Caracterização e eficiência de diferentes meios filtrantes fibrosos na remoção de nanopartículas
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2015 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/4167 |
Resumo: | Human exposure to nanoparticles is increasingly becoming a concern, including in the workplace, due to urban and industrial development and the increasing use of motor vehicles. Filtration using fibrous filters is among the various options that can be used to provide efficient elimination of particles. It is known that there has been little research concerning the removal of nanoparticles using these filtration media. The aim of this study was to characterize, evaluate the efficiency and analyze the influence of filtration area on the efficiencies of the filter media HEPA (high efficiency particulate air), glass, micro-quartz, and polyester (300 g/m2) for the removal of nanoparticles. The filtration area was analyzed because is not possible in general to do the experimental testes in laboratory with large filtration area. The evaluation of the filter media depend on the structure of the filters (fiber diameter, thickness, and permeability), the operating conditions (superficial velocity and filtration area), and the characteristics of the filtered aerosols (density and size distribution). The characterization was used to evaluate the filter media and explain some results. Thickness, fiber diameter and permeability are examples of characterization parameters. The experimental setup was used in experimental tests of permeability and efficiency for the 5.3 and 40.7 cm2 filtration areas. A solution of 5 g/L sodium chloride (NaCl) was used to generate the nanoparticles in the filtration tests and a constant superficial velocity of 0.05 m/s. Particles were counted before and after passing through the filter media at the beginning of filtration using the electrical mobility technique. At the end of the filtration (one hour), the particles were again counted before and after the filters (in triplicate). The permeability constants of the HEPA, glass, and micro-quartz filters were the lower and they are influenced by the filtration area, while a much higher value was obtained for the polyester filter and showed no significant variation using different filtration area. Altogether, all the filter media were highly efficient in removing nanoparticles during approximately 2 hours of filtration, with the exception of the polyester filter, for which the efficiency decreased with increasing particle diameter. |
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Bortolassi, Ana Cláudia CanalliAguiar, Mônica Lopeshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0431688649128529http://lattes.cnpq.br/3912491491602236765d587f-3830-471c-9a39-9085a1d918ee2016-06-02T19:56:59Z2015-04-282016-06-02T19:56:59Z2015-01-23BORTOLASSI, Ana Cláudia Canalli. Caracterização e eficiência de diferentes meios filtrantes fibrosos na remoção de nanopartículas. 2015. 123 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Exatas e da Terra) - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2015.https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/4167Human exposure to nanoparticles is increasingly becoming a concern, including in the workplace, due to urban and industrial development and the increasing use of motor vehicles. Filtration using fibrous filters is among the various options that can be used to provide efficient elimination of particles. It is known that there has been little research concerning the removal of nanoparticles using these filtration media. The aim of this study was to characterize, evaluate the efficiency and analyze the influence of filtration area on the efficiencies of the filter media HEPA (high efficiency particulate air), glass, micro-quartz, and polyester (300 g/m2) for the removal of nanoparticles. The filtration area was analyzed because is not possible in general to do the experimental testes in laboratory with large filtration area. The evaluation of the filter media depend on the structure of the filters (fiber diameter, thickness, and permeability), the operating conditions (superficial velocity and filtration area), and the characteristics of the filtered aerosols (density and size distribution). The characterization was used to evaluate the filter media and explain some results. Thickness, fiber diameter and permeability are examples of characterization parameters. The experimental setup was used in experimental tests of permeability and efficiency for the 5.3 and 40.7 cm2 filtration areas. A solution of 5 g/L sodium chloride (NaCl) was used to generate the nanoparticles in the filtration tests and a constant superficial velocity of 0.05 m/s. Particles were counted before and after passing through the filter media at the beginning of filtration using the electrical mobility technique. At the end of the filtration (one hour), the particles were again counted before and after the filters (in triplicate). The permeability constants of the HEPA, glass, and micro-quartz filters were the lower and they are influenced by the filtration area, while a much higher value was obtained for the polyester filter and showed no