b99f8f77402022-12-01T16:31:59Z2022-12-01T16:31:59Z2022-09-29MATHEUS, Thiago Teixeira. Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida no contexto da economia circular de pellets e briquetes produzidos na América Latina. 2022. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia de Produção) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Sorocaba, 2022. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/17104.https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/17104Biomass is considered an underused energy source in several regions of the world, although there are optimistic market projections for the next years. Local generation of residual biomass can supply part of the energy demand in some regions of Latin America and can also be exported as pellets and briquettes. However, the environmental performance of these solid biofuels should be further investigated from the perspective of the Circular Economy (CE), mostly due to the environmental impacts associated with their exportation and the saving of virgin raw material resulting from the use of residual biomass. In this sense, this dissertation consisted of on the analysis of the environmental performance of pellets and briquettes through the combination of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) with the recent Circular Footprint Formula (CFF) method, being this integration an important strategy to promote sustainable production. Eleven case studies were modeled in a cradle-to-product-distribution approach, all of them related to pellets and briquettes produced with different biomass sources in Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Mexico, and their exportation to European market. The Functional Unit (FU) equivalent to 1 MJ of energy embedded in the biomass pellets and briquettes was adopted. The impacts related to the Global Warming Potential (GWP), Acidification Potential (AP), Eutrophication Potential (EP), Abiotic Depletion Potential (ADPe), Ozone Layer Depletion Potential (ODP) and Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (POCP) by the CML method, and the Non-Renewable Cumulative Energy Demand (CED) for the FU was also calculated. The CFF allocation method was applied based on the results of LCA, and the results compared with and without the CFF use. The results pointed to the low carbon footprint of the pellets and briquettes in view of the absorption of biogenic carbon associated with the land use by the raw material sources, and because they represent residual biomass. The amount of biomass demanded by the pellets and briquettes production can avoid the emission of up to 287 g CO2-eq per MJ of generated energy. However, exporting to Europe significantly increases emissions and impacts across all impact categories analyzed, with road and sea transport stages representing important lifecycle hotspots across all eleven case studies, mostly for ADPe, AP, ODP and CED. The application the CFF revealed that this method requires some adaptations when applied in the context of pellets and briquettes, which means important practical limitations. Furthermore, the integration of CE with LCA enhances the environmental savings of residual biomass pellets and briquettes due to the avoided impacts in all the impact categories associated with the increasing circularity by avoiding virgin wood and demanding residual biomass instead.A biomassa é considerada uma fonte energética subaproveitada em diversas regiões do mundo, ainda que se tenham projeções otimistas de mercado para os próximos anos. A geração local de biomassa residual pode suprir parte da demanda energética em diversas regiões da América Latina, podendo ainda ser exportada na forma de pellets e briquetes. Todavia, o desempenho ambiental destes biocombustíveis sólidos deve ser melhor investigado, sob a perspectiva da Economia Circular (EC), principalmente diante dos impactos ambientais associados à sua exportação e a economia de matéria-prima virgem decorrente do uso de biomassa residual. Neste sentido, esta dissertação consiste na análise do desempenho ambiental dos pellets e briquetes a partir da integração entre a Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida (ACV) com o recente método Circular Footprint Formula (CFF), sendo a combinação entre ACV e EC uma importante estratégia para promoção da produção sustentável. Onze estudos de casos foram modelados numa abordagem cradle-to-product-distribution, contemplando pellets e briquetes produzidos com diferentes fontes de biomassa no Brasil, Chile, Colômbia e México e sua exportação para o mercado Europeu. Foi adotada a Unidade Funcional (UF) equivalente a 1 MJ de energia embutida nos pellets e briquetes de biomassa. Foram calculados os impactos relacionados ao Potencial de Aquecimento Global (GWP), Potencial de Acidificação (AP), Potencial de Eutrofização (EP), Depleção de Recursos Abióticos Potencial (ADPe), Depleção da Camada de Ozônio Potencial (ODP) e Potencial de Degradação Fotoquímica (POCP) pelo método CML, sendo ainda calculada a Demanda Acumulada de Energia (CED) não renovável para a UF estabelecida. O método de alocação CFF foi então aplicado a partir dos resultados da ACV, e os resultados comparados com e sem o uso da CFF. Os resultados mostraram que os pellets e briquetes apresentam uma baixa pegada de carbono devido a absorção de carbono biogênico associado ao uso do solo pela matéria prima utilizada, e por se tratar de fontes de biomassa residual. Os aspectos relacionados ao tipo e quantidade de biomassa