Estudo do processo de cristalização de açúcar : modelagem e estratégias de controle.
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2007 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/3985 |
Resumo: | Sugar cane can be considered one of the main crop in the state of São Paulo, both for its contribution to the gross profits of the entire state harvest and the extent of the agricultural land it occupies. Recent figures show that the Brazilian sugar and alcohol industry park has 304 active industries, in addition to 40 new ones in implementation phase. The enlargement of that sector and its growing interest in new technologies represent a favorable context in developing and studying processes related with sugar and alcohol production among universities. This study focuses on the main stage in the sugar production process, the crystallization stage, in an attempt to better understand the deficiencies associated to the equipment where such stage is processed, known as crystallizer (or batch vacuum pan). In addition, more effective control strategies are also sought. A dynamic model of an industrial batch crystallizer was designed using the mass balance classical approach. The open-loop dynamic model simulation results were compared to real data taken from the supervisory system and laboratorial analysis, both information got in an industry located in the middle west of São Paulo state, the Usina Barra Grande. The model comprised a non-linear system of differential-algebraic equations. The mass balance that was adopted, in spite using severe hypotheses, generated good predictions for the equipment s state variables. The analysis of the data from the mentioned industry has shown that the operational stability of the equipment is affected by the crystallizer s automatic control routines. Besides the model, a control software was also build, aiming initially closedloop dynamic model simulation and the firsts adjusts in the new control strategies. After that, the control software had its behavior assessed in real operation time, replacing the more problematic controls in the equipment s programmable logical controller. The control software was encoded in VISUAL BASIC and comprised two control modes: a proportional-integral (PI) mode and a fuzzy mode. The crystallization stage was followed up by means of a graphical interface, where the main process informations were visually available. The informations were stored during the crystallization stage and, in the end, were saved in a text file, to guarantee future analysis. The fuzzy algorithm was created on MATLAB and it was compiled in a dynamic linked library format, which allowed its access by the control software. The tests with the control software were developed in two periods of time. The first period tests were made with the proportional-integral control mode and the second period tests were made with the fuzzy control mode. Both control modes generated extremely satisfying results. There were savings in the batch times, a reduction in the oscillation of the manipulated variables and a decrease in the error between the main controlled variable and its setpoint, when the tests results were compared with data from the actual control. |
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Torres, Rodrigo CoutinhoCruz, Antonio José Gonçalves dahttp://genos.cnpq.br:12010/dwlattes/owa/prc_imp_cv_int?f_cod=K4797972A919b19c59-34ef-4d84-b8b8-4832f462b8252016-06-02T19:56:29Z2007-11-122016-06-02T19:56:29Z2007-08-08TORRES, Rodrigo Coutinho. Estudo do processo de cristalização de açúcar : modelagem e estratégias de controle.. 2007. 122 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Exatas e da Terra) - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2007.https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/3985Sugar cane can be considered one of the main crop in the state of São Paulo, both for its contribution to the gross profits of the entire state harvest and the extent of the agricultural land it occupies. Recent figures show that the Brazilian sugar and alcohol industry park has 304 active industries, in addition to 40 new ones in implementation phase. The enlargement of that sector and its growing interest in new technologies represent a favorable context in developing and studying processes related with sugar and alcohol production among universities. This study focuses on the main stage in the sugar production process, the crystallization stage, in an attempt to better understand the deficiencies associated to the equipment where such stage is processed, known as crystallizer (or batch vacuum pan). In addition, more effective control strategies are also sought. A dynamic model of an industrial batch crystallizer was designed using the mass balance classical approach. The open-loop dynamic model simulation results were compared to real data taken from the supervisory system and laboratorial analysis, both information got in an industry located in the middle west of São Paulo state, the Usina Barra Grande. The model comprised a non-linear system of differential-algebraic equations. The mass balance that was adopted, in spite using severe hypotheses, generated good predictions for the equipment s state variables. The analysis of the data from the mentioned industry has shown that the operational stability of the equipment is affected by the crystallizer s automatic control routines. Besides the model, a control software was also build, aiming initially closedloop dynamic model simulation and the firsts adjusts in the new control strategies. After that, the control software had its behavior assessed in real operation time, replacing the more problematic controls in the