Macrófitas aquáticas como ingrediente para suplementação de ração de peixe e de alimento vivo (cladóceros) na piscicultura sustentável de pequena escala
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2019 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/11266 |
Resumo: | The increasing demand and especially the consumption of fish has been growing exponentially as a consequence of increasing human population and also due to the search for healthier foods. Sustainable food production systems are essential to meet such demands. It is believed that small scale fish-farming can play relevant role in this great chalenge yet to be solved in this century. New technologies contributing to improve the production of live food and to better food rations for fish nutrition at low cost and with environmentally friendly practices must be adressed by future researches. The present study aimed to test the adequacy of the biomass of the macrophytes Hydrilla verticillata and Pistia stratiotes as an ingredient to supplement to fish rations and to supplement algas suspensions to be used as food in cladocerans cultures.Three fish rations were produced with the inclusión of macrophyte biomass at 5%, 10% and 15% supplementation levels, and tested for the Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Three inclusion levels of macrophyte biomass were also used to supplement the algal suspension used to feed the cladocerans Ceriodaphnia silvestii and Daphnia similis in laboratory cultures. Chemical, biochemical and caloric energy content analyses were performed to characterize macrophyte biomass, comercial ration and the three supplemented experimental fish rations. Kinectics and release of nutrients from macrophyte biomass, and supplemented rations were quantified and modelled. The results showed that H. verticillata had higher fiber content but lower amounts of protein, as compared with P. stratiotes. Ration supplemented with 10% of H.verticillata biomass had lower nutrient liberation than control and the best growt performance with weight gain of 297.61% the initial fish weight. Rations with inclusion of P. stratiotes biomass were not significantly diferent from control in relation to O. niloticus growth, which had a total of 307,6% body weight 60 days after the beginning of the experiment. Among cladocerans C. silvestrii had a better performance when fed on algal suspension supplemented with 66% of H. verticillata macrophyte biomass. On the other hand, D. similis reached best growth performance when fed only with algal suspension, as food source. Therefore, taking in consideration the maximum levels of successful inclusion of macrophyte biomass indicates potential to be used as ingredient to fish rations. It was also promising the environmental advantage conferred by the lower liberation of nitrogen to the water by H. verticillata biomass. It can be concluded that the use of macrophyte biomass is viable at the levels of 10% and 15% for H. verticillata and P. stratiotes, respectively, with nutritional, economical and environmental advantages and can contribute to the expansion of small scale pisciculture as a strategy to reduce costs aiming sustainable pisciculture. |
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Proença, Maíra AlcântaraRocha, Odetehttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7577441794992601http://lattes.cnpq.br/7800633821187899558a884f-ab8d-438d-b01e-182bb92a78df2019-04-18T13:42:20Z2019-04-18T13:42:20Z2019-03-07PROENÇA, Maíra Alcântara. Macrófitas aquáticas como ingrediente para suplementação de ração de peixe e de alimento vivo (cladóceros) na piscicultura sustentável de pequena escala. 2019. Tese (Doutorado em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2019. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/11266.https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/11266The increasing demand and especially the consumption of fish has been growing exponentially as a consequence of increasing human population and also due to the search for healthier foods. Sustainable food production systems are essential to meet such demands. It is believed that small scale fish-farming can play relevant role in this great chalenge yet to be solved in this century. New technologies contributing to improve the production of live food and to better food rations for fish nutrition at low cost and with environmentally friendly practices must be adressed by future researches. The present study aimed to test the adequacy of the biomass of the macrophytes Hydrilla verticillata and Pistia stratiotes as an ingredient to supplement to fish rations and to supplement algas suspensions to be used as food in cladocerans cultures.Three fish rations were produced with the inclusión of macrophyte biomass at 5%, 10% and 15% supplementation levels, and tested for the Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Three inclusion levels of macrophyte biomass were also used to supplement the algal suspension used to feed the cladocerans Ceriodaphnia silvestii and Daphnia similis in laboratory cultures. Chemical, biochemical and caloric energy content analyses were performed to characterize macrophyte biomass, comercial ration and the three supplemented experimental fish rations. Kinectics and release of nutrients from macrophyte biomass, and supplemented rations were quantified and modelled. The results showed that H. verticillata had higher fiber content but lower amounts of protein, as compared with P. stratiotes. Ration supplemented with 10% of H.verticillata biomass had lower nutrient liberation than control and the best growt performance with weight gain of 297.61% the initial fish weight. Rations with inclusion of P. stratiotes biomass were not significantly diferent from control in relation to O. niloticus growth, which had a total of 307,6% body weight 60 days after the beginning of the experiment. Among cladocerans C. silvestrii had a better performance when fed on algal suspension supplemented with 66% of H. verticillata macrophyte biomass. On the other hand, D. similis reached best growth performance when fed only with algal suspension, as food source. Therefore, taking