utilizada na produção dos pellets e briquetes podem evitar a emissão de até 287 g CO2-eq por MJ de energia gerada. Todavia, a exportação para o continente europeu aumenta significativamente as emissões e impactos em todas as categorias de impacto analisadas, com os estágios de transporte rodoviário e marítimo representando hotspots importantes no ciclo de vida em todos os onze estudos de caso, principalmente para ADPe, AP, ODP e CED. A partir da aplicação da CFF, observou-se que este método requer algumas adaptações nos parâmetros quando aplicado no contexto dos pellets e briquetes, o que pode ser uma limitação no seu emprego. Ainda, a integração da EC com ACV potencializa os ganhos ambientais dos pellets e briquetes de biomassa residual, que pela CFF resultaram em impactos evitados em todas as categorias analisadas, uma vez que valoriza a circularidade pela não utilização de madeira virgem e o emprego de biomassa residual.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)porUniversidade Federal de São CarlosCâmpus SorocabaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Produção - PPGEP-SoUFSCarAttribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazilhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/br/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessEconomia CircularBioeconomiaBioenergiaEngenharia do Ciclo de VidaCircular EconomyBioeconomyBioenergyLife Cycle EngineeringENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE PRODUCAOENGENHARIASAvaliação do Ciclo de Vida no contexto da economia circular de pellets e briquetes produzidos na América LatinaLife Cycle Assessment on the circular economy context of pellets and briquettes produced in Latin Americainfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis600600c2851b79-c7e7-4f78-8f0e-9d534b3dab5ereponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSCARinstname:Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)instacron:UFSCARORIGINALDissertação_Pellets&Briquetes_ThiagoMatheus.pdfDissertação_Pellets&Briquetes_ThiagoMatheus.pdfDissertação pellets e briquetes - Thiago Matheusapplication/pdf1785081https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/17104/1/Disserta%c3%a7%c3%a3o_Pellets%26Briquetes_ThiagoMatheus.pdf2ea811960b6ec4a9826dded6df63b7dfMD51CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8805https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/17104/2/license_rdfc4c98de35c20c53220c07884f4def27cMD52TEXTDissertação_Pellets&Briquetes_ThiagoMatheus.pdf.txtDissertação_Pellets&Briquetes_ThiagoMatheus.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain174333https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/17104/3/Disserta%c3%a7%c3%a3o_Pellets%26Briquetes_ThiagoMatheus.pdf.txtc3c627e5521d7dba92f1a4a7ecf2e141MD53THUMBNAILDissertação_Pellets&Briquetes_ThiagoMatheus.pdf.jpgDissertação_Pellets&Briquetes_ThiagoMatheus.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg6230https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/17104/4/Disserta%c3%a7%c3%a3o_Pellets%26Briquetes_ThiagoMatheus.pdf.jpgd38b0ee053d4eb3775985b77c6e03046MD54ufscar/171042023-09-18 18:32:32.198oai:repositorio.ufscar.br:ufscar/17104Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://repositorio.ufscar.br/oai/requestopendoar:43222023-09-18T18:32:32Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR - Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida no contexto da economia circular de pellets e briquetes produzidos na América Latina |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Life Cycle Assessment on the circular economy context of pellets and briquettes produced in Latin America |
title |
Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida no contexto da economia circular de pellets e briquetes produzidos na América Latina |
spellingShingle |
Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida no contexto da economia circular de pellets e briquetes produzidos na América Latina Matheus, Thiago Teixeira Economia Circular Bioeconomia Bioenergia Engenharia do Ciclo de Vida Circular Economy Bioeconomy Bioenergy Life Cycle Engineering ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE PRODUCAO ENGENHARIAS |
title_short |
Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida no contexto da economia circular de pellets e briquetes produzidos na América Latina |
title_full |
Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida no contexto da economia circular de pellets e briquetes produzidos na América Latina |
title_fullStr |
Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida no contexto da economia circular de pellets e briquetes produzidos na América Latina |
title_full_unstemmed |
Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida no contexto da economia circular de pellets e briquetes produzidos na América Latina |
title_sort |
Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida no contexto da economia circular de pellets e briquetes produzidos na América Latina |
author |
Matheus, Thiago Teixeira |
author_facet |
Matheus, Thiago Teixeira |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.authorlattes.por.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/4525033289395545 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Matheus, Thiago Teixeira |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Silva, Diogo Aparecido Lopes |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/1101747760784249 |
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv |
a2649bb7-e380-4084-90a0-d7b99f8f7740 |