equipment s programmable logical controller. The control software was encoded in VISUAL BASIC and comprised two control modes: a proportional-integral (PI) mode and a fuzzy mode. The crystallization stage was followed up by means of a graphical interface, where the main process informations were visually available. The informations were stored during the crystallization stage and, in the end, were saved in a text file, to guarantee future analysis. The fuzzy algorithm was created on MATLAB and it was compiled in a dynamic linked library format, which allowed its access by the control software. The tests with the control software were developed in two periods of time. The first period tests were made with the proportional-integral control mode and the second period tests were made with the fuzzy control mode. Both control modes generated extremely satisfying results. There were savings in the batch times, a reduction in the oscillation of the manipulated variables and a decrease in the error between the main controlled variable and its setpoint, when the tests results were compared with data from the actual control.A cana-de-açúcar pode ser considerada uma das principais culturas do estado de São Paulo, devido à sua contribuição para o valor bruto da produção agrícola e também para a ocupação da área de plantio. Dados recentes informam que o parque sucroalcooleiro nacional é formado por 304 indústrias em atividade e mais 40 novas indústrias em fase de implantação. A expansão do setor e o interesse crescente do mesmo por novas tecnologias são fatores que contribuem para o desenvolvimento e o estudo de processos relacionados com a produção de açúcar e álcool dentro das universidades. Este trabalho faz um estudo sobre a principal etapa do processo de produção de açúcar, a etapa de cristalização, na busca do entendimento das deficiências relacionadas à operação do equipamento onde se dá a mesma, o cristalizador (ou cozedor a vácuo), e também na busca de estratégias de controle mais eficazes. Um modelo dinâmico de cristalizador industrial batelada foi concebido usando a abordagem clássica de balanço de massa. Os resultados da simulação do modelo em malha aberta foram comparados com dados reais retirados do sistema de supervisão e com análises laboratoriais de amostras, ambas as informações obtidas em uma indústria do interior do estado de São Paulo, a Usina Barra Grande. O modelo era formado por um sistema não-linear de equações algébrico-diferenciais. O balanço de massa adotado, apesar de utilizar hipóteses severas, conseguiu gerar boas predições para as variáveis de estado do equipamento. A análise dos dados da indústria indicou que a estabilidade operacional estava sendo prejudicada pelas rotinas de controle automático do cristalizador. Além do modelo, desenvolveu-se também um programa de controle que possibilitou, inicialmente, simulações do modelo dinâmico em malha fechada e ajustes iniciais nas novas estratégias de controle. Depois, o programa de controle teve seu desempenho testado em tempo real de operação, substituindo parte dos controles existentes no controlador lógico-programável do equipamento. O programa de controle foi codificado no aplicativo VISUAL BASIC e consistiu de dois modos de controle: modo proporcional-integral (PI) e modo fuzzy. O acompanhamento da etapa de cristalização foi feito pela interface gráfica do programa, onde as principais informações do processo estavam visualmente disponíveis. As informações eram armazenadas ao longo da etapa e, ao final, eram salvas num arquivo texto para permitir análise posterior. O algoritmo fuzzy foi criado no MATLAB e compilado em forma de biblioteca de ligação dinâmica, o que possibilitou seu acesso pelo programa de controle. Os testes com o programa de controle foram realizados em dois períodos. Os testes do primeiro período foram feitos com o modo de controle proporcional-integral e os testes do segundo período foram feitos com o modo de controle fuzzy. Ambos os modos do programa de controle apresentaram resultados bastante satisfatórios. Houve encurtamento dos tempos de ciclo, redução da oscilação da variável manipulada e diminuição do erro entre a principal variável controlada e seu setpoint, quando os resultados dos testes são comparados com dados do controle atual.application/pdfporUniversidade Federal de São CarlosPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQUFSCarBRCristalizaçãoAutomaçãoSimulação dinâmicaControle de processoFuzzy logicENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICAEstudo do processo de cristalização de açúcar : modelagem e estratégias de controle.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis-1-1cc85fc8c-d20f-462f-9a6a-335621c3374ainfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSCARinstname:Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)instacron:UFSCARORIGINALDissRCT.pdfapplication/pdf1458533https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/3985/1/DissRCT.pdf6c1138afcca0a441294e37a2f4feaffbMD51THUMBNAILDissRCT.pdf.jpgDissRCT.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg6284https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/3985/2/DissRCT.pdf.jpg9addafa7268bc4b8e5be7c1f66e26568MD52ufscar/39852023-09-18 18:30:59.104oai:repositorio.ufscar.br:ufscar/3985Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://repositorio.ufscar.br/oai/requestopendoar:43222023-09-18T18:30:59Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR - Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Estudo do processo de cristalização de açúcar : modelagem e estratégias de controle. |
title |
Estudo do processo de cristalização de açúcar : modelagem e estratégias de controle. |
spellingShingle |