significant variation using different filtration area. Altogether, all the filter media were highly efficient in removing nanoparticles during approximately 2 hours of filtration, with the exception of the polyester filter, for which the efficiency decreased with increasing particle diameter.Há uma grande preocupação com a exposição de pessoas às partículas nanométricas presentes no ar, até mesmo no ambiente de trabalho. Isto se deve ao desenvolvimento urbano, industrial e o crescente uso de veículos motorizados. Uma das soluções que vem sendo muito utilizadas ultimamente é o processo de filtração utilizando filtros fibrosos. Como há poucas pesquisas sobre o comportamento desses filtros na remoção de nanopartículas, o objetivo desse estudo foi caracterizar, avaliar a eficiência e verificar se o tamanho da área de filtração influencia no desempenho de meios filtrantes HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air Filter), de Vidro, de Micro Quartzo e de Poliéster na remoção de nanopartículas. A área de filtração foi avaliada uma vez que em testes laboratoriais nem sempre são possíveis grandes áreas de filtração para avaliação do desempenho de meios filtrantes. O desempenho de um meio filtrante depende da estrutura dos filtros (espessura, porosidade, diâmetro das fibras), das condições operacionais (velocidade de filtração e área de filtração) e das características do material particulado (densidade, tamanho da partícula e distribuição). A caracterização foi utilizada para avaliar os meios filtrantes e justificar possíveis resultados, entre ela está a espessura, o diâmetro das fibras e a permeabilidade. O sistema experimental foi utilizado tanto para a realização de experimentos de permeabilidade como para experimentos de eficiência com áreas de filtração iguais a 5,3cm2 e 40,7 cm2. Nos testes de eficiência foram utilizados uma solução de 5 g/L de cloreto de sódio para geração de partículas e velocidade constante de 5 cm/s. A contagem das partículas antes e após a passagem pelo meio filtrante era feita em triplicata no tempo zero e também depois de uma hora de filtração utilizando a técnica de mobilidade elétrica. Os meios filtrantes HEPA, de Vidro e de Quartzo apresentaram as menores constantes de permeabilidade e os valores foram ligeiramente influenciados pela área de filtração. Já o filtro de Poliéster foi o mais permeável e não apresentou variação significativa com a área de filtração. De uma forma geral, todos os meios filtrantes foram muito eficientes na remoção de nanopartículas durante duas horas de filtração aproximadamente, com exceção do filtro de Poliéster para o qual a eficiência decaiu com o aumento do tamanho das partículas.Universidade Federal de Sao Carlosapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de São CarlosPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQUFSCarBRFiltraçãoNanopartículasMecanismo de coletaMeios filtrantesPermeabilidadeCollection mechanismsElectrical mobilityFibrous filtersFiltration efficiencyNanoparticle filtrationPermeabilityENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICACaracterização e eficiência de diferentes meios filtrantes fibrosos na remoção de nanopartículasinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis-1-1cfe199c5-37b6-4d5a-a38c-e0503b6b1995info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSCARinstname:Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)instacron:UFSCARORIGINAL6695.pdfapplication/pdf5587762https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/4167/1/6695.pdf18422df241d7678995fda12c8a8bf70fMD51TEXT6695.pdf.txt6695.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain0https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/4167/2/6695.pdf.txtd41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427eMD52THUMBNAIL6695.pdf.jpg6695.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg6263https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/4167/3/6695.pdf.jpg2998753b594d7d48543ab20c74ea9f4bMD53ufscar/41672023-09-18 18:31:33.814oai:repositorio.ufscar.br:ufscar/4167Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://repositorio.ufscar.br/oai/requestopendoar:43222023-09-18T18:31:33Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR - Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Caracterização e eficiência de diferentes meios filtrantes fibrosos na remoção de nanopartículas |
title |
Caracterização e eficiência de diferentes meios filtrantes fibrosos na remoção de nanopartículas |
spellingShingle |
Caracterização e eficiência de diferentes meios filtrantes fibrosos na remoção de nanopartículas Bortolassi, Ana Cláudia Canalli Filtração Nanopartículas Mecanismo de coleta Meios filtrantes Permeabilidade Collection mechanisms Electrical mobility Fibrous filters Filtration efficiency Nanoparticle filtration Permeability ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA |
title_short |
Caracterização e eficiência de diferentes meios filtrantes fibrosos na remoção de nanopartículas |
title_full |
Caracterização e eficiência de diferentes meios filtrantes fibrosos na remoção de nanopartículas |
title_fullStr |
Caracterização e eficiência de diferentes meios filtrantes fibrosos na remoção de nanopartículas |