contributor_str_mv |
Silva, Diogo Aparecido Lopes |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Economia Circular Bioeconomia Bioenergia Engenharia do Ciclo de Vida |
topic |
Economia Circular Bioeconomia Bioenergia Engenharia do Ciclo de Vida Circular Economy Bioeconomy Bioenergy Life Cycle Engineering ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE PRODUCAO ENGENHARIAS |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Circular Economy Bioeconomy Bioenergy Life Cycle Engineering |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE PRODUCAO ENGENHARIAS |
description |
Biomass is considered an underused energy source in several regions of the world, although there are optimistic market projections for the next years. Local generation of residual biomass can supply part of the energy demand in some regions of Latin America and can also be exported as pellets and briquettes. However, the environmental performance of these solid biofuels should be further investigated from the perspective of the Circular Economy (CE), mostly due to the environmental impacts associated with their exportation and the saving of virgin raw material resulting from the use of residual biomass. In this sense, this dissertation consisted of on the analysis of the environmental performance of pellets and briquettes through the combination of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) with the recent Circular Footprint Formula (CFF) method, being this integration an important strategy to promote sustainable production. Eleven case studies were modeled in a cradle-to-product-distribution approach, all of them related to pellets and briquettes produced with different biomass sources in Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Mexico, and their exportation to European market. The Functional Unit (FU) equivalent to 1 MJ of energy embedded in the biomass pellets and briquettes was adopted. The impacts related to the Global Warming Potential (GWP), Acidification Potential (AP), Eutrophication Potential (EP), Abiotic Depletion Potential (ADPe), Ozone Layer Depletion Potential (ODP) and Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (POCP) by the CML method, and the Non-Renewable Cumulative Energy Demand (CED) for the FU was also calculated. The CFF allocation method was applied based on the results of LCA, and the results compared with and without the CFF use. The results pointed to the low carbon footprint of the pellets and briquettes in view of the absorption of biogenic carbon associated with the land use by the raw material sources, and because they represent residual biomass. The amount of biomass demanded by the pellets and briquettes production can avoid the emission of up to 287 g CO2-eq per MJ of generated energy. However, exporting to Europe significantly increases emissions and impacts across all impact categories analyzed, with road and sea transport stages representing important lifecycle hotspots across all eleven case studies, mostly for ADPe, AP, ODP and CED. The application the CFF revealed that this method requires some adaptations when applied in the context of pellets and briquettes, which means important practical limitations. Furthermore, the integration of CE with LCA enhances the environmental savings of residual biomass pellets and briquettes due to the avoided impacts in all the impact categories associated with the increasing circularity by avoiding virgin wood and demanding residual biomass instead. |
publishDate |
2022 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2022-12-01T16:31:59Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2022-12-01T16:31:59Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2022-09-29 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
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masterThesis |
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dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
MATHEUS, Thiago Teixeira. Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida no contexto da economia circular de pellets e briquetes produzidos na América Latina. 2022. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia de Produção) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Sorocaba, 2022. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/17104. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/17104 |
identifier_str_mv |
MATHEUS, Thiago Teixeira. Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida no contexto da economia circular de pellets e briquetes produzidos na América Latina. 2022. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia de Produção) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Sorocaba, 2022. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/17104. |
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https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/17104 |
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Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/br/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/br/ |
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Universidade Federal de São Carlos Câmpus Sorocaba |
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Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Produção - PPGEP-So |
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UFSCar |
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Universidade Federal de São Carlos Câmpus Sorocaba |
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