Estudo do processo de cristalização de açúcar : modelagem e estratégias de controle. Torres, Rodrigo Coutinho Cristalização Automação Simulação dinâmica Controle de processo Fuzzy logic ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA |
title_short |
Estudo do processo de cristalização de açúcar : modelagem e estratégias de controle. |
title_full |
Estudo do processo de cristalização de açúcar : modelagem e estratégias de controle. |
title_fullStr |
Estudo do processo de cristalização de açúcar : modelagem e estratégias de controle. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Estudo do processo de cristalização de açúcar : modelagem e estratégias de controle. |
title_sort |
Estudo do processo de cristalização de açúcar : modelagem e estratégias de controle. |
author |
Torres, Rodrigo Coutinho |
author_facet |
Torres, Rodrigo Coutinho |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Torres, Rodrigo Coutinho |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Cruz, Antonio José Gonçalves da |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://genos.cnpq.br:12010/dwlattes/owa/prc_imp_cv_int?f_cod=K4797972A9 |
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv |
19b19c59-34ef-4d84-b8b8-4832f462b825 |
contributor_str_mv |
Cruz, Antonio José Gonçalves da |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Cristalização Automação Simulação dinâmica Controle de processo Fuzzy logic |
topic |
Cristalização Automação Simulação dinâmica Controle de processo Fuzzy logic ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA |
description |
Sugar cane can be considered one of the main crop in the state of São Paulo, both for its contribution to the gross profits of the entire state harvest and the extent of the agricultural land it occupies. Recent figures show that the Brazilian sugar and alcohol industry park has 304 active industries, in addition to 40 new ones in implementation phase. The enlargement of that sector and its growing interest in new technologies represent a favorable context in developing and studying processes related with sugar and alcohol production among universities. This study focuses on the main stage in the sugar production process, the crystallization stage, in an attempt to better understand the deficiencies associated to the equipment where such stage is processed, known as crystallizer (or batch vacuum pan). In addition, more effective control strategies are also sought. A dynamic model of an industrial batch crystallizer was designed using the mass balance classical approach. The open-loop dynamic model simulation results were compared to real data taken from the supervisory system and laboratorial analysis, both information got in an industry located in the middle west of São Paulo state, the Usina Barra Grande. The model comprised a non-linear system of differential-algebraic equations. The mass balance that was adopted, in spite using severe hypotheses, generated good predictions for the equipment s state variables. The analysis of the data from the mentioned industry has shown that the operational stability of the equipment is affected by the crystallizer s automatic control routines. Besides the model, a control software was also build, aiming initially closedloop dynamic model simulation and the firsts adjusts in the new control strategies. After that, the control software had its behavior assessed in real operation time, replacing the more problematic controls in the equipment s programmable logical controller. The control software was encoded in VISUAL BASIC and comprised two control modes: a proportional-integral (PI) mode and a fuzzy mode. The crystallization stage was followed up by means of a graphical interface, where the main process informations were visually available. The informations were stored during the crystallization stage and, in the end, were saved in a text file, to guarantee future analysis. The fuzzy algorithm was created on MATLAB and it was compiled in a dynamic linked library format, which allowed its access by the control software. The tests with the control software were developed in two periods of time. The first period tests were made with the proportional-integral control mode and the second period tests were made with the fuzzy control mode. Both control modes generated extremely satisfying results. There were savings in the batch times, a reduction in the oscillation of the manipulated variables and a decrease in the error between the main controlled variable and its setpoint, when the tests results were compared with data from the actual control. |
publishDate |
2007 |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2007-11-12 2016-06-02T19:56:29Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2007-08-08 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2016-06-02T19:56:29Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
TORRES, Rodrigo Coutinho. Estudo do processo de cristalização de açúcar : modelagem e estratégias de controle.. 2007. 122 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Exatas e da Terra) - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2007. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/3985 |
identifier_str_mv |
TORRES, Rodrigo Coutinho. Estudo do processo de cristalização de açúcar : modelagem e estratégias de controle.. 2007. 122 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Exatas e da Terra) - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2007. |
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https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/3985 |
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Universidade Federal de São Carlos |
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