in consideration the maximum levels of successful inclusion of macrophyte biomass indicates potential to be used as ingredient to fish rations. It was also promising the environmental advantage conferred by the lower liberation of nitrogen to the water by H. verticillata biomass. It can be concluded that the use of macrophyte biomass is viable at the levels of 10% and 15% for H. verticillata and P. stratiotes, respectively, with nutritional, economical and environmental advantages and can contribute to the expansion of small scale pisciculture as a strategy to reduce costs aiming sustainable pisciculture.A demanda por alimentos ricos em proteínas e especialmente o consumo de peixes tem crescido de forma acelerada em consequência do aumento da população mundial, e também pela busca de alimentos mais saudáveis. Para suprir essa demanda é importante a criação de sistemas de produção sustentáveis. Acredita-se que a piscicultura em pequena escala, com insumos de menor custo, pode ter um papel relevante neste grande desafio a ser enfrentado ainda neste século. Novas tecnologias que levem à produção de alimento vivo e rações adequadas à alimentação de peixes a um custo mais baixo e com procedimentos ambientalmente corretos têm sido alvo de muitas pesquisas nesta e nas próximas décadas. No presente estudo objetivou-se testar a adequação da biomassa das macrófitas Hydrilla verticillata e Pistia stratiotes para a suplementação de ração para peixes e de suspensão algal para cultivo de cladóceros. Foram produzidas e testadas três rações com inclusão de macrófitas (5%, 10% e 15%) e utilizadas como alimento para Oreochromis niloticus. Foram testados três níveis de inclusão das macrófitas na suspensão algal para o cultivo dos cladóceros Ceriodaphnia silvestrii e Daphnia similis. Foram feitas análises químicas, bioquímicas e de conteúdo calórico da biomassa das macrófitas, a cinética de decomposição a liberação de nutrientes das macrófitas puras e das rações suplementadas. Os resultados mostraram que a macrófita H. verticillata continha maior teores de fibras e menores quantidades de proteínas em comparação com P. stratiotes. A ração com inclusão de 10% H. verticillata teve menor liberação de nitrogênio do que a controle, e entre os tratamentos o de 10% resultou no melhor desempenho de crescimento do peixe, com ganhos de 297.61% de peso. As rações com P. stratiotes não apresentaram diferenças significativas em relação ao controle, em que houve 307,6% de incremento. Dentre os cladóceros, C. silvestrii teve melhor desempenho quando cultivada com inclusão de 66,6% da biomassa de H. verticillata na suspensão algal. Já D. similis teve melhor desempenho quando alimentada apenas com a suspensão algal como fonte de alimento. Portanto as macrófitas, com seus respectivos limites de inclusão, apresentam grande potencial como ingrediente em rações para peixes, pelas vantagens ambientais conferidas diretamente pela menor liberação de nitrogênio pela biomassa de H. verticillata e em relação a P. stratiotes, pela possibilidade de sua utilização na remoção de nutrientes, tratamento de efluentes da piscicultura. Conclui-se que o aproveitamento da biomassa das macrófitas é viável nos níveis de 10 e 15% para H. verticillata e P. stratiotes respectivamente, com vantagens nutricional, econômica e ambiental, podendo contribuir para a expansão da piscicultura de pequena escala como uma forma de aumentar a produção de proteína animal a custos mais baixos por meio da piscicultura.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)porUniversidade Federal de São CarlosCâmpus São CarlosPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais - PPGERNUFSCarMacrófitasPiscicultura sustentávelRações de peixeCladócerosMacrophytesFish rationSustainable piscicultureCladoceransCIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIAMacrófitas aquáticas como ingrediente para suplementação de ração de peixe e de alimento vivo (cladóceros) na piscicultura sustentável de pequena escalainfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis6 meses após a data da defesa6006008c3bbdc0-a10e-4631-aca9-5a45421689dcinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSCARinstname:Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)instacron:UFSCARORIGINALProença, Maíra Alcântara - Tese completa.pdfProença, Maíra Alcântara - Tese completa.pdfTese Completaapplication/pdf2772571https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/11266/3/Proen%c3%a7a%2c%20Ma%c3%adra%20Alc%c3%a2ntara%20-%20Tese%20completa.pdf35a399787a91a4936b17a8795df8b371MD53LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; 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dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Macrófitas aquáticas como ingrediente para suplementação de ração de peixe e de alimento vivo (cladóceros) na piscicultura sustentável de pequena escala |
title |
Macrófitas aquáticas como ingrediente para suplementação de ração de peixe e de alimento vivo (cladóceros) na piscicultura sustentável de pequena escala |
spellingShingle |
Macrófitas aquáticas como ingrediente para suplementação de ração de peixe e de alimento vivo (cladóceros) na piscicultura sustentável de pequena escala Proença, Maíra Alcântara Macrófitas Piscicultura sustentável Rações de peixe Cladóceros Macrophytes Fish ration Sustainable pisciculture Cladocerans CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA |
title_short |
Macrófitas aquáticas como ingrediente para suplementação de ração de peixe e de alimento vivo (cladóceros) na piscicultura sustentável de pequena escala |
title_full |
Macrófitas aquáticas como ingrediente para suplementação de ração de peixe e de alimento vivo (cladóceros) na piscicultura sustentável de pequena escala |
title_fullStr |
Macrófitas aquáticas como ingrediente para suplementação de ração de peixe e de alimento vivo (cladóceros) na piscicultura sustentável de pequena escala |
title_full_unstemmed |
Macrófitas aquáticas como ingrediente para suplementação de ração de peixe e de alimento vivo (cladóceros) na piscicultura sustentável de pequena escala |
title_sort |