title_full_unstemmed |
Caracterização e eficiência de diferentes meios filtrantes fibrosos na remoção de nanopartículas |
title_sort |
Caracterização e eficiência de diferentes meios filtrantes fibrosos na remoção de nanopartículas |
author |
Bortolassi, Ana Cláudia Canalli |
author_facet |
Bortolassi, Ana Cláudia Canalli |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.authorlattes.por.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/3912491491602236 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Bortolassi, Ana Cláudia Canalli |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Aguiar, Mônica Lopes |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0431688649128529 |
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv |
765d587f-3830-471c-9a39-9085a1d918ee |
contributor_str_mv |
Aguiar, Mônica Lopes |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Filtração Nanopartículas Mecanismo de coleta Meios filtrantes Permeabilidade |
topic |
Filtração Nanopartículas Mecanismo de coleta Meios filtrantes Permeabilidade Collection mechanisms Electrical mobility Fibrous filters Filtration efficiency Nanoparticle filtration Permeability ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Collection mechanisms Electrical mobility Fibrous filters Filtration efficiency Nanoparticle filtration Permeability |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA |
description |
Human exposure to nanoparticles is increasingly becoming a concern, including in the workplace, due to urban and industrial development and the increasing use of motor vehicles. Filtration using fibrous filters is among the various options that can be used to provide efficient elimination of particles. It is known that there has been little research concerning the removal of nanoparticles using these filtration media. The aim of this study was to characterize, evaluate the efficiency and analyze the influence of filtration area on the efficiencies of the filter media HEPA (high efficiency particulate air), glass, micro-quartz, and polyester (300 g/m2) for the removal of nanoparticles. The filtration area was analyzed because is not possible in general to do the experimental testes in laboratory with large filtration area. The evaluation of the filter media depend on the structure of the filters (fiber diameter, thickness, and permeability), the operating conditions (superficial velocity and filtration area), and the characteristics of the filtered aerosols (density and size distribution). The characterization was used to evaluate the filter media and explain some results. Thickness, fiber diameter and permeability are examples of characterization parameters. The experimental setup was used in experimental tests of permeability and efficiency for the 5.3 and 40.7 cm2 filtration areas. A solution of 5 g/L sodium chloride (NaCl) was used to generate the nanoparticles in the filtration tests and a constant superficial velocity of 0.05 m/s. Particles were counted before and after passing through the filter media at the beginning of filtration using the electrical mobility technique. At the end of the filtration (one hour), the particles were again counted before and after the filters (in triplicate). The permeability constants of the HEPA, glass, and micro-quartz filters were the lower and they are influenced by the filtration area, while a much higher value was obtained for the polyester filter and showed no significant variation using different filtration area. Altogether, all the filter media were highly efficient in removing nanoparticles during approximately 2 hours of filtration, with the exception of the polyester filter, for which the efficiency decreased with increasing particle diameter. |
publishDate |
2015 |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2015-04-28 2016-06-02T19:56:59Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2015-01-23 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2016-06-02T19:56:59Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
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masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
BORTOLASSI, Ana Cláudia Canalli. Caracterização e eficiência de diferentes meios filtrantes fibrosos na remoção de nanopartículas. 2015. 123 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Exatas e da Terra) - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2015. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/4167 |
identifier_str_mv |
BORTOLASSI, Ana Cláudia Canalli. Caracterização e eficiência de diferentes meios filtrantes fibrosos na remoção de nanopartículas. 2015. 123 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Exatas e da Terra) - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2015. |
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https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/4167 |
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por |
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cfe199c5-37b6-4d5a-a38c-e0503b6b1995 |
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Universidade Federal de São Carlos |
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UFSCar |
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