Macrófitas aquáticas como ingrediente para suplementação de ração de peixe e de alimento vivo (cladóceros) na piscicultura sustentável de pequena escala |
author |
Proença, Maíra Alcântara |
author_facet |
Proença, Maíra Alcântara |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.authorlattes.por.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/7800633821187899 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Proença, Maíra Alcântara |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Rocha, Odete |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/7577441794992601 |
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv |
558a884f-ab8d-438d-b01e-182bb92a78df |
contributor_str_mv |
Rocha, Odete |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Macrófitas Piscicultura sustentável Rações de peixe Cladóceros |
topic |
Macrófitas Piscicultura sustentável Rações de peixe Cladóceros Macrophytes Fish ration Sustainable pisciculture Cladocerans CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Macrophytes Fish ration Sustainable pisciculture Cladocerans |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA |
description |
The increasing demand and especially the consumption of fish has been growing exponentially as a consequence of increasing human population and also due to the search for healthier foods. Sustainable food production systems are essential to meet such demands. It is believed that small scale fish-farming can play relevant role in this great chalenge yet to be solved in this century. New technologies contributing to improve the production of live food and to better food rations for fish nutrition at low cost and with environmentally friendly practices must be adressed by future researches. The present study aimed to test the adequacy of the biomass of the macrophytes Hydrilla verticillata and Pistia stratiotes as an ingredient to supplement to fish rations and to supplement algas suspensions to be used as food in cladocerans cultures.Three fish rations were produced with the inclusión of macrophyte biomass at 5%, 10% and 15% supplementation levels, and tested for the Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Three inclusion levels of macrophyte biomass were also used to supplement the algal suspension used to feed the cladocerans Ceriodaphnia silvestii and Daphnia similis in laboratory cultures. Chemical, biochemical and caloric energy content analyses were performed to characterize macrophyte biomass, comercial ration and the three supplemented experimental fish rations. Kinectics and release of nutrients from macrophyte biomass, and supplemented rations were quantified and modelled. The results showed that H. verticillata had higher fiber content but lower amounts of protein, as compared with P. stratiotes. Ration supplemented with 10% of H.verticillata biomass had lower nutrient liberation than control and the best growt performance with weight gain of 297.61% the initial fish weight. Rations with inclusion of P. stratiotes biomass were not significantly diferent from control in relation to O. niloticus growth, which had a total of 307,6% body weight 60 days after the beginning of the experiment. Among cladocerans C. silvestrii had a better performance when fed on algal suspension supplemented with 66% of H. verticillata macrophyte biomass. On the other hand, D. similis reached best growth performance when fed only with algal suspension, as food source. Therefore, taking in consideration the maximum levels of successful inclusion of macrophyte biomass indicates potential to be used as ingredient to fish rations. It was also promising the environmental advantage conferred by the lower liberation of nitrogen to the water by H. verticillata biomass. It can be concluded that the use of macrophyte biomass is viable at the levels of 10% and 15% for H. verticillata and P. stratiotes, respectively, with nutritional, economical and environmental advantages and can contribute to the expansion of small scale pisciculture as a strategy to reduce costs aiming sustainable pisciculture. |
publishDate |
2019 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2019-04-18T13:42:20Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2019-04-18T13:42:20Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2019-03-07 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
format |
doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
PROENÇA, Maíra Alcântara. Macrófitas aquáticas como ingrediente para suplementação de ração de peixe e de alimento vivo (cladóceros) na piscicultura sustentável de pequena escala. 2019. Tese (Doutorado em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2019. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/11266. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/11266 |
identifier_str_mv |
PROENÇA, Maíra Alcântara. Macrófitas aquáticas como ingrediente para suplementação de ração de peixe e de alimento vivo (cladóceros) na piscicultura sustentável de pequena escala. 2019. Tese (Doutorado em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2019. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/11266. |
url |
https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/11266 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.confidence.fl_str_mv |
600 600 |
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dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de São Carlos Câmpus São Carlos |
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais - PPGERN |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
UFSCar |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de São Carlos Câmpus São Carlos |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR instname:Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR) instacron:UFSCAR |
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Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR) |
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UFSCAR |
institution |
UFSCAR |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR |
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MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR - Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
_version_ |
1802136355802